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Padulano, Roberta; Rianna, Guido; Santini, Monia
Journal of hydrology. Regional studies, April 2021, 2021-04-00, 2021-04-01, Volume: 34Journal Article
•Poor performances of 21 empirical models for R-factor estimation are highlighted.•A new model for R-factor estimation is calibrated at the rain gauge scale.•The calibrated model is applied on four different gridded rainfall datasets.•Comparison of the new model against a reference dataset shows good performances.•Four R-factor maps with different spatial resolutions are provided for 1981–2010. The paper considers a methodology to assess rainfall erosivity in Italy for the recent decades (1981–2010), building on datasets and materials freely available, such as those included within the Climate Data Store (CDS) of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). Twenty-one referenced empirical models to assess rainfall erosivity (R-factor) based on coarse rainfall data are tested and compared; then, a custom model is calibrated, with the support of seasonal rainfall pattern clustering by means of the Self-Organizing Map. Moreover, a large database of sub-hourly rainfall observations, covering the period 2002–2011, is collected and used for validation. Model performances are analysed at the point-scale of the rain gauges and at the spatial scale of different relevant gridded rainfall products: the fifth generation of ECMWF ReAnalysis (ERA5, ERA5-Land), the gridded European observational dataset (E-OBS), all included in the CDS, and SCIA-ISPRA (the Italian standard rainfall gridded dataset). New Hydrological Insights from the Region The proposed methodology provides four alternatives of spatially distributed rainfall erosivity datasets covering Italy with diverse levels of reliability. Analysis of results shows that the best performance is achieved by the combined use of the custom model and the SCIA-ISPRA dataset, followed by ERA5-Land, with the main source of error lying in the use of an empirical model instead of the rigorous model for R-factor estimation, and secondly in the use of gridded rainfall data instead of point-scale rainfall observations.
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