Tax reliefs for employment of new residents Baturan, Luka; Milošević, Goran; Cvjetković-Ivetić, Cvjetana
Zbornik radova (Pravni fakultet u Novom Sadu),
2022, Volume:
56, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The paper analyzes the tax relief for employment of new residents. In the first two parts, there is a legal analysis of Art. 15c of the Law on Personal Income Tax and Art. 15a of the Law on ...Contributions for Mandatory Social Insurance. Then, this tax relief will be examined in the context of the principles of tax law and public finance, especially the principle of tax fairness, the principle of tax efficiency and the principle of the stability of the tax system. The conclusion is that the problem of the outflow of highly skilled workers could not be solved by partial reforms of tax laws. A systematic solution implies a radical reform of the personal income tax, which would be firmly based on the principles of tax law and tax science.
In an effort to limit the effects of the COVID-19 epidemic determined by restrictions in economic activity and various areas of social activity, the catalogue of preventive actions was expanded by ...tax and legal instruments in the form of income tax reliefs inclining taxpayers to certain behaviours. The reliefs entitle taxpayers to deduct the value of donations made for the purposes of counteracting COVID-19 from the tax base. Two types of such donations have been distinguished, i.e., donations for entities participating in the treatment of infected persons and donations for educational institutions providing remote education. The aim of this article is to establish the premises justifying the claim that the tax reliefs for donations made by income tax payers are autonomous in relation to other tax preferences available to taxpayers making donations for other socially useful purposes. The hypothesis about the ad hoc and temporary nature of these tax reliefs has been verified as true, and the dominance of the motivating and stimulating function over their fiscal function has been demonstrated. Symmetrical solutions have been identified in the legal structure of the subject tax reliefs, as the donor uses a deduction from the tax base, while the recipient does not include the accepted donation in their income. The study uses the legal-dogmatic method and, in addition, the empirical analytical method to present the jurisprudence of courts in the field of applying tax reliefs due to donations made by income tax payers.
Abstract
Background
The article evaluates the influence of the type of nominal personal income tax rate on its progressivity. This is examined in the Czech Republic in the period 1993–2020. Between ...1993 and 2007, the nominal tax rate was progressive, while from 2008 until the end of 2020, the nominal rate was linear.
Objectives
The paper aims to analyse if the type of nominal tax rate affects personal income tax progressivity.
Methods/Approach
The article uses analysis, synthesis, comparison and regression analysis methods. The progressiveness of the tax obligation indicator is used to evaluate the degree of tax progressivity.
Results
In the context of the analysis of the degree of tax progressivity, personal income tax is more progressive in the period of validity of the nominal linear rate for taxpayers with incomes below the average wage level.
Conclusions
Since the linear rate has been in force, the government in the Czech Republic has often mistakenly presented that tax rate innovations will ensure that everyone pays the same tax.
This study contains a critical analysis of the judgment of the Voivodship Administrative Court in Rzeszów of 15th December 2015 (I SA/Rz 1090/15). In the Authors’ opinion the court wrongly ...interpreted the need for a strict interpretation of tax law in respect of the provisions implementing tax exemptions. In this study Authors claim that this view of the judges is not supported by the content of the current regulations and by doctrinal views.
In this paper the authors analyze legal and economic aspect of the tax reliefs related to solving housing issue in the Serbian system of personal income tax, i.e. capital gains tax. The aim of the ...paper is to analyze from the legal and economic viewpoint Serbian law related to the capital gains tax reliefs, problems in its implementation, as well as formulate appropriate de lege ferenda propositions. Due to its legal and economic disadvantages the authors suggest its repealing.
Pension policy and issues relating to the life of the elderly in an ageing Europe is one of the major areas that cannot be ignored. The severity of the pension issues is enhanced by the long-term ...demographic development and the associated question of financing the pension system. The paper is aimed at tax allowances, which are intended to support the old-age security in the form of voluntary and individual savings. In addition to their description, the ways of how these options are used by tax entities are clarified, too. The aim of the research is to assess the use of legislative tax tools leading to the increase in the effectiveness of the given measures. Methodically the research is based on the evaluation of secondary statistical data of the Czech Statistical Office and Financial Administration of the Czech Republic. The data are statistically backed up by primary research, which was carried out in 2016.
Tax reliefs are optional, but a very important element of the taxation system. This element is used for different purposes by a country’s government institutions. Tax reliefs are a form of tax ...expenditure that helps to reduce budget revenues. Tax reliefs influence individual and corporate financial behaviour and can have positive or negative effects on the economic and social factors. In the last few years, expansion of tax relief has attracted worldwide attention because of the fact that, after the global financial crisis, many countries are still suffering from fiscal deficits, and expansion of tax relief has not contributed to solving this problem. Tax reliefs are presupposed to be a fiscal policy tool of significance in various subsystems of public finances. The main aim of this article is to examine the impact of personal income tax reliefs on Lithuanian public finances. To achieve this aim, statistical information was systemized; Monte Carlo method was used to group data by horizontal rows and logical links analysed, which helped to evaluate the influence of tax reliefs on public finances. In the simulations, the Monte Carlo method helped to simulate random samples, which were then examined by adapting the conclusions of the theory of probability and mathematical statistics methods.
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