In steel production, controlling and monitoring quality, grade and structure of final steel products are very important issues. It has been shown that the temperature distribution, the magnitude of ...temperature gradients, as well as the cooling strategy during the continuous steel casting have a significant impact on material properties, the structure and any defect formation of cast products. The paper describes an accurate computational tool intended for investigating the transient phenomena in continuously cast billets, for developing the caster control techniques and also for determining the optimum cooling strategy in order to meet all quality requirements. The numerical model of the temperature field is based on the finite-difference implementation of the 3D energy-balance equation using the enthalpy approach. This allows us to analyse the temperature field along the entire cast billet. Since the steel billets are produced constantly 24 hours per day, the transient temperature field is being computed in a non-stop trial run. It enables us to monitor and investigate the formation of the temperature field in real time within the mould, as well as the secondary and tertiary cooling zones, where the observed information can be immediately utilized for the caster-control optimization with respect to the whole machine or just an individual part. The application of the presented model is demonstrated with two examples including the steelworks in Tøinec, Czech Republic, and in Podbrezová, Slovakia. To consider different operational conditions, the influences of the secondary-cooling setting on the surface and the inner defects formation, and on the final structure of the 150 x 150 mm billet are also discussed.
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