As a dielectric, biolubricant (vegetable oil) cannot maximize the efficiency of electrostatic atomization minimum quantity lubrication (EMQL). The lecithin-enhanced technology is expected to solve this technical bottleneck. The effects of lecithin on the electrophysiological properties of biolubricant (soybean oil) were investigated. Lecithin can increase the conductivity, viscosity, and charge mass ratio and reduce the surface tension of soybean oil. Comparative experiments show that the maximum average temperature rise of workpiece surface with MQL is 241.6 °C. The value under flooding, EMQL, and L+EMQL is reduced by 28.97%, 42.8%, and 48.92%, respectively, compared with MQL. The influence of lecithin mixing ratio on grinding performance was discussed. The minimum surface roughness value (0.49 µm) is obtained at the mixing ratio of 2:10. •A new grinding method of lecithin bioubricant EMQL was proposed.•The effects of lecithin addition on physical characteristics of vegetable oil were studied.•Several groups of comparative experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of L+EMQL lubrication method.•L+EMQL method can reduce the grinding temperature and improve the surface quality of workpiece effectively.•Lecithin has self-assembly behavior in non-polar oil, which can improve its lubrication performance effectively.