Studying the perceptions of the therapists and the clients on the meaning of psychotherapy is important because through them one can grasp some of the realities of therapy that cannot be studied ...through conventional quantitative research. Reintroducing a phenomenological perspective may further ease our understanding of psychotherapy in general. In this study, the action of giving significance to one’s experience is used to describe the perceptions of the psychotherapists (N=137) and the clients (N=103). The analysis used in the study, a version of grounded theory research, revealed that when it comes to the significance given to therapy, psychotherapists and clients tend to have similar opinions. The categories found in the clients verbatim were self-knowledge, personal development, answer, help, healing and others and in therapists’ responses were: self-knowledge, healing, solution, personal development, change and others. The different themes were help for the clients and change for therapists. The difference in the analysed categories is a conceptual one, psychotherapists tending to be more idealistic in their meaning giving process than clients.
The impressive increase in the active participation of female employees in business life around the world can be accepted as a result of the changes and developments in the cultural and economic ...structure. When considered in terms of women's participation in business life, business life for women contains many gains and obstacles. The rise of women, whose active participation in business life has increased in recent years, to management levels is not at the same rate. This is due to many reasons, but research shows that women are not promoted to senior positions due to the invisible glass ceiling effect. The glass ceiling characterizes the invisible and artificial barriers that prevent women from moving up the corporate ladder to managerial and managerial positions, ignoring their success and merit.
In our study, the concept of female workforce, glass ceiling syndrome and its characteristics were examined theoretically and 51 professionals who were members of the Sakarya Cooks and Pastry Association were interviewed. Ardahan University Academic Ethics Committee permission was obtained for the study. The results obtained through the semi-structured interview form created through Google Forms due to the pandemic conditions were examined with the phenomenological analysis method. According to the results obtained, the perceptions and attitudes of female and male employees towards the glass ceiling syndrome were evaluated and some suggestions were made to overcome these obstacles by revealing the obstacles that women face in business life.
Reconsidering Migration and Class Van Hear, Nicholas
The International migration review,
09/2014, Volume:
48, Issue:
s1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
While once a mainstay of social science, class has lately been eclipsed in much of migration studies by consideration of other forms of social difference, affinity, and allegiance such as ethnicity, ...gender, generation, and lately religion. This article puts the case for renewing attention on the part class plays in shaping migration – particularly who is able to move and to where. It argues that the form of migration and ultimately its outcomes are shaped by the resources that would‐be migrants can muster and that in turn the capacity to mobilize such resources is largely determined by socio‐economic background or class. Drawing on Bourdieu, class can be conceived in terms of the disposal of different forms of capital – economic, social, and cultural. Having access to combinations of such capital shapes the routes and channels migrants can follow, the destinations they can reach, and their life chances after migration. The article first reflects briefly on ideas of class in social science and sketches treatment of mobility in the migration literature, before considering the ways in which class, mobility, and immobility shape each other. The article concludes by considering the interplay between migration, class, and collective action among those who move and those who stay, against the background of broader currents of social change and transformation.
The aim of this study is to demonstrate whether the Kuznets Hypothesis states that there is an inverted-U relationship between economic growth and income inequality is valid for Turkey. The income ...inequality and gross domestic product data covering the 1964-2015 period have been obtained from the University of Texas Inequality Project and Penn World Table version 9.1, respectively. Besides, additional control variables used have been obtained from various data sources. ARDL bound test approach developed by Pesaran et al. (2001) has been employed to test the hypothesis and to reveal the presence of a long-term relationship between variables. Findings reveal that not only the Kuznets Hypothesis but also Kuznets fluctuations proposed by Milanovic (2018) are valid for Turkey. According to the result of the cointegration test based on the bound test approach, there is a long-term relationship between the variables.
One of the direct effect of current COVID-19 pandemic’ social distancing on an unspecified period of time urges us to compensate our lack of physical connection with our readiness in the online ...environments, especially social media platforms. Present research investigates to which extent the internet content awareness construct, difficulties in emotional regulation and online duality have an impact on predicting future helping attitudes of bystanders. In order to investigate the eligibility of this prediction model, our team has advanced the Erasmus+ funded project Hate’s Journey. In 2019, our research team has designed a multiple specific sections online questionnaire addressing 206 youth from Latvia, Turkey, Spain and Romania. We have used a multiple linear regression analysis. The obtained results validate our hypothesis, confirming that if an individual is characterized by a decreased internet content awareness, a high level of difficulties in emotional regulation and increased online duality, then there is a 37% probability that the youth bystanders will develop a lack of helping attitudes towards the victims when facing a digital hate speech context. Conclusions and implications regarding to the current pandemic social distancing and digital closeness effects over the prosocial behaviour are discussed.
•People ascribed most importance to ecosystem services that directly support material wellbeing.•Cultural ecosystem services rated lower, but important in qualitative narratives.•Wealth, education, ...and gender shaped differences in importance ascribed to ecosystem services.•In interviews, people express normative and relational values about ecosystem services.•Narratives can highlight less tangible cultural aspects like care and identity.
Coastal ecosystems support the livelihoods and wellbeing of millions of people worldwide. However, the marine and terrestrial ecosystem services that coastal ecosystems provide are particularly vulnerable to global environmental change, as are the coastal communities who directly depend on them. To navigate these changes and ensure the wellbeing of coastal communities, policy-makers must know which coastal ecosystem services matter to whom, and why. Yet, in developing coastal settings, capturing people’s perceptions of the importance of ecosystem services is challenging for several reasons. Firstly, coastal ecosystem services encompass both terrestrial and marine services across multiple categories (i.e. provisioning, supporting, and cultural) that are difficult to value together. Secondly, widely used monetary valuation techniques are often inappropriate because of culturally specific attributions of value, and the intangible nature of key cultural ecosystem services. Thirdly, people within communities may hold different ecosystem services values. In this paper, we examine how people ascribe and explain the importance of a range of marine and terrestrial ecosystem services in three coastal communities in Papua New Guinea. We use a mixed-methods approach that combines a non-monetary ranking and rating assessment of multiple ecosystem services, with a socio-economic survey (N = 139) and qualitative explanations of why ecosystem services matter. We find that people uniformly ascribe the most importance to marine and terrestrial provisioning services that directly support their livelihoods and material wellbeing. However, within communities, gender, wealth, and years of formal schooling do shape some differences in how people rate ecosystem services. In addition, although cultural ecosystem services were often rated lower, people emphasized that they ranked provisioning services highly, in part, because of their contribution to cultural values like bequest. People also expressed concern about extractive ecosystem services, like fuelwood, that were perceived to be destructive, and were rated low. We contend that comprehensive ecosystem services assessments that include narratives can capture the broad importance of a range of ecosystem services, alongside relational values and normative judgements. This exploratory approach is a useful step towards understanding the complexities of ecosystem services in developing coastal settings.
The article attempts to check whether there is spatial regularity in the relationship between the model of agricultural and productive use of allotment gardens and the leisure and recreational model. ...The article also presents socio-demographic features of users nowadays defining the use of plots in gardens. The objectives were achieved by means of a direct inventory and a questionnaire survey conducted among users of five gardens: one located in Łódź and four located in the western part of the suburban zone of Łódź. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the farther from the center of Łódź, the less dominant the leisure and recreational model was. In addition, it was found that the users’ professional activity and age are the sociodemographic features which today determine the way of using plots in gardens.
In this article, the focus is on some aspects of the feminist problem area, the purpose of the investigation being "new", in this respect. Therefore, the investigation topic is distinct for feminist ...research. The claim that feminism has in sociology important results in grounding some critical positions against the major sociological theories, proposing interesting theorisations of gender or bringing to the fore seemingly minor/invisible themes in traditional sociology, is, to a large extent, accepted, which is also noted in our study.
Aim of the study. Swinging is a relatively new phenomenon in Poland. Due to this reason, a number of ethical and psychological questions have grown around the issue. The aim of the following research ...is to investigate the effects of jealousy on the people involved in swinging. Material and methods. The 49 people involved in exchanging partners have been examined. Only 28 of them met the proper criteria of swinging. The research used the author’s own questionnaire concerning jealousy. Results. Most of the participants involved in swinging, regardless of their gender, feel jealous of their partner (60.7%) and know that he/she also feels the same (75.0%). Furthermore, a significant number of participants declare that knowing that their partner is jealous gives them pleasure (53.6%). Conclusions. The group of Polish swingers is no different from the group of swingers described in the studies carried out abroad in terms of disclosure and understanding of jealousy.
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