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Kurečić, Tomislav; Tomislav
02/2017Web Resource
Klastični sedimenti poznati kao Viviparus slojevi predstavljaju posljednju fazu jezerske sedimentacije u južnom dijelu PBS-a. Stratigrafski pripadaju pliocenu, a taloženi su unutar kata cernik u vremenskom rasponu od 4,5 – 2 milijuna godina. Na prostoru Vukomeričkih gorica, gdje su površinski najrasprostranjeniji, dokazano je taloženje donjih i gornjih Viviparus slojeva. Analizom facijesa i fosilnog sadržaja utvrđeno je da se njihovo taloženje odvijalo u plitkom slatkovodnom jezerskom i aluvijalnom okolišu. Donji Viviparus slojevi diskonformni su na miocensku podlogu, pripadaju zoni Viviparus kochanskyae i taloženi su u vrijeme umjereno tople i vlažne klime s izraženim sezonskim oscilacijama sezonalnošću. Gornji Viviparus slojevi taloženi su u uvjetima pliocenskog klimatskog optimuma, bez izražene sezonalnosti, a pripadaju zoni Viviparus hoernesi. Međusobno ispreplitanje jezerskih i aluvijalnih okoliša ukazuje na oscilacije razine vode uz zapadni rub tadašnjeg jezera Slavonija, a izostanak srednjih Viviparus slojeva pokazatelj je smanjenja površine jezera, odnosno jake regresije u srednjem cerniku. Modalni i kemijski sastav klastičnog detritusa ukazuje na njegovo dominantno podrijetlo iz starijih sedimentnih i kiselih magmatskih stijena čija su izvorišta bila lokalno izdignuta gorja i pretaloženi gornjomiocenski materijal alpske provenijencije. Clastic sediments known as Viviparus beds represent the last phase of lacustrine sedimentation in the southern part of Pannonian Basin System. Based on stratigraphy they belong to the Pliocene epoch, within time period from 4.5 to 2 Ma as a part of the Cernikian stage. In the area of Vukomeričke gorice two stratigraphic horizons have been detected, Lower Viviparus beds and Upper Viviparus beds. Facies analysis and fossil content have shown that the deposition of these freshwater sediments occured in predominantly shallow lacustrine and alluvial environment. The Lower Viviparus beds lay disconformly on Miocene sediments, they belong to the Viviparus kochanskyae zone and they are deposited in the moderately warm and humid climate with strong seasonality. Upper Viviparus beds, belonging to Viviparus hoernesy zone, were deposited under conditions of the Pliocene climate optimum, without strong seasonality. Alternation of lacustrine and alluvial environment indicates the fluctuations of water level along the western edge of the former lake Slavonia while the absence of middle Viviparus beds suggests a decrease in the lake’s surface or its regression in the Middle Cernikian. Modal and chemical composition of clastic detritus indicates that it originates from the older sedimentary rocks as well as predominantley acidic igneous rocks whose source were locally raised mountains and resedimented material of Alpine provenance from Upper Miocene.
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