During the Great Depression, money was tight in America and the rest of the world. Because of this, Stanley engineers felt that a medium-priced cabinetmaker's bull nose rabbet plane would be an ...affordable alternative to their No. 90 rabbet plane (Figure 3). Figure 14 shows what the first production model looked like. Besides having the nickel-plated adjustable No. 90A plane, Stanley also manufactured a non-adjustable model (Figure 15), designated as 90J. ...the 90J-the non-adjustable model-is the same, except for the body casting change (Figure 19).
Laponite.sup.® is a registered trademark of BYK Additives & Instruments. Throughout the article, the registered trademark symbol should have been used whenever Laponite.sup.® was mentioned.
This book challenges the philosophical foundations of current trademark systems in the USA and the UK. It argues that the process of trademark creation should be transformed to the more practical and ...realistic proposition of co-authorship of trademarks by both the public and trademark owners. The book develops the Economic-Social Planning justification, which departs from the economic argument that trademarks reduce consumer search costs, and then proposes that trademarks should be formul.
The objective of this research is to addresses the effects of digital transformation on value creation through the study of technology entrepreneurship and technological market expansion. This is ...particularly important since both of these concepts are part of the dynamic capabilities that help in embracing digital innovation at a national level. Relevant data from 28 European countries representing development indicators and ease of doing business over a timeframe of 7 years from 2009 to 2015 were analysed to formulate and investigate a new perspective of digital entrepreneurship driven by the concepts of digital transformation and entrepreneurship. To do this, digital transformation has been broken into three categories, namely technology readiness (e.g. ICT investments), digital technology exploration (e.g. research and development) and digital technology exploitation (e.g. patents and trademarks). This research identifies several significant relationships between such constructs, which contribute to the literature and provide key implications for business management and practitioners.
Stanley's 101½ Bull Nose Block Plane Jacob, Walter W
The Chronicle of the Early American Industries Association, Inc.,
06/2023, Volume:
76, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Stanley's No. 101 Vs type S planes (Figure 9) have the body or bed existing with an "S" casting mark located between the cutter supports (Figure 10). Stanley used the "S" casting mark to show which ...contract foundry cast it. When the Stanley Rule & Level Co. merged with the Stanley Works, the type 5 plane body with the "B" casting between the cutter supports now had a lightly cast "178" behind the cutter supports (Figure 17).
Trademarks differ in breadth and can cover a wide range of categories of goods and services. We draw on real options theory and argue that greater trademark breadth constitutes a valuable real option ...that is associated with higher firm valuation and performance. We analyze a sample of 1510 firms that went public in Europe between 2002 and 2015 and find a positive effect of trademark breadth on initial public offering (IPO) valuation and post-IPO performance. We implement a contingency analysis to contrast real options and signaling theory and find stronger support for the real options perspective.
•We draw on real options theory to explore the impact of trademark breadth on IPO outcomes•Empirical study of 1,510 European IPOs between 2002 and 2015•Trademark breadth is associated with higher IPO valuation and post-IPO performance•We implement a contingency analysis to contrast real options and signaling theory•We perform a wide range of robustness checks and employ instrumental variables
This paper analyzes the effects of patents and trademarks in the financing of start-ups through venture capitalists (VCs). Patents and trademarks signal a start-up's technological and marketing ...capabilities. We find that patents and trademarks not only have direct effects on venture capital financing but also have complementary effects. Start-ups that apply for both patents and trademarks yield higher VC funding than do those firms that apply for only one of the two IP rights. Furthermore, we find that the complementarity between patents and trademarks exists only in initial VC funding rounds. Our results suggest that early-phase start-ups seeking their initial VC funding do best when stressing both their technology and marketing capabilities. Accordingly, entrepreneurship policy should encourage start-ups to build both technological and marketing capabilities.
•Among the first studies to examine patents and trademarks from an integrated view.•There exists a complementarity between patents and trademarks in VC financing.•Complementary effect of the two IP rights brings higher VC valuation to a start-up.•This complementary effect exists only for initial VC funding rounds.•This complementary effect diminishes in later VC funding rounds.
In this original study of intellectual property rights (IPR) in relation to state capacity, Dimitrov analyzes this puzzle by offering the first systematic analysis of all IPR enforcement avenues in ...China, across all IPR subtypes. He shows that the extremely high volume of enforcement provided for copyrights and trademarks is unfortunately of a low quality, and as such serves only to perpetuate IPR violations. In the area of patents, however, he finds a low volume of high-quality enforcement. In light of these findings, the book develops a theory of state capacity that conceptualizes the Chinese state as simultaneously weak and strong. The book draws on extensive fieldwork in China and five other countries, as well as on 10 unique IPR enforcement datasets that exploit previously unexplored sources, including case files of private investigation firms.
Abstract
This article examines disputes surrounding the ownership and appropriation of the name “Quaker” in American enterprise in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. I focus ...specifically on efforts by the Society of Friends – colloquially known as the Quakers – to prohibit the use of the name of any religious church, denomination, society, or association in commerce, thereby rendering religious trademarks unregistrable. By exploring disputes around the Quaker name, I argue that the Society of Friends strategically appropriated terminology provided by trademark law (product origin, goodwill, distinctiveness) to claim ownership in the Quaker name while simultaneously arguing that religious names were sacred and thus could not be owned as a form of intellectual property. This historical debate provides insights to crucial questions about the spectral operation of trademark law in the United States. For instance, how are the taxonomies and logics of trademark law ‘possessed’ or spectrally animated by other pre-existing cultural/theological dimensions of ownership? Conversely, how does trademark law then reconstitute pre-existing logics around naming within religious organizations, for instance by providing new frames (the name as defense for consumer confusion or as guarantor of divine source) for understanding American religious practice?
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