Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with disease in clinical remission might show subclinical synovitis, which can be related to the progress of structural joint damage.
To determine and compare the ...degree of synovial inflammation by ultrasound (US) in patients with RA in clinical remission, treated with DMARD or combination therapy with DMARD and anti-TNF.
Hospital-based cross-sectional study of 58 patients with RA in sustained remission for at least 6 months by DAS28 <2.6, who attended the Rheumatology Service at the Hospital Universitario de Caracas. Patients underwent clinical, functional, and laboratory assessments. Ultrasound was performed in hands measuring synovial effusion, synovial hypertrophy and power Doppler signal; using a semiquantitative 4-point scale of 0=none to 3=severe. Chi-square and t-test were used to compare the clinical, functional, laboratory and US assessments between the DMARD (N=37) and combination therapy with DMARD and anti-TNF (N=21) groups. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Out of 58 patients, 25.9% had remission by US and 74.1% had synovial effusion or hypertrophy or positive power Doppler signal. Non-significant differences in US synovitis between the two groups were found.
Persistent US activity was evident in a high percentage of rheumatoid arthritis patients in clinical remission by DAS28. No differences in subclinical synovitis measured by US were found between patients with DMARD and anti-TNF-induced clinical remission.
To evaluate by ultrasonography the effect of chondroitin sulfate (CS) on synovitis in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). To collaborate in the understanding of the biochemical mechanisms ...involved in the synovial inflammation process.
Randomized, single-blind, controlled trial involving 70 patients with primary KOA treated for 6 months with CS or acetaminophen (ACT). Evaluation of KOA status at baseline, 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months included: ultrasonography to assess synovitis (following the OMERACT expertise group definition), visual analogue scale and Lequesne index to measure pain and function, and ELISA to quantify inflammatory mediators in serum and synovial fluid.
Synovitis presence was reduced by 50% in the CS group while a 123% increase was observed in ACT group. Conversely, patients without initial synovitis and treated with ACT reached 85.71% synovitis onset, but only 25% in CS group. Both therapies improved articular function, but only CS resulted in significant pain improvement at the end of the treatment. Changes in RANTES and UCN synovial fluid concentration were associated with CS treatment.
Treatment with CS had a sustained beneficial effect, preventing synovitis onset or reducing its presence as well as reducing KOA symptoms. ACT ameliorated clinical symptoms but had no effect on inflammation. The CS anti-inflammatory effect could be related to the observed changes in RANTES and UCN concentration.
Evaluar mediante ecografía el efecto del condroitín sulfato (CS) en la sinovitis de pacientes con artrosis (OA) de rodilla, y colaborar en el conocimiento de los mecanismos bioquímicos involucrados en la inflamación sinovial.
Estudio controlado, aleatorizado, ciego simple de 70 pacientes con OA de rodilla tratados durante 6 meses con CS o paracetamol (PCT). Los pacientes fueron visitados a tiempo basal, a las 6 semanas, y a los 3 y 6 meses para valorar el estado de su OA según los siguientes parámetros: sinovitis evaluada mediante ecografía (según definición de expertos OMERACT); dolor y función, mediante la escala visual analógica y el índice de Lequesne; y concentración de mediadores inflamatorios en suero y líquido sinovial, mediante ELISA.
El tratamiento con CS redujo en un 50% el número de individuos que presentaban sinovitis; sin embargo, se observó un incremento de un 123% en el grupo tratado con PCT. En los pacientes sin sinovitis inicial, se observó el establecimiento de esta en un 85,71 y 25% de los casos tratados con PCT y CS, respectivamente. Ambas terapias mejoraron la función articular, pero únicamente el tratamiento con CS produjo una mejora significativa del dolor al final del tratamiento. Se observó una asociación entre el tratamiento con CS y los cambios en la concentración de RANTES y UCN en el líquido sinovial.
