The target of the study is to give perspectives to the English teachers or lecturers about the psychological problems encountered by students. It also will be used as the basic information for ...teachers or lecturers to find the best way in teaching and learning English especially in English speaking skill classroom. This study was a qualitative design that would be analyzed in form of description and were collected from the second semester students of English Study Program of Universitas Islam Riau. The questionnaires were distributed to 15 students while five out of them were interviewed to assure their responses towards 18 statements in the questionnaire. Moreover, the questionnaire comprised statements that based on the psychological problem that consist of low of self-confidence, anxiety, and low of self-esteem. It was found that the students faced the psychological problem. The problems that prominently encountered by the students was low of self-esteem, which stated that they were unable to speak in English as well as most of their friends. Then, they felt they had not much to be proud during the class due to several problems. Most of the students tend to feel they were failure, because they have not improved their speaking skills yet, due to several problems which encounter them at the same time.
Pain is linked to behaviors and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD); however, it often remains underrecognized in this population.
We aimed to investigate the prevalence and intensity of pain ...in people living in aged care homes with BPSD and by dementia subtypes and the association between pain intensity and BPSD.
A 1-year retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted on BPSD and the presence of pain in referrals to a national BPSD support service using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory and PainChek®, respectively. Referrals were categorized into two groups: pain group and no pain group.
Of the 479 referrals (81.9 ± 8.3 years old) included in the analysis, two-thirds (65.6%) had pain identified, with almost half (48.4%) of these categorized as experiencing moderate-severe pain. Pain was highly prevalent (range: 54.6-78.6%) in all subtypes of dementia, particularly in mixed dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. Compared with the no pain group, the pain group had 25.3% more neuropsychiatric behaviors, 33.6% higher total severity of these behaviors, and 31.4% higher total distress caused to caregivers. For all results, effect sizes were small to medium (η²p = 0.04-0.06). Despite a high prevalence of aggressive or agitated behaviors across the entire group, the pain group was 3.8 times more likely to experience these behaviors than referrals not in pain.
There is a strong need to consider the possibility of pain as a contributor to behavioral changes in aged care residents living with dementia.
Current studies emphasize that emotion regulation has an interpersonal aspect in addition to its intrapersonal aspect. Interpersonal emotion regulation (IER) reflects the strategies that express how ...people use others to regulate their own emotions and is correlated with some psychological symptoms. Despite its importance, there are a limited number of studies. The present study investigates the relationships between IER, attachment style, and perceived social support. Additionally, the serial mediation model was tested to determine the mediating role of IER and social support in the relationship between anxious attachment style and psychological distress. Data were collected from 444 adults using scales assessing IER, attachment patterns, perceived social support, and psychological symptoms. Results indicated significant positive associations between IER dimensions and anxious attachment, and negative associations with avoidant attachment. The strongest correlation was between anxious attachment and soothing strategy (as one IER strategy). A structural equation model demonstrated that attachment anxiety statistically predicted depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms mediated by soothing and social support. The findings assert that IER strategies may originate from attachment styles, also explain psychological distress mediated by perceived social support.
•Interpersonal emotion regulation (IER) is positively related to attachment anxiety.•IER is negatively related to attachment avoidance.•Soothing is a distinguished IER strategy for psychological distress.•A serial mediation model was suggested for psychological problems.•Soothing and perceived social support had mediator roles in the model.
Job stress and burnout are highly frequent in healthcare professionals, and prevalence in nurses can be as high as 40%. Mindfulness-based interventions have been shown to be effective in reducing ...stress and increasing well-being in a wide range of populations and contexts. However, controlled studies with healthcare professionals, and especially nurses, are scarce.
The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of an on-site, abbreviated mindfulness-based intervention for nurses, using a nonrandomized, wait-list comparison design. The effectiveness of the intervention was measured through several validated self-report measures that participants completed before and after the intervention, assessing burnout, compassion fatigue, psychological symptoms, mindfulness, self-compassion, experiential avoidances, rumination, and satisfaction with life.
A sample of 94 oncology nurses agreed to participate in the study and self-selected into an experimental (n=45) and comparison condition (n=48). Complete data was obtained for 48 of the initial 94 participants, mainly due to poor follow-up data rather than high drop-out rate.
Statistical analyses included a series of 2×2 ANOVAs and ANCOVAs. Results indicated that nurses in the intervention reported significant decreases in compassion fatigue, burnout, stress, experiential avoidance, and increases in satisfaction with life, mindfulness and self-compassion, with medium to large effect sizes. Nurses in the comparison group didn’t present significant changes in these variables. Results also pointed to a high degree of acceptability of the intervention.
This study provides preliminary evidence that mindfulness-based interventions may be efficacious in reducing oncology nurses’ psychological symptoms and improving their overall well-being, and thus may be worthy of further study in this population.
Mindfulness meditation has become a common method for reducing stress, stress-related psychopathology and some physical symptoms. As mindfulness programs become ubiquitous, concerns have been raised ...about their unknown potential for harm. We estimate multiple indices of harm following Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on two primary outcomes: global psychological and physical symptoms. In secondary analyses, we estimate multiple indices of harm on anxiety and depressive symptoms, discomfort in interpersonal relations, paranoid ideation and psychoticism.
Intent-to-treat analyses with multiple imputations for missing data were used on pre- and post-test data from a large, observational dataset (
= 2155) of community health clinic MBSR classes and from MBSR (
= 156) and waitlist control (
= 118) participants from three randomized controlled trials conducted contemporaneous to community classes in the same city by the same health clinic MBSR teachers. We estimate the change in symptoms, proportion of participants with increased symptoms, proportion of participants reporting greater than a 35% increase in symptoms, and for global psychological symptoms, clinically significant harm.
We find no evidence that MBSR leads to higher rates of harm relative to waitlist control on any primary or secondary outcome. On many indices of harm across multiple outcomes, community MBSR was significantly preventative of harm.
Engagement in MBSR is not predictive of increased rates of harm relative to no treatment. Rather, MBSR may be protective against multiple indices of harm. Research characterizing the relatively small proportion of MBSR participants that experience harm remains important.
With advances in cancer disease diagnosis and treatment, the trends of cancer survival continue to increase, but cancer survivors usually experience disease- or treatment-related problems (including ...both physiological and psychological problems) and poorer quality of life. Various types of telehealth interventions have been widespread in the field of medical care and have been shown to be cost-effective, to have high levels of patient satisfaction, and to have high acceptability among health professionals. Currently, there is no definite conclusion about the effectiveness of telehealth interventions on cancer survivors’ quality of life.
To evaluate the effects of telehealth interventions on cancer survivors’ quality of life and compare the effectiveness of different types.
A systematic review and meta-analysis.
A systematic literature search was conducted in six databases (MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) to identify relevant studies from inception to 14 April 2021. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted the data. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Data synthesis was conducted in Review Manager (Version 5.3), and the quality of life scores were calculated by using the standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were also conducted.
Twenty-eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from 2002 to 2020 were included. Meta-analysis revealed significant effects of telehealth interventions on cancer survivors’ quality of life (SMD = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.14–0.34, P < 0.00001). Subgroup analysis showed that the most effective method was application-based intervention (SMD = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.17–0.66) and the short-term telehealth intervention was more effective than other durations of intervention (SMD = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.06–0.50). The effects on breast cancer survivors’ quality of life were greater than those on the other types of cancer survivors (SMD = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.10–0.51). Sensitivity analysis indicated that the pooled results were robust and reliable.
Telehealth interventions are effective and alternative methods for improving quality of life among cancer survivors. The most effective approach was application-based intervention, the most common approach was website-based intervention, and in terms of intervention durations, the short-term telehealth intervention was the most effective. Most telehealth interventions included breast cancer survivors. More large, well-designed RCTs are needed to confirm the effects of telehealth interventions on quality of life in cancer survivors.
This study aimed to identify the impact of campus housing problems faced by female expatriate students on their academic achievement. The study sample included 140 female students living in campus ...housing. The results showed that the value of the impact of campus housing problems on academic achievement reached a total weight of 7663 and a weighted relative weight of 60.82%, indicating a moderate level of impact. Psychological problems were ranked first at 35.01%, followed by social problems at 32.63%, and organizational problems at 32.3%. The study concludes several key problems faced by female expatriate students, including a lack of social support, difficult procedures for family visits and a lack of study resources within campus housing such as offices, stationery, ink, paper and printing. These problems have led to a poor level of academic achievement for female expatriate students.
Background
Some studies suggest that children with language and learning disorders (LLDs) show more internalizing and externalizing problems than their peers. However, the available evidence remains ...inconsistent, especially regarding the conditions under which these psychological problems occur.
Methods
We performed a meta‐analysis of studies comparing children with LLDs and controls on internalizing (53 independent samples, 135 effect sizes) and externalizing problems (37 independent samples, 61 effect sizes) separately.
Results
Children with LLDs showed higher internalizing (Hedges’ g = 0.36) and externalizing problems (Hedges’ g = 0.42) than controls did. The group standardized difference in internalizing problems was moderated by the primary disorder, with children with language disorders showing more internalizing problems than those with reading disorders. The severity of the primary disorder, IQ, and age did not moderate Hedge’s g between children with LLDs and controls in internalizing and externalizing outcomes. The same pattern was found for gender as a moderator of Hedge’s g in internalizing problems, while findings for externalizing problems were inconclusive. The results were consistent when methodological variables were assessed, also for informant, sample size, and geographical area. Clinical samples with LLDs reported higher internalizing problems respect to those with difficulties, but findings on externalizing outcomes were limited. Similarly, results on the presence of additional symptoms in learning and language, self‐concept, and socioeconomic status were inconclusive, as few studies reported this information. Results were robust when publication bias, publication year, and study quality were assessed.
Conclusions
There is evidence that children with LLDs report higher internalizing and externalizing problems than controls do. Children with language disorders seemed more vulnerable to report more internalizing problems, and clinical samples reported higher problems than those with difficulties. For clinical practice, assessment and interventions should target socioemotional skills to support the psychological well‐being of children with LLDs.
•We examined behavioral and psychological problems among adolescents in South Korea.•Multicultural family youths were at risk of substance use, depression and suicide.•North Korean family youths had ...a higher risk than other multicultural family youths.•Educational and preventive interventions are necessary for these high-risk youths.
This study was aimed to investigate the health risk behaviors and psychological problems among North Korean, other multicultural, and South Korean family adolescents. The data were collected from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior web-based survey (2011–2016) data set. A total of 17,195 adolescents (mean age 14.65 ± 0.01 years) were analyzed to compare health risk behaviors and psychological problems among the three groups. Concerning risk behaviors, multicultural family adolescents showed a higher rate of alcohol use, smoking, drug use and sexual relations compared to South Korean family adolescents. Moreover, North Korean family adolescents were more likely to experience those risk behaviors than other multicultural family adolescents. Concerning psychological problems, multicultural family youth displayed more depressed mood, and more suicidal ideation, planning, and attempts when compared with South Korean family youth. Among multicultural families, North Korean family adolescents were more depressed and showed higher suicidality. School-based education and preventive interventions are necessary to manage risk behaviors and psychological difficulties of adolescents in North Korean and other multicultural families.
Background: The negative impact of anxiety on the mother is changes in the behavior of pregnant women such as diet, lifestyle or physical activity, resulting in labor complications, anxiety problems ...in the puerperium period. While the impact on the baby such as stunted fetal growth, preterm birth, asphyxia, Low Birth Weight (LBW) and can even cause death in the baby.
Objective: To review scientific evidence based on published articles related to the health behavior of pregnant women with psychological problems and disorders.
Methods: This research method was a scoping review, using PEO framework. Literature search used PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, and grey literature using Google Scholar and Research Rabbit. Articles were critically appraised by using JBI and MMAT critical appraisal tools.
Results: There were 7 articles out of 7,796 that were relevant to the research objectives. The articles come from 4 developed countries and 3 developing countries. Three themes were found namely health behavior, the impact of anxiety, and stress reduction strategy.
Conclusion: Based on the 7 articles obtained, the health behavior of pregnant women is in accordance with the objective are knowing compliance with ANC visits in pregnant women, knowing health behavior related to consumption of nutritious food in pregnant women, knowing the physical activity of pregnant women with psychological problems and disorders.
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