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Kato, Shigeaki; Endoh, Hideki; Masuhiro, Yoshikazu; Kitamoto, Takuya; Uchiyama, Shimami; Sasaki, Haruna; Masushige, Shoichi; Gotoh, Yukiko; Nishida, Eisuke; Kawashima, Hiroyuki; Metzger, Daniel; Chambon, Pierre
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 12/1995, Volume: 270, Issue: 5241Journal Article
The phosphorylation of the human estrogen receptor (ER) serine residue at position 118 is required for full activity of the ER activation function 1 (AF-1). This Ser$^{118}$ is phosphorylated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in vitro and in cells treated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) in vivo. Overexpression of MAPK kinase (MAPKK) or of the guanine nucleotide binding protein Ras, both of which activate MAPK, enhanced estrogen-induced and antiestrogen (tamoxifen)-induced transcriptional activity of wild-type ER, but not that of a mutant ER with an alanine in place of Ser$^{118}$. Thus, the activity of the amino-terminal AF-1 of the ER is modulated by the phosphorylation of Ser$^{118}$ through the Ras-MAPK cascade of the growth factor signaling pathways.
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