El tratamiento con CS tiene un efecto mantenido beneficioso, previniendo la aparición de sinovitis o disminuyendo su presencia, así como reduciendo los síntomas de la artrosis. El PCT también mejora los síntomas clínicos, pero no tiene ningún efecto sobre la inflamación. Las variaciones observadas en la concentración de RANTES y UCN podrían estar relacionadas con el efecto antiinflamatorio asociado al tratamiento con CS.
Anormalidades ultrasonográficas se describen con cierta frecuencia en articulaciones de sujetos asintomáticos, las cuales generan incertidumbre en el contexto de evaluación y tratamiento de la ...enfermedad articular inflamatoria; a pesar de ello, en Colombia no existen estudios al respecto y la evidencia disponible es escasa, hecha en un bajo número de participantes y con transductores menores a 18MHz en su gran mayoría.
Describir los hallazgos ultrasonográficos articulares en manos y pies de un grupo de voluntarios asintomáticos, su asociación con las características sociodemográficas y la concordancia intra e interobservador de sus mediciones.
Estudio descriptivo y analítico en el que se incluyeron 182 voluntarios asintomáticos. Dos médicos con experiencia en ecografía musculoesquelética evaluaron el aspecto dorsal de 5.460 recesos articulares mediante la escala semicuantitativa de Szkudlarek y la utilización de un transductor lineal de 18MHz.
La mediana de edad de los participantes fue de 42 años, 60,4% de ellos mujeres. En 87% de los voluntarios se identificaron en total 232 hallazgos, el 68,1% correspondió a derrame articular, 29,3% a hipertrofia sinovial, 2,1% a erosiones y 0,4% a Doppler de poder. Los pies mostraron mayores hallazgos que las manos (70,7% vs. 29,3%). Las articulaciones en las que más se identificaron anormalidades fue la primera articulación metatarsofalángica (52%), la tercera metatarsofalángica (15%) y la radiocarpiana (9,5%). Se halló relación positiva entre el derrame articular y la hipertrofia sinovial con la edad, ocupación manual exclusiva y tiempo laboral mayor de 10 años. La concordancia intraobservador fue moderada (Kappa=0,4591) y la interobservador fue leve (Kappa=0,2155).
La ausencia de señal Doppler de poder, el no compromiso radioulnar distal, la ausencia de sinovitis acompañada de erosión y una mayor predominancia de alteraciones leves al nivel de las manos, sumado a la ausencia de hallazgos al nivel de la quinta articulación metatarsiana, constituyen hallazgos potencialmente específicos de sujetos asintomáticos que merecen ser confirmados como tal en futuros estudios.
Ultrasound (US) abnormalities have often been described in the joints of asymptomatic subjects, which may lead to uncertainty in the evaluation and treatment of inflammatory joint disease. Despite this, the available evidence is scarce, with few participants, and in the vast majority with transducers less than 18Mhz. In Colombia there are currently no published studies about this topic.
To describe the ultrasound findings in hand and foot joints in asymptomatic volunteers, their association with sociodemographic characteristics, and intra- and interobserver concordance of the measurements.
Descriptive and analytical study within 182 asymptomatic volunteers. Two physicians with musculoskeletal ultrasound experience evaluated the dorsal aspect of 5460 articular recesses using the semi-quantitative scale of Szkudlarek using a 18MHz linear transducer.
The median age of the participants was 42 years, including 60.4% women. A total of 232 abnormal findings were identified in 87% of the volunteers, with 68.1% corresponding to joint effusion, 29.3% synovial hypertrophy, 2.1% erosions, and 0.4% positive power Doppler. The feet evaluation showed more findings than the hands (70.7 vs. 29.3%). The joints in which most abnormalities were identified were the first metatarsophalangeal joint (52%), third metatarsophalangeal joint (15%), and radiocarpal joint (9.5%). A positive association was found between joint effusion and synovial hypertrophy with age, exclusive manual activity, and occupation for more than ten years. The intra-observer concordance was moderate (Kappa=.4591) and the inter-observer was low (Kappa=.2155).
The absence of power Doppler signal, the absence of abnormalities in distal radioulnar, the absence of synovitis accompanied by erosion, and a greater predominance of mild alterations in the hand joints, added to the absence of findings in the fifth metatarsal joint, can be potential specific findings of asymptomatic subjects and might be confirmed in future studies.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease of uncertain aetiology, which is characterized primarily by synovial inflammation with secondary skeletal destructions.Rheumatoid Arthritis is ...diagnosed by the presence of four of the seven diagnostic criteria, defined by The American College of Rheumatology.Approximately half a million adults in the United Kingdom suffer from rheumatoid arthritis with an age prevalence between the second and fourth decades of life; annually approximately 20,000 new cases are diagnosed.The management of Rheumatoid Arthritis is complex; in the initial phase of the disease it primarily depends on pharmacological management. With disease progression, surgical input to correct deformity comes to play an increasingly important role. The treatment of this condition is also intimately coupled with input from both the occupational therapists and physiotherapy.
Tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) is locally aggressive entity affecting young people (around 4
decade of life) and can cause joint destruction. It could be nodular or diffuse. These two ...varieties are histological and genetically similar, but present a different prognosis. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors for local recurrence and predisposing factors for the development of early osteoarthritis in patients with TGCT.
We conducted a retrospective study of 35 patients with an anatomopathological diagnosis of TGCT in our Institution from 1991 to 2017. The mean follow-up was 8.2 years. Demographic variables, characteristics of the primary tumor and its evolution were collected to assess the risk factors for local recurrence and early osteoarthritis.
The diffuse type was identified as a risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis (p=0.01) and for local recurrence (p=0.015). Osteoarthritis was more frequent in the hip and ankle than in the knee (p=0.03). A difference of 16 months in the duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis between those who developed osteoarthritis and those who did not was observed (p=0.05).
The diffuse type is more aggressive than the nodular type; it is associated with a higher risk of osteoarthritis and local recurrence. The hip and ankle present a higher risk of osteoarthritis than other joints. The time of evolution of the symptoms before diagnosis and adequate treatment, negatively influences the development of osteoarthritis.
El compromiso de la muñeca es común en la artritis reumatoide. Pacientes con persistencia de dolor e inflamación, a pesar de tratamiento farmacológico, son candidatos para cirugía. El objetivo de ...este artículo es mostrar aspectos médico-quirúrgicos e indicaciones y tipos de cirugías, en una muñeca reumatoidea.
Las palabras clave escogidas en español e inglés fueron: mano o muñeca reumática, artritis reumatoidea y mano, artritis reumatoidea y muñeca, radiosinovectomía-artritis reumatoidea y en artritis. Finalmente, se escogieron 52 artículos.
Cuando no hay buena respuesta al tratamiento farmacológico antes de pasar al tratamiento quirúrgico, la infiltración local de corticoides y la radiosinovectomía pueden ser usadas.
Las sinovectomías y tenosinovectomías dan alivio sintomático y mejoran la función a corto plazo. Los tendones extensores y flexores pueden romperse por la infiltración sinovial y la irritación ocasionada por protuberancias óseas, como la subluxación dorsal del cúbito.
Cuando hay roturas tendinosas se recurre a injertos o transferencias tendinosas. Inestabilidades del carpo, artritis severa y daño articular a menudo requieren cirugías óseas. La articulación radiocubital distal suele verse afectada inicialmente y los procedimientos de Sauvé-Kapandji o la técnica de Darrach funcionan bien en esta articulación.
La artrodesis parcial radiocarpiana da estabilidad a la articulación más comprometida, respetando la mediocarpiana y conservando cierta movilidad. Cuando hay una artrosis global, la artrodesis total de muñeca brinda buenos resultados en cuanto al alivio del dolor y estabilidad.
La artroplastia total de muñeca es una alternativa que preserva el movimiento; sus resultados a largo plazo están por verse.
Wrist involvement is common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Patients with persistent pain and swelling despite medical therapy are candidates for surgery.
The aim of this paper is to describe medical aspects and indications and types of surgeries in a rheumatoid wrist.
The keywords chosen in Spanish and English were rheumatoid hand or wrist, rheumatoid arthritis and hand or wrist rheumatoid arthritis, radiosynovectomy in rheumatoid arthritis or arthritis. Finally 52 articles were selected.
When there is not good response to medical treatment before going to surgery, local infiltration of corticosteroids and radiosynovectomy can be used.
The synovectomy and tenosynovectomy give symptomatic relief and improve function in the short term. Extensor and flexor tendons may rupture due to synovial infiltration and irritation caused by bone prominences, such as ulnar head subluxation.
When tendon ruptures occur, tendon grafts or tendon transfers are the solution. Carpal instability, severe arthritis and joint damage often require stabilization surgery on the bones.
The distal radioulnar joint often initially affected, procedures like Sauvé-Kapandji technique or Darrach go great in this joint.
The partial arthrodesis radio-carpal offers stability in the involved joint, respecting and preserving in the medio-carpal joint some mobility. When there is already a global osteoarthritis, total wrist fusion provides good results in relieving pain and stability.
Total wrist arthroplasty is an alternative that preserves the movement; however the long-term results remain to be seen.
Lipoma arborescens é uma condição rara de moléstia intra-articular, usualmente monoarticular, caracterizada por extensa proliferação dos vilos sinoviais e hiperplasia da gordura subsinovial. O tecido ...sinovial é progressivamente substituído por células maduras de gordura na membrana sinovial. O presente trabalho é o relato de caso de uma condição rara de lipoma arborescens tanto intra-articular (glenoumeral) como da bursa subacromial-subdeltoide além de ruptura do tendão do supraespinhoso. As apresentações clínicas, histológicas e radiográficas assim como o tratamento são discutidos no presente estudo. A apresentação do caso contempla também a avaliação radiográfica, ressonância magnética e exame patológico. Apesar do lipoma arborescens ser uma condição rara, tal hipótese deve ser considerada frente a um caso com hiperproliferação sinovial e lipossubstituição da sinovial.Lipoma arborescens is a rare intra-articular disease that is usually monoarticular and is characterized by extensive proliferation of the synovial villi and hyperplasia of the subsynovial fat. The synovial tissue is progressively replaced by mature fat cells in the synovial membrane. The present study reports a case of a rare condition of lipoma arborescens that was simultaneously intra-articular (glenohumeral joint) and in the subacromial-subdeltoid bursa, in association with a torn supraspinatus tendon. The clinical, histological and radiographic presentations and treatment are discussed here. The description of this case includes radiographic and magnetic resonance evaluations and pathological examination. Although lipoma arborescens is a rare condition, it should be taken into consideration in cases presenting synovial hyperproliferation and synovial fat replacement.
Presentación de paciente con Sinovitis Vellonodular Pigmentada forma difusa localizada en Rodilla izquierda y extensión a los músculos gastronemios, varón, 42 años de edad, consulto por dolor e ...inflamación de tres años de evolución. Se palpo induración de 10 x 8 centímetros, dura, adherida a planos profundos en región posterior de pantorrilla. Resultado de medios diagnósticos: Radiológico, aumento de volumen de partes blandas de rodilla y pantorrilla izquierda. Se observan quistes subcondrales. Ultrasonido, acumulo de líquido sinovial en bolsa subcuadricipital, cambios degenerativos. Parte posterior de pantorrilla masa compleja con zonas de induración de aspecto tumoral que alternan con quísticas de contenido líquido, tabicados, siendo negativo al estudio citológico y bacteriológico del líquido, excepto elevado número de pigmentos de hemosiderina. Estudio anatomopatológico de tejido obtenido informa: material constituido por abundantes macrófagos con pigmentos en su interior, linfocitos maduros y abundantes células gigantes.
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