Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) elevate the risk of poor health later in life.
This study aims to provide a more comprehensive investigation of the multidimensional health risks associated with ...ACEs, to address a gap in the understanding of their longitudinal impact on mental, physical, and behavioral health domains.
This study included 6, 504 participants (51.61 % females) from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (1994–2018).
We utilized latent class growth analysis to identify trajectories from adolescence to adulthood in three health domains: depression (Mental Health, MH), self-report physical health (SRH), and binge drinking frequency (BDF). Binary logistic regression was then used to assess the unique contributions of different types of ACEs to these longitudinal health trajectories.
Three to four trajectories were identified for MH (consistently low, decreasing, increasing), SRH (consistently low, decreasing, increasing, consistently high), and BDF (consistently low, decreasing, moderate). Regression results showed that experience of emotional abuse and witnessed community violence elevated the risk associated with unfavorable trajectories in the mental health and behavioral health domains, respectively.
Individual ACEs differentially predicted mental, physical, and behavioral health trajectories, potentially through various pathways. Prevention of ACEs could mitigate health risks for adolescents and young adults across these domains.
Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotropic Cannabis sativa derivative, and L-theanine, a green tea derivative, are gaining attention as potential promotors of psychological and cognitive health. The ...purpose of this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was to determine whether eight-week, daily consumption of beverages containing CBD, along with L-theanine, would improve psychological health, cognitive function, serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as well as innate immune cell quantity and function in young, healthy adults. A total of 102 healthy participants were randomly assigned to, and successfully completed, 8 weeks of one of four treatment arms: 1) 60 mg CBD plus L-theanine (CB60; n = 25); 2) 30 mg CBD plus L-theanine (CB30; n = 28); 3) vehicle containing only L-theanine (LTV; n = 24); and 4) a calorie-matched placebo (PLAC; n = 25). After 8 weeks, plasma cannabinoid metabolite concentrations were significantly increased (p < 0.001) in CB60 and CB30 groups. There were no significant changes in anxiety, fatigue, and cognition, or serum BDNF concentrations as a result of the intervention and no treatment-related changes in natural killer (NK) and NKT cell populations or function. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05189275).
Job embeddedness is predominately assumed to benefit employees, work groups, and organizations (e.g., higher performance, social cohesion, and lower voluntary turnover). Challenging this assumption, ...we examined the potentially negative outcomes that may occur if employees are embedded in an adverse work environment-feeling "stuck," yet unable to exit a negative situation. More specifically, we considered two factors representing adverse work conditions: abusive supervision and job insecurity. Drawing from conservation of resources theory, we hypothesized that job embeddedness would moderate the relationship between these conditions and outcomes of voluntary turnover, physical health, emotional exhaustion, and sleep quality/quantity, such that employees embedded in more adverse environments would be less likely to quit, but would experience more negative personal outcomes. Results from two independent samples, one in Japan (N = 597) and one in the United States (N = 283), provide support for the hypothesized pattern of interaction effects, thereby highlighting a largely neglected "dark side" of job embeddedness.
Background and aims: The average age of the population and the number of elderly people have increased with increasing life expectancy. This study aimed to investigate the physical and mental health ...of the elderly in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, which can provide important evidence for future interventions. Methods: This cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study was performed on 345 elderlies in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province in 2018. Census methods were used to select the samples according to the type of residence. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS statistic, Chicago, IL, USA, version 22). Descriptive and analytical tests were performed using Chi-square, independent t-test, and analysis of variance. Results: The mean age of participants and the mean score of their mental health were 71.13 and 55.29±11.57, respectively. Diabetes and hypertension (HTN) (27.8%), followed by skeletal problems (11.3%), were the most frequent disorders in the participants. The findings of the study demonstrated a significant difference between depressive status, as well as anxiety and sleep disorders of the elderly in the home and those kept in the nursing home (P<0.05). Conclusion: Overall, the elderly living in nursing homes had more unfavorable mental, emotional, and physical conditions than the elderly living in the home. Therefore, long-term planning to minimize the problems of elderlies is essential. Lifestyle modifications, health education, and screening for this age group are recommended to maintain independence, especially for the elderly in nursing homes.
The current pandemic wave of COVID-19 has resulted in significant uncertainty for the general public. Mental health and examining factors that may influence distress have been outlined as key ...research priorities to inform interventions. This research sought to examine whether intolerance of uncertainty and coping responses influence the degree of distress experienced by the U.K. general public during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a cross-sectional online questionnaire design, participants were recruited (N = 842) using snowball sampling over a 10-day period in the early "lockdown" phase of the pandemic. Around a quarter of participants demonstrated significantly elevated anxiety and depression, with 14.8% reaching clinical cutoff for health anxiety. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance indicated those in "vulnerable" groups were significantly more anxious (p < .001), and also more anxious in relation to their health (p < .001). Mediation modeling demonstrated maladaptive coping responses partially mediated the predictive relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and psychological distress. Mental health difficulties have become significantly raised during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, particularly for the vulnerable. Findings support emerging research suggesting the general public is struggling with uncertainty, more so than normal. Vulnerable groups are more anxious about their health, but not more intolerant of uncertainty than the nonvulnerable. Finally, this study indicated two modifiable factors that could act as treatment targets when adapting interventions for mental health during the COVID-19 global health crisis.
Public Significance Statement
This study reflects increased mental health difficulties within the United Kingdom during the current wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals' ability to tolerate uncertainty was predictive of mental health difficulties, and this was mediated by their coping responses. Future treatments could focus on supporting the general public to develop effective coping strategies and tolerate the uncertainty of the current climate, equipping them for potential future pandemic waves.
•Adults who did not work in the outbreak were worse in mental and physical health, distress and life satisfaction.•The identification of whose health and wellbeing is more affected by the disruption ...enables more targeted assistance.•The early evidence from China can help countries that consider implementing confinement policies to contain COVID-19.
We assess the health and wellbeing of normal adults living and working after one month of confinement to contain the COVID-19 outbreak in China. On Feb 20–21, 2020, we surveyed 369 adults in 64 cities in China that varied in their rates of confirmed coronavirus cases on their health conditions, distress and life satisfaction. 27% of the participants worked at the office, 38% resorted to working from home, and 25% stopped working due to the outbreak. Those who stopped working reported worse mental and physical health conditions as well as distress. The severity of COVID-19 in an individual's home city predicts their life satisfaction, and this relationship is contingent upon individuals’ existing chronic health issues and their hours of exercise. Our evidence supports the need to pay attention to the health of people who were not infected by the virus, especially for people who stopped working during the outbreak. Our results highlight that physically active people might be more susceptible to wellbeing issues during the lockdown. Policymakers who are considering introducing restrictive measures to contain COVID-19 may benefit from understanding such health and wellbeing implications.
Introduction: Mental health is a condition in which individuals realize their potential, are able to contribute, prosper, work productively and are able to contribute to the environment. Physical ...activity is any body movement capable of producing energy. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of mental health and physical activity in adolescents. Methods: Quantitative descriptive research method with a cross-sectional approach. The population is 780 youths, a sample of 265 people is calculated using the slovin formula. The sampling method uses stratified random sampling. The measuring tool for mental health variables uses the SRQ-29 and physical activity uses the IPAQ. Results: The results of the study showed that 46.4% of respondents had symptoms of mental-emotional disorders, none of the respondents used psychoactive substances, 4.9% of respondents had psychotic symptoms/psychosis, 7.5% of respondents had PTSD symptoms. In the physical activity variable, most respondents had moderate physical activity, 39.6%. Conclution: The mental health problems experienced by respondents and the physical activity undertaken may be influenced by characteristics such as age, gender, relationships with colleagues, stress, bullying. Respondents are expected to pay attention to their mental health conditions and continue to carry out physical activities in their daily lives. Keywords: Adolescents , mental health, physical health.
Hope is a topic widely discussed in the humanities and researched in the field of psychology. To explore the potential public health implications of hope for subsequent health and well-being ...outcomes, we prospectively examined the relation between baseline hope and a wide range of outcomes that included indicators of: physical health, health behaviors, and psychosocial well-being in older adults using an outcome-wide approach. Data from the Health and Retirement Study (N = 12,998, mean age = 66 years) were analyzed. Bonferroni correction was used to account for multiple testing. All models controlled for a wide array of factors including: sociodemographic characteristics, personality factors, and prior values of the exposure (hope) and all outcomes. A greater sense of hope was associated with: better physical health and health behavior outcomes on some indicators (e.g., reduced risk of all cause-mortality, fewer number of chronic conditions, lower risk of cancer, and fewer sleep problems), higher psychological well-being (e.g., increased positive affect, life satisfaction, and purpose in life), lower psychological distress, and better social well-being. A secondary analysis explored antecedents of hope. We identified several potentially modifiable factors that may lead to increased hope. These results may have important population-level implications for increasing hope and improving the physical, psychological, and social well-being of our growing older adult population.
Although numerous studies have revealed linear associations between the urban environment and health, the nonlinear effects of subjective and objective neighborhood environment on health have been ...under-researched. Using Beijing as a case study, this study employs the random forest method to investigate the nonlinear relationship between subjective/objective neighborhood environment and physical/mental health, respectively. The findings indicate that the subjective environment is the most important for both physical and mental health, and subjective air and noise pollution are the key factors. Neighborhood environmental variables have nonlinear correlations with health. Improved perception of facility accessibility is positively associated with physical health, whereas extremely high levels of accessibility may inversely decrease the probability of reporting good health. Road connectivity and bus stop density exhibit inverted U-shaped patterns with physical health and mental health, separately. Furthermore, the study highlights different dimensions of green space affect residents' health in diverse ways.
•Subjective environment is the most important for both physical and mental health.•Neighborhood environment has nonlinear relationship with health.•Road connectivity and bus stop density exhibit inverted U-shaped patterns with health.•Various green space indicators influence residents' health in different ways.
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