This study investigated how culture-specific items (CSIs) are translated in the Chinese-English food menu corpus. This overarching aim was divided into two specific objectives: identifying which ...procedures prevail in translating cultural items and determining what factors impinge on the selection of specific procedures. The analysis of the corpus was done descriptively and by utilizing “Sketch Engine.” The theoretical issues addressed in the study included the scope and definition of CSI, the categorization of procedures presented in the data for CSI translation, and the place of food items within the category of CSI. Results of the study indicated that neutralizing strategy is employed more than foreignizing and domesticating strategies, with the latter being last in descending order. The major factors identified were metonymical/metaphorical use of the CSI, brand, polysemous nature of source CSI, degree of cultural markedness, and false relationship of the ST item with the TT item. Correlations between some factors and procedures were moderately strong as their values were above 50 out of the ideal value (100). However, other correlations were weak and therefore requires further investigation.
A linguistic typology of American television Berber Sardinha, Tony; Veirano Pinto, Marcia
International journal of corpus linguistics,
02/2021, Volume:
26, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Abstract
This paper presents the first entirely linguistic typology of contemporary American television, derived from a multi-dimensional (MD) analysis of the USTV corpus. The USTV corpus comprises ...930 texts from 191 different TV programs, classified into 31 different registers (including nine telecinematic ones: drama series, miniseries, movies, sitcoms, soap operas, general animation, children’s animation, short-feature animation, and children’s and teens’ shows). The linguistic typology we present in this study is based on the linguistic characteristics present in the individual programs, with no a priori textual categorizations. A cluster analysis grouped the individual programs into clusters that shared similar dimensional profiles. The resulting typology comprises nine different text types – namely Presentation of information, Opinion and discussion, Analysis and debate, Description, Interactive recount, Engaging demonstration, Playful discourse, Simplified interaction, and Simulated conversation. The paper discusses and illustrates each text type and considers how telecinematic discourse relates to each of them.
In a literary text, the author aims to describe a fact and an event, to clarify a point or to prove a claim. According to these purposes and acts, the author’s text has different functions like ...descriptive, narrative, expository and argumentative text types. All these features can be only in a text. The story by Günther Weisenborn, one of contemporary German authors, “Two Mans” has some of these different text types at the same time. In this study, functions and types of the text are shown on the example of this story, in which social and personal realities are implied.
RESUMEN: El artículo se basa en el análisis de distintas aproximaciones a los objetos, procesos y enseñanza del pensamiento crítico, para proponer una taxonomía bidimensional. La primera dimensión se ...enfoca en las acciones generales y específicas relacionadas con los componentes centrales del pensamiento crítico, y plantea cinco dominios de acción: aplicación de lógica informal, resolución de problemas en las ciencias, resolución de problemas en la vida ciudadana, comprensión y creación de contenidos mediáticos y metacognición. La segunda dimensión ofrece un marco para la visualización sistematizada de las características formales de los distintos medios educativos que pueden apoyar el aprendizaje del pensamiento crítico, y se propone el uso de cinco tipologías textuales: narración, descripción, explicación, argumentación y diálogo. Adicionalmente se definen procedimientos concretos para la articulación de las dos dimensiones de la taxonomía en el análisis, clasificación y diseño de medios educativos dirigidos al desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento crítico.
Zusammenfassung
Trotz zunehmender Reglementierungen des Sprachraums im ›Dritten Reich‹ findet sich eine Vielzahl opponierender, resistierender und widerständischer Sprachhandlungen. Eine wichtige ...Strategie im durch das Aufeinanderprallen inkommensurabler Diskursarten entstehenden semantischen Kampf um Deutungsmuster ist die der Potenzierung möglicher Bedeutungszusammenhänge durch Veruneindeutigungen, Verschleierungen und andere Formen indirekter Kommunikation, um so widerständische Botschaften in den NS-Diskurs versuchsweise einschleusen zu können. Oft auf den Ebenen der Lexik oder der Äußerung untersucht, will dieser Aufsatz einen texttypologischen Beitrag zur Erschließung von Veruneindeutigungspotenzialen im ›Dritten Reich‹ leisten. Anhand der im linguistischen Forschungsdiskurs bisher nicht wahrgenommenen textuellen Gattung
Tarnschrift
sollen anhand ihrer spezifischen Charakteristika Möglichkeiten des Bedeutungsbruchs sowie der Bedeutungserweiterung und -destabilisierung reflektiert werden, um so dem bestehenden Forschungsdesiderat der Aufarbeitung widerständischer Kommunikationsstrategien wie textueller Zeugnisse zu begegnen.
