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  • Pogostnost in trajanje nenaglašenih izvorno o-jevskih samoglasnikov v nekaterih slovenskih akajočih in ukajočih govorih : (instrumentalno-slušna analiza)
    Zemljak, Melita ; Smole, Vera
    The analysis of the recordings of spontaneous speech was performed on a fairly powerful personal computer with the appropriate software tools, which allowed: (a) a quality transfer from tapes or ... minidiscs to the computer and patterning, which is edited and normalized (e.g., Cool Edit 96); (b) manual labeling of sounds and phonetic transcription (e.g., PitchWorks); (c) recording of data about sounds and their duration in text databases (e.g., PitchWorks); (d) data editing (e.g., Microsoft Exel 2000) and statistical analysis, in the present case, of frequency and duration of vowels (e.g., StatView). All stages of the analysis are very time-consuming, as they requiremany manual settings, determining of exact criteria, and use of various tools. The analysis of spontaneous spoken-language material collected in the field requires some preliminary treatment, called normalization, while on the other hand, it very randomly sets the paradigm for the analysis. The result of the latter is that the frequency of sounds in certain positions and in individual informants is so low that the results of the analysis are not relevant. Perhaps this is the reason that analyses of spontaneous speech are still rare, even if this type of speech much better fulfills the criterion of naturalness. 501 words (they may appear more than once) with unstressed etymological o were ex- cerpted from texts of various length by 12 informants from there different dialects. Due to a larger sample and greater number of informants the results of measuring duration in the Styrian Posavje dialect are presented separately and used for comparison. The analysis of vowel frequency with respect to the word position in the studied sample shows that nearly 51% of the vowels appear in pre-tonal internal syllables, nearly 31% in word-final position, almost 13% in the initial position, and only 5% in post-tonal internal syllables. Various informants have eight different reflexes for these vowels (a, e, ie, o, e, u, uo,ue), four of them (e, ie, uo, ue) are limited to the word-final position and exist only in one dialect. The distribution and frequency displayed by the speakers of three different dialects confirms that central Lower Carniolan dialect has mainly akanje, eastern Lower Carniolan akanje and ukanje, and the Styrian Posavje dialect hasmainly ukanje (but has mainly akanje in word-final position). The eastern Lower Carniolan dialect also has umlaut and diphthongization of word-final unstressed e and o. It is even more surprising that in all positions and with all informants, