The contemporary security environment is undergoing periodical radical changes in which more and more diversified threats are emerging, determining that the age in which we live is marked by crises ...of a different nature. That is why the use of intelligence has become a concern of military and political decision makers, especially in terms of its integration into combat functions to ensure and maintain a high combat capability and thus the combat power necessary to achieve objectives/mission. The peculiarities and specific features of modern/contemporary military conflicts, as well as the influence of technological evolution or, as specialists call it, the revolution in military affairs has led to changes including in the field of military intelligence, which is essential to keep up with the present and anticipate the future. These changes have led to changes in the place and role of military intelligence in the military phenomenon, changes in doctrines, techniques, tactics and procedures, and the readjustment of requirements to the changes applied. Military intelligence structures must be conceptually integrated and not only with the other collection capabilities of the National Defence System, Public Order and National Security.
METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING A SECURITY ENVIRONMENT Borovyk, Oleh; Kupriienko, Dmytro; Bratko, Artem ...
Journal of Liberty and International Affairs (Bitola),
12/2023, Volume:
9, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The research conducted in this article is a substantiation of the method for strategic management of the development of the Ukrainian border security environment. The essence of the method is to ...determine the phases for the current state and the projected period for particular sectors of the state border, depending on their inherent characteristics, further selecting the concept of border security on this basis, establishing the type of barriers and criteria for ensuring border security that are appropriate for use. Further application of the methodology involves conducting a SWOT analysis for particular sectors of the state border, which identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the internal environment, opportunities and threats inherent in the external environment, and the formation of possible strategies for ensuring border security in three variants of organizing activities (in the conditions of day-to-day activities, a complication of the situation and martial law). Based on the results of the analysis and the illustrative example, it can be concluded that the proposed method for strategic management of the development of Ukraine’s border security environment is one of the possible effective mechanisms in the activities of the subjects ensuring Ukraine’s border security.
The world is in a second nuclear age in which regional powers play an increasingly prominent role. These states have small nuclear arsenals, often face multiple active conflicts, and sometimes have ...weak institutions. How do these nuclear states-and potential future ones-manage their nuclear forces and influence international conflict? Examining the reasoning and deterrence consequences of regional power nuclear strategies, this book demonstrates that these strategies matter greatly to international stability and it provides new insights into conflict dynamics across important areas of the world such as the Middle East, East Asia, and South Asia.
Vipin Narang identifies the diversity of regional power nuclear strategies and describes in detail the posture each regional power has adopted over time. Developing a theory for the sources of regional power nuclear strategies, he offers the first systematic explanation of why states choose the postures they do and under what conditions they might shift strategies. Narang then analyzes the effects of these choices on a state's ability to deter conflict. Using both quantitative and qualitative analysis, he shows that, contrary to a bedrock article of faith in the canon of nuclear deterrence, the acquisition of nuclear weapons does not produce a uniform deterrent effect against opponents. Rather, some postures deter conflict more successfully than others.
Nuclear Strategy in the Modern Eraconsiders the range of nuclear choices made by regional powers and the critical challenges they pose to modern international security.
In the complex and controversial security environment characterized by dynamic changes and the trend of increasing resource limitation, there is the disbalance between the projected capabilities and ...the maintenance of the existing ones on the one hand, and on the other - the need for the defense capabilities to be adaptable to the parameters of the changing environment. This necessitates compliance to one of the fundamental principles for enhancing the effectiveness of the defense policy - the principle of improving management as a process and structure for the management of defense resources and related defense products. Moreover, maintaining a stable level of defense spending as a proportion of gross domestic product, is the basis for building the necessary defense capabilities in accordance to the imperatives of the modern armed forces. It is of utmost importance to achieve a balance in the correlation “resources-capabilities-effects”. This, in a security environment which is marked by terrorism provoked by the actions of the “Islamic State” and the permanent threat they impose, by the migration flows that create conditions for serious alteration of the morals and traditions of the “Old continent” and its economic stability, by the danger of spreading and instilling radical Islamism and “redrawing” of state borders, and by hybrid war, is the challange which provokes the scientific research of the author.
The purpose of this paper is to examine and critically evaluate a new US initiative called Creating an Environment for Nuclear Disarmament (CEND), which was launched in 2018. CEND's main argument is ...that in order to achieve nuclear disarmament it is necessary to improve the international security environment considering a geopolitical point of view. The research question here is "Is CEND useful for promoting nuclear disarmament or for providing a pretext for not working for nuclear disarmament?" First, this paper will introduce the US proposals on this initiative to understand clearly and precisely its contents and intentions, and then survey the argument at the Preparatory Committee for the NPT Review Conference in 2019 to understand well the arguments for and against the new initiative. In the third section, two meetings for the CEND held in 2019 will be introduced. The fourth section will precisely analyze the contents of CEND's arguments using the following four criteria: (i) the relationship between nuclear disarmament and security; (ii) the relationship between nuclear disarmament and nuclear non-proliferation; (iii) the abandonment of the step-by-step approach; and, (iv) the abandonment of the undertakings of the previous NPT review conferences. The fifth section will consist of an evaluation of the contents of the new initiative by some experts. Finally, this paper will conclude with a critical analysis of the initiative and recommend pursuing nuclear disarmament and security simultaneously.
Youth participation in agricultural entrepreneurship (agripreneurship) is vital to the sustainable and inclusive modernisation of agrarian societies. We analysed relationships between demographic ...factors and motivational antecedents of intention to practise small and medium-scale agripreneurship using survey data collected from undergraduate students in the Lao People's Democratic Republic. Gender significantly influenced attitudes, family occupational background influenced subjective norms, and place of origin influenced perceived behavioural control: three constructs hypothesised to drive intention according to the theory of planned behaviour.
Although students with commercial agriculture/agribusiness family occupational backgrounds were found to have a greater intention to practise agripreneurship than students without, students with subsistence farming family occupational backgrounds were not. Commercialisation of agriculture in Laos therefore requires better engagement of youth from subsistence farming households, as this group has the most to contribute and is at the greatest risk of missing the benefits of modernisation.
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