This paper examines some basic theoretical concepts in order to identify a few useful aspects in the translation of medical texts. The main aim of this work is to introduce different textual ...typologies from the perspective of some well-known linguists and translation scholars such as: Anna Trosborg, Basil Hatim, Ian Mason, Albrecht Neubert, Katharina Reiss, and to establish the way in which textual typology influences the translation of the medical\pharmaceutical texts which represents the subject of my doctoral research. This will be done starting from the assumption that a text type allows the translator to recognize the function and purpose of the text as well as the author’s intention. Thus, the translator will inevitably resort to different techniques and strategies in order to successfully render the source text into the target language.We will define terms such as: text, discourse, genre, text type and text typology, identifying and explaining the relationships between these concepts and their implication for translation.
In this article, we investigate verbs of motion in discourse, adding a dimension that has not yet been explored in published literature — viz. the variation in representing motion across different ...registers. We take a functional- registerial approach and profile the representation of motion through space in four registers, which include six "spatial texts" (i.e. texts where motion through space is central) and bring out the kinds of motion that are characteristic of each register. We profile the preferences of representing motion in verbs in qualitative and quantitative terms. Our findings reveal that the lexical choices for representing motion in each register resonate with the "field" of discourse. The findings reported in this study are significant for text-typology involving the description of motion and are, therefore, of theoretical interest. Most previous discourse-based studies, usually informed by the analysis of narratives, suggest that (in Talmy's well-known classification) satellite-framed languages in general pay more attention to manner and verb-framed languages to direction. We propose that the inclusion of a registerial dimension in the study of motion in discourse further deepens our understanding of satellite- and verb-framed languages' attention to manner and direction of motion.
•This study adds registerial dimension to the study of motion through space.•The study is discourse-based and register-based (register in the sense of functional varieties of language).•The registers studied here include: enabling, expounding, recreating, and reporting.•The registerial preference of manner or direction of motion resonates with the field of discourse.
The theme of the article is a research into the issue of translation of children’s speech. The analysis will be conducted based on three excerpts from a novel –
– written by a contemporary American ...writer Frank Schaeffer and translated into Polish by the author of the article, early in her career as a translator. First, the results of text typology investigation by Anna Trosborg (1997b), Paul Kussmaul (1995, 1997) and Christiane Nord (2018) regarding cognitive structuring, text structures, and general style conventions will be highlighted. Then the outcomes of the translation process research (TPR) on cohesive aspects and structuring by Michael Carl, Srinivas Bangalore & Moritz Schaeffer (2016) will be summarised. This will be followed by the discussion of findings of Paul Thompson & Alison Sealey (2007), Gillian Lathey (2011), and Anna Čermáková (2018) regarding the issue of repetition and the aspects of point of view. Subsequently, the notion of style in a work of fiction will be introduced and followed by the description of stylistic and linguistic means used to achieve it. This will include the discussion of speech and thought presentation (STP) scales proposed first by Geoffrey Leech & Mick Short (2007) and then developed by Mick Short in cooperation with Elena Semino (2004). Next, the stylistic features of children’s speech and its linguistic exponents will be outlined. The translation analysis will focus on stylistic and linguistic devices used by the author to imitate children’s speech in the source text and their rendering by the translator in the target text. The achieved effect and translation equivalence will be evaluated, possible reasons behind any loss in meaning will become identified and some final recommendations for translators will get defined.
RESUMO Esta investigação inscreve-se dominantemente no âmbito dos estudos da criança e ancora a sua área específica nas questões linguísticas, assumindo os pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da ...análise do discurso (de tradição francófona), considerando também contributos de áreas conexas. Analisa textos de manuais/livros escolares usados no sistema de ensino português, pretendendo tornar visíveis as imagens que estes constroem das crianças e da infância, bem como os recursos linguísticos mais relevantes associados a tal construção. Procura desvendar a representatividade das tipologias textuais nos manuais e de que forma estas contribuem para a construção das referidas imagens. Conclui que as crianças dos textos são seres sem voz e sem poder, consumidoras, mas não coprodutoras de cultura, com os textos inculcando valores conformadores da manutenção da ordem social estabelecida, sendo a forma como as tipologias textuais estão organizadas contribuidora para se alcançar esse propósito.
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