In order to clarify the status of grain quality in the main wheat production areas of Anhui Province, wheat quality sampling and testing were carried out in the main wheat production areas of Anhui Province in 2015, 23 cultivars and 62 samples were collected, and grain traits, quality indexes and quality traits were analyzed and evaluated. The average bulk density of the sample was 796 g/L; the average hardness index was 49.2; the average 1000-grain weight was 41.6 g; the average grain moisture content was 11.8%; the average crude protein content was 11.7%; the average wet gluten content was 31.1%; the average Zeleny sedimentation value was 24 mL; the average water absorption was 54.9%; the average stability time was 5.6 min. The crude protein content of 35.5% samples reached the standard of high quality weak gluten; the wet gluten content of 40.3% samples was above the second grade of high quality strong gluten; the falling number of 83.9% of the samples reached the national standard of high quality wheat; the stability time of 27.4% of the samples reached higher than the second grade of high quality gluten, and the stability time of 17.7% samples reached the standard of high quality weak gluten wheat.