Aim
To examine the prevalence, characteristics and factors associated with workplace violence against emergency department nurses in Oman.
Background
Violence against healthcare professionals, ...including nurses, is a global public health problem. Understanding the epidemiology of violence is crucial for the implementation of appropriate preventative and management policies.
Methods
We conducted a multi‐centre cross‐sectional study in February 2019 utilizing a widely employed self‐report questionnaire developed by the World Health Organization. We invited all emergency department nurses working in four governmental hospitals in Al‐Sharqiyah and Al‐Dakhiliyah Governorates of Oman to participate in the study.
Results
Of the 103 respondents, most were Omani (57.3%), female (73.8%), and 30 years or older (65%). The majority (87.4%) were exposed to violence in the past 12 months, and non‐physical violence (84.5%) was over fourfold greater than physical violence (18.4%). Most physical and non‐physical incidents took place during weekends (68.4% and 82.8%, respectively) and in the afternoon or night shifts (78.9% and 93.1%, respectively), and family members and visitors were the most common perpetrators of violence (62.6% physical and 66.7% non‐physical). Non‐Omani nurses (P = 0.03) and those with education less than a bachelor’s degree (P = 0.007) were less likely to experience physical violence.
Discussion/Conclusion
Workplace violence is highly prevalent among emergency department nurses in Oman. Future studies should investigate violent incident reporting, and the causes and consequences of workplace violence on nurses’ psychological and physical well‐being, work functioning and the quality of care provided to patients.
Implications for Nursing Policy
The high prevalence of workplace violence is alarming and demonstrates the need for additional interventions to reduce violence and limit its consequences on healthcare professionals and patients’ quality of care. Findings from this study can be used to implement changes in existing anti‐violence policies.
Background
Adolescent dating violence (ADV) continues to be a health concern. Most previous research has examined physical and or sexual ADV with little attention to verbal violence.
Methods
Drawing ...on the social‐ecological framework, the current study examined the moderating influence of school adult connectedness on experiences of verbal only, physical and/or sexual violence (combination ADV), and mental health outcomes among 11th graders (n = 31,459) in one Midwestern state.
Results
Overall, 24.0% and 28.8% of adolescents met thresholds for depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Rates of mental health symptoms were higher among adolescents reporting ADV compared to those who did not report experience of ADV. In logistic regressions, higher level of school adult connectedness was associated with lower odds of depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. In moderation analyses, school adult connectedness was protective for mental health outcomes regardless of ADV experience.
Conclusion
Adolescent dating violence—including verbal violence alone—can be traumatic for young people. Schools can leverage the protective nature of school adult connection to promote mental health for all students, including adolescents who have experienced ADV. Incorporating trauma‐informed education practice of providing unconditional positive regard toward adolescents might be 1‐way schools can support adolescents in cultivating healthy relationships and well‐being.
Existe una creciente alarma social acerca de la violencia verbal por parte de los adolescentes en los centros educativos. El objetivo de estudio es conocer la percepción que tiene el alumnado de ...Educación Secundaria Obligatoria sobre la violencia verbal dirigida a compañeros y profesorado, identificando factores personales y escolares intervinientes. Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa con la aplicación del cuestionario de violencia escolar percibida (CUVE-R-ESO) a 4467 alumnos de ESO (M=13.81; DT=1.38). Los resultados evidencian mayor presencia de violencia verbal entre compañeros (hablar mal unos de otros, extender rumores negativos sobre compañeros, poner motes o insultar) que violencia verbal hacia el profesorado (falta de respeto, insultos). El análisis inferencial muestra una prevalencia en la violencia verbal del género femenino de mayor edad, matriculado en cursos superiores de ESO y que ha repetido algún curso. Además, la violencia verbal entre compañeros es superior en centros rurales concertados, mientras que la violencia verbal hacia el profesorado es mayor en centros urbanos de carácter público, no existiendo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la estructura familiar. En conclusión la violencia verbal en los centros educativos es una conducta prevalente que no es percibida como un problema alarmante por parte del alumnado.
Workplace violence (WPV) against nurses is a common but neglected problem in Egypt. The objectives are to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of different types of violence against ...nurses working in the emergency hospital compared with those working in non-emergency clinics, circumstances of violence, type of perpetrators, and victims’ response. This cross-sectional comparative study was carried out at Mansoura University Hospitals, Egypt, during January 2013. The data were collected through the adapted version of a self-administered questionnaire developed by the International Labor Office/International Council of Nurses/World Health Organization/Public Services International on WPV in the health sector. All types of WPV are common among nurses. Precipitating factors for violent incidents identified by respondents are emergency specialty, having work shift, and younger age. Violent incidents result in work dissatisfaction and consequently impair work productivity. Nurses working in emergency hospital experienced a higher level of different types of WPV. There is an urgent need to formulate and implement a policy for dealing with violent events.
This study was carried out to identify the opinions of students with hearing impairment and their teachers about prevalence of violence in special schools. This research was quantitative in nature ...and descriptive research method was used to conduct the study. The population of the study comprised students with hearing impairment (SWHI) and their teachers working in public sector schools. Researchers selected 60 students with hearing impairment studying at elementary level (males= 23, females= 37). A sample of 100 teachers were also taken from schools working in Lahore. On the basis of literature review, two structured questionnaires with close ended options were developed. The estimated reliability of teachers’ questionnaire was Cronbach alpha 0.82 and of students’ questionnaire (Cronbach alpha 0.85). Researchers personally visited schools to collect data from students whereas data from teachers were collected through telephone and email. Frequency percentages, mean and standard deviation were used for data analysis. The results of the study indicated that most of students with hearing impairment used to experience non- verbal violence and feel scary before and after school time. Teachers reported that students used to threaten one another, damage school property or personal items. They used abusive language. Schools had taken many initiatives to create healthy and safe environment i.e, appointing security guards to control access to school buildings, increasing monitoring by applying rules and regulations and involving students in conflict resolving activities. However, training teachers, counselling, student tutoring and mentoring are required for healthy school environment.
Este texto tem como objetivo discutir a violência verbal e o racismo a partir da análise da mobilização textual de frames de racismo na #SomosTodosMacacos em corpus de textos constituído na pesquisa ...de doutorado de Parintins Lima (2019). O corpus compõe-se de artigos de opinião publicados em jornais, revistas e portais de notícia do Brasil, produzidos em reação à #SomosTodosMacacos, publicada pelo jogador de futebol brasileiro Neymar Junior, no dia 27 de abril de 2014, nas redes sociais, depois que seu companheiro de equipe Daniel Alves sofreu um ato racista na Espanha. A metodologia consistiu na descrição, na identificação e no levantamento de frames de racismo emergentes no corpus, identificando os mais produtivos e observando seu papel na construção do sentido da #SomosTodosMacacos. O principal resultado do presente estudo é o de que a interpretação da #SomosTodosMacacos como racista ancora-se tanto em conhecimentos estabilizados e mobilizados textualmente na forma de frames, por exemplo, quanto em sentidos mobilizados ou construídos na tessitura textual desenvolvida nos artigos de opinião do corpus, principalmente pela associação do enunciado "Somos todos macacos" à representação do negro como macaco, enraizada sócio-historicamente no evolucionismo europeu. Conclui-se que a interpretação da #SomosTodosMacacos como racista pode pautar-se por uma construção textual e sociocognitiva do frame de racismo, salientando o caráter violento da hashtag analisada.
The paper discusses the problematic of the representation of refugee migrants in Europe, Portugal, and in Latin America, Brazil. Focusing on verbal violence on the web, the work analyzes comments ...from Facebook users, highlighting the ad hominem argument as a strategy to denigrate the image of the refugees, the paper notes two forms of materialization of this argument: personal direct attack and indirect personal attack. The verbal strategies that allow disqualify refugee migrants and represent them negatively. The theoretical framework is a tributary of discourse analysis in dialogue whith rhetoric represented by Amossy (1999, 2014b) among others, complemented by studies on interaction in social networks (Castells, 2013), and verbal violence (Culpeper, 2008; Bousfield, 2008), in particular verbal violence in internet and social networks (Castells, 2013; Rodeghiero, 2012). The discursive-pragmatic analysis was carried out in a corpus of messages on Facebook, collected between July and August 2017, about the migratory crisis in Europe, and collected in August 2018, about the immigration of Venezuelans to Brazi. The study allows us to prove that, in a era when social networks dissiminate and spread, thtough the written word, the freee opinions of those who previously did not have achievement to the public expression of tehir opinion, devaluing and agressive strategies dominate comments on social networks and transmit positions that aim to exclude the migran, considered as disturbing an established order.
Abstract Verbal abuse is the most prevalent form of workplace violence. Its impacts on organizations as well as on victims' health are numerous. Several studies have emphasized the need to take into ...consideration victims' characteristics, in particular sex, to better understand rates of verbal violence in the workplace. Indeed, study results are contradictory, as some show women to be more at risk while others indicate that men would be more exposed. These variations could in part be explained by other factors that influence the prevalence of workplace violence, such as occupational domain and job characteristics. This review of literature thus aimed to describe the prevalence of verbal violence according to sex across occupational domains. Results showed that a majority of studies concluded to no significant sex differences. Among the studies with significant results, men tended to be more at risk than women. However, due to several limitations, it was not possible to draw conclusions as regards specific occupations. Conclusions of this review lead to specific recommendations for future research.
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