Interpreters and War Crimes (Edition 1) Takeda, Kayoko
International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning,
01/2021, Volume:
1, Issue:
4
eBook, Book Review
Open access
Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this book raises new questions and provides different perspectives on the roles, responsibilities, ethics and protection of interpreters in war while ...investigating the substance and agents of Japanese war crimes and legal aspects of interpreters’ taking part in war crimes. Informed by studies on interpreter ethics in conflict, historical studies of Japanese war crimes and legal discussion on individual liability in war crimes, Takeda provides a detailed description and analysis of the 39 interpreter defendants and interpreters as witnesses of war crimes at British military trials against the Japanese in the aftermath of the Pacific War, and tackles ethical and legal issues of various risks faced by interpreters in violent conflict.The book first discusses the backgrounds, recruitment and wartime activities of the accused interpreters at British military trials in addition to the charges they faced, the defence arguments and the verdicts they received at the trials, with attention to why so many of the accused were Taiwanese and foreign-born Japanese. Takeda provides a contextualized discussion, focusing on the Japanese military’s specific linguistic needs in its occupied areas in Southeast Asia and the attributes of interpreters who could meet such needs. In the theoretical examination of the issues that emerge, the focus is placed on interpreters’ proximity to danger, visibility and perceived authorship of speech, legal responsibility in war crimes and ethical issues in testifying as eyewitnesses of criminal acts in violent hostilities. Takeda critically examines prior literature on the roles of interpreters in conflict and ethical concerns such as interpreter neutrality and confidentiality, drawing on legal discussion of the ineffectiveness of the superior orders defence and modes of individual liability in war crimes. The book seeks to promote intersectoral discussion on how interpreters can be protected from exposure to manifestly unlawful acts such as torture.
L’articolo verte su due casi di traduzioni latine di Platone: un passo di Gellio relativo al Simposio; e il commento al Timeo di Calcidio. Nonostante la differenza di cultura e di intento che ...intercorrono tra i due autori, pare emergere un’analogia di fondo che concerne la natura della traduzione, la sua concettualizzazione: tradurre comporta riprodurre un modello; ma ogni riproduzione è, in quanto tale, difettiva rispetto al suo paradigma: per questo, la resa latina del greco platonico potrà aspirare, al più, a esserne un’adeguata, per quanto comunque inferiore, trasposizione. In altre parole, sembra applicarsi alla pratica traduttiva lo stesso dispositivo modello/copie che innerva la filosofia platonica; il retroterra platonico di Gellio e Calcidio pare quindi orientare il loro modo di concepire la traduzione dal greco in latino.
Italiano, tedesco e inglese sono lingue che si comportano diversamente per quanto riguarda l’uso di forme femminilizzate. Se per il tedesco esiste un modello grammaticale affermato, per l’italiano ...l’uso di forme marcate non è “automatico” ed è spesso oggetto di discussione. Date queste premesse, ci siamo chiesti come si comporti google translate rispetto alla traduzione in italiano di agentivi riferiti a donne. Grazie a tre corpora basati sui profili wikipedia di 200 donne (il primo corpus con testi in italiano, gli altri due con le traduzioni in italiano dal tedesco e dall’inglese) abbiamo osservato quali sono gli elementi che facilitano o ostacolano il riconoscimento del genere, alla luce del nuovo sistema con reti neurali.
El artículo indaga la relación entre traducción y textos poéticos, analizando algunos poemas representativos en castellano y en italiano. El objetivo de este examen es, por un lado, resaltar lo que ...al traducir se pierde a nivel métrico, lingüístico y fónico; y por otro señalar algunos logros muy positivos, como el realizado con el glíglico de Cortázar.
Traduzione e discorso poeticoL’articolo indaga il rapporto tra traduzione e testo poetico, analizzando alcuni componimenti rappresentativi in castigliano e in italiano. L’obiettivo è, da una parte, quello di indicare cosa si perde nel tradurre a livello metrico, linguistico e fonico; dall’altra rendere omaggio a esiti molto positivi quali il glíglico di Cortázar.
Translation and Poetic DiscourseThe article investigates the relationship between translation and poetic texts, through a comparative analysis of some Spanish and Italian representative poems. The aim of this survey is to underline what is lost in translating on a metric, linguistic, and phonic level; but also to pay tribute to certain very positive results, such as the translation of Cortázar’s Glíglico language.
This interview took place thanks to the Milan International Architecture Workshop (MIAW) held at the Polytechnic Institute of Milan in February 2021 and dedicated to reflections on Milan’s Porta ...Romana. The many lessons and conversations with Irarrázaval gave rise to the idea of an interview that could summarize the numerous issues that emerged and whose relevance to the relationship between art and architecture naturally led to it being published in this issue. The interview touches on numerous themes that tend, as often happens in projects, to overlap each other. However, in the flow of this conversation, three principles with a more disruptive force emerge: translation, repetition, and wholeness. Three concepts that in their recurrence in every artistic process help to trace and describe the importance that the arts have had in the construction of the architectural language of Sebastián Irarrázaval.
