We find that CEOs with more favorable surnames receive significantly higher compensation. The estimated effect of surname favorability is unique and incremental to the documented effects of various ...firm, board, and CEO characteristics. CEOs with French or German surnames receive significantly lower compensation after the French and German governments' opposition to the Iraq war. Surname favorability is not associated with corporate investments, disclosure policies, or firm performances. The results are more pronounced for professional (i.e., non-founder) or short-tenured CEOs and for firms with lower institutional ownership. Surname favorability reduces the likelihood of forced CEO turnover following poor stock performance but is not associated with a CEO's self-serving behaviors. Our results suggest that the effect of surname favorability is attributable to inefficient contracting by the board of directors. Our findings have implications for corporate stakeholders who have committed to the efficient contracting of CEO compensations.
Surname Sampling Kim, Jibum; Lauderdale, Diane S.; Shin, Hee-Choon ...
Field methods,
02/2014, Volume:
26, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
In 1984, Shin and Yu proposed that sampling Koreans by simply identifying those with the common surname Kim would yield a representative sample, as determined by geographic distribution. We extend ...the evidence that individuals with specific common surnames in Korea are representative of the whole population. We found that individuals with any of the five most common Korean surnames, not just Kim, were highly representative in Korea in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes, and health characteristics. In the United States, we found that Kim sampling produces a representative sample of Korean Americans among those who have a Korean surname. While Kim sampling generates a representative sample of Korean American men, it underidentifies Korean American women who grew up in the United States, many of whom do not have Korean surnames, thus potentially biasing samples of women.
This article analyses main trends in the study of Ukrainian surnames from the period between the late seventeenth and the early twenty-first centuries. It points out the topicality of research on ...regional anthroponymy and its contribution to the development of studies on dialects, lexis, word formation and other issues in linguistics. Proper names contain a wealth of linguistic and historical information on realities of a nation or a particular region. The analysed material demonstrates that scholars investigating Ukrainian surnames have devoted considerable attention to the formation and development of the Ukrainian anthroponymic system, the functioning of anthroponyms in language, and the origin and semantics of personal names. They have identified the main stages in the formation of Ukrainian surnames and outlined the development of their role as a sign common to all members of a family, focusing in particular on the processes that have fostered the formation and development of the Ukrainian surname system. They have also examined the lexical basis of surnames, and identified the most productive lexical groups in this regard. The article presents the state of research on the classification of Ukrainian surnames according to their motivation features and means of their formation. It also sketches the prospects of further studies on Ukrainian anthroponomy. It points out that as yet there is no full register of Ukrainian surnames, and that some of the materials collected in particular regions have only been presented in dissertations and are often kept in private files of the researchers.
•Self-relevant effect of strangers who have no explicit social relevance with participants but sharing the same surname was found.•This self-relevant effect was observed in both two stages of ...attention orienting responses.•These findings expand our understanding of the significant social adaptive value of surname in Chinese culture.
Stimuli that have been frequently used to induce self-relevant processing are highly familiar to individuals (e.g., self-name SN and self-face). One’s surname is an important form of collective self-concept; it represents the line of ancestry, and is psychologically salient. According to this concept, a stranger with the same surname may also elicit salient self-relevant processing, despite unfamiliarity; however, this has not yet been directly investigated. The present study adopted a three-stimulus oddball paradigm and multimodal electroencephalography to study the potential self-relevant processing of such stimuli. Behavioral results indicated that same-surname unfamiliar (SSU) names were rated more self-relevant than different-surname unfamiliar (DSU) names, although they were rated equally unfamiliar to subjects. Analysis of EEG data showed similar P2 enhancement in response to SN and SSU when compared to DSU. In contrast, the self-relevant effect on P3 amplitudes and theta synchronization decreased linearly from SN, SSU, to DSU conditions. Thus, both the behavioral and electrophysiological data indicate that unfamiliar names with the same surname can evoke reliable self-relevant processing.
There are an estimated 460,000 Armenians in the United States, and more than half live in California. Armenian-Americans are generally represented within the 'White' or 'Some Other Race' race ...categories in population-based research studies. While Armenians have been included in studies focused on Middle-Eastern populations, there are no studies focused exclusively on Armenians due to a lack of standardized collection of Armenian ethnicity in the United States or an Armenian surname list. To fill this research gap, we sought to construct and evaluate an Armenian Surname List (ASL) for use as an identification tool in public health and epidemiological research studies focused on Armenian populations.
Data sources for the ASL included the California Public Use Death Files (CPUDF) and the Middle Eastern Surname List (MESL). For evaluation of the ASL, the California Cancer Registry (CCR) database was queried for surnames with birthplace in Armenia and identified by the MESL.
There are a total of 3,428 surnames in the ASL. Nearly half (1,678) of surnames in the ASL were not identified by the MESL. The ASL captured 310 additional Armenian surnames in the CCR than the MESL.
The ASL is the first surname list for identifying Armenians in major databases for epidemiological research.
•Analysts with more favorable surnames elicit stronger market reactions to their forecast revisions.•The favorability of an analyst's surname is not related to his or her forecast quality.•The ...favorability of an analyst's surname has complementary effects with forecasting performance.•The effect of surname favorability is not subsumed by the effect of cultural or ethnic proximity, or in-group bias.
We find that forecast revisions by analysts with more favorable surnames elicit stronger market reactions. The effect is stronger among firms with lower institutional ownership and for analysts with non-American first names. Following the 9/11 terrorist attacks, and France and Germany's opposition to the Iraq War, revisions by analysts with Middle Eastern and French or German surnames, respectively, generated weaker market reaction. Surname favorability is not associated with forecast quality, but it has complementary effects with forecast performance on analysts’ career outcomes. Surname favorability mitigates under-reaction to forecast revisions. These findings are distinct from the effects of ethnic, cultural proximity, or in-group bias.
In recent years, approximately 200 cases of patient misidentification have been annually reported; therefore, the accuracy of patient confirmation is important. At the Yamanashi Red Cross Hospital ...located in the Fuji Five Lakes area, it was noticed that there are many specific identical surnames in the same ward and outpatient department daily. This uneven distribution of surnames may affect medical accidents. Therefore, this study investigated the proportion of patient’ surnames examined at the target facility, compared the situation of patient misidentification with the entire country, and clarified the actual situation of patient misidentification in the Fuji Five Lakes area. Moreover, this study covers and compares the nationwide data from January 2014 to December 2018 and January 2010 to December 2018 with patient misidentification status and surname ratio. Two-sample test for proportions and Fisher’s exact test were used for statistical analysis. There were 84 patient misidentifications in this study, of which, 22 （26.2％） were due to identical surnames. There were 1,791 patient misidentifications nationwide. Of these, 175 （9.8％） misidentifications were due to identical surnames, and the proportion of patient misidentification due to identical surnames was significantly high in this study （P＜0.001）. Additionally, 9.5％ of the patients enrolled in this study facility had the surname “Watanabe,” and the number of patients with this surname was prominently large, demonstrating the uneven distribution of surnames by region. This study suggests that the incidence of patient misidentification due to identical surnames is higher in areas with many people having identical surnames.
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