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Andrea, Jović
Anafora (Osijek, Croatia), 01/2021, Volume: 8, Issue: 1Journal Article
Naratologija mogućih svjetova svojim je propitivanjem statusa i podrijetla fikcionalnih tekstova logično okrilje za razvoj pronašla u postklasičnoj naratologiji. Od samog početka zainteresirana za novo tumačenje pojma istine u fikciji, ova je disciplina uvođenjem pojmova svijeta, kao semantičke domene koju projicira tekst, i modalnosti, kao različitih načina na koji osobe i objekti u svjetovima postoje, uspjela objasniti narav fikcije i njezinu multiperspektivnost daleko bolje od ranijih teorija – od onih analitičkih logičara, preko saussureovskog strukturalizma sve do teorije mimeze. Posljedično, naratologija mogućih svjetova otvorila je nove horizonte u klasičnim naratološkim proučavanjima uvođenjem koncepata poput pričljivosti, kojom se nastoji procijeniti estetski potencijal određenog zapleta, ili autentizacije koja objašnjava mehanizme kojima pripovjedač stječe narativni autoritet. Novi su poticaji proučavanju dani i u području teorije žanra, gdje je na temelju postojanja ili izostanka određenih atributa mogućeg svijeta postalo moguće odrediti žanrovsku orijentaciju teksta. Zbog duboke veze s postklasičnim okretom prema kontekstu i interdisciplinarnosti, naratologija mogućih svjetova i dalje otvara nove horizonte, osobito na području studija medija, gdje sjedinjenjem koncepata imerzije i interaktivnosti nastoji modelirati estetiku koja bi optimalno stimulirala recipijentovu imaginaciju. Due to its questioning of the status and origin of fictional texts, the narratology of possible worlds found its logical development in postclassical narratology. Looking for a fresh view on the concept of truth in fiction, the discipline introduced new terms such as world, a semantic domain projected by the text, and modality, a mode in which persons and objects exist in those worlds, which helped illuminate the nature of fiction and its pluriperspectivity in a far superior way than its predecessors. Namely, those range from the analytic logic, through Saussurean structuralism, to the theory of mimesis. Consequently, the narratology of possible worlds has opened new perspectives in classical narratological studies by introducing concepts such as tellability, designed to evaluate the aesthetic potential of a certain plot, or authentication, which explains the mechanisms through which the narrator acquires narrative authority. Research has been sparked in the field of theory of genre as well, where on the basis of existence or absence of certain attributes of the possible world it has become possible to determine the genre of a text. Due to its deep connections with the postclassical turn towards context and interdisciplinarity, the narratology of possible worlds still opens new horizons, especially in the field of media studies where, by integrating the concepts of immersion and interactivity, it strives to model an aesthetics which would holistically stimulate the recipient’s imagination.
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