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  • Fakhry, Peter K; Elafandy, Tamer H; Taher, Said; Abdelrahman, Amr

    NeuroQuantology, 01/2022, Volume: 20, Issue: 8
    Journal Article

    Rectangular openings are sometimes required in existing concrete beams to pass the electromechanical utility ducts. These openings may be located at the beam's shear regions. The web openings enable the designer to keep the clear height of the floors and reduce the height of the structure, which is required especially for tall building construction, thus leading to an economic design. This research aims to study various strengthening techniques for beams with web opening using steel plates and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates. Seven reinforced concrete T-beams were cast with overall depth and length of 400-mm and 4500-mm, respectively. The top flange was 600-mm wide and 80-mm thick, and the web width equal to 200-mm. Each specimen was tested twice, the first test was done for 3000- mm clear span as a simple beam and the second test was done for the untested zone with 1400-mm clear span as a cantilever. This paper concerned with the seven tests, related to the simple beam behavior. Two specimens were tested as a control with and without web opening, while the remining five specimens were strengthened before testing using different strengthening schemes. The opening dimensions were 200x800 mm located at the shear zone region of specimens. An analytical model based on the stress-strain characteristics of concrete, steel and FRP was adopted and supported by a three-dimensional finite element analysis using ABAQUS software. It was found that the type of material used for strengthening and its configuration scheme significantly affect the efficiency of strengthening in terms of beam deflection, steel strain, cracking, ultimate capacity, and failure mode of the beam. Finally, some important conclusions are reported.