Topni receptorji TNF pri rakavih bolnikih : doktorska naloga
Ocvirk, Janja
Chemotherapy in patients with metastatic melanoma is only partially effective and the prognosis varies considerably from patient to patient: in some cases, it may even be extremely bad. In case ...chemotherapy is supposed to be ineffective, it should not be given to patients in order to avoid unnecessary exposure. For the patients with systemic melanomas, no specific or reliable indices, factors, or tumor markers are available that would allow the classification and follow-up of these patients. Tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) is a cytokine, known for a variety of biologic activities. It has acytotoxic effect upon tumor cells: it induces apoptosis: it influences the immune system functioning, the development of autoimmune diseases, and affectscardiovascular system functioning. It is attached to the membrane or issoluble in the serum. Its active form is homotrimeric molecule containing three identical subunits with a molecular mass of 17 kDa. TNFalpha reacts through two receptors attached to the membrane, TNF-R55 and TNF-R75. TNF-R55 is expressed by almost all types of cells, whereas TNF-R75 is expressed by myeloid cell-type only. Soluble forms of TNF-R55 and TNF-R75 are obtained by proteolytic cleavage. These two soluble receptors are binding with the solubleform of TNFalpha, thereby reducing its effectiveness, either favorable or unfavorable. The soluble TNF-R55 are produced also on cancer cells yieldingtheir survival because the binding of soluble TNF-R55 to TNFalpha substantially reduces the TNFalpha cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. Soluble TNF-R55 were also found on melanoma cells and other cancer cells. Their concentrations are measured in the serum of patients with systemic metastatic melanoma. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Type of material - dissertation
; adult, serious
Publication and manufacture - Ljubljana : [J. Ocvirk], 2000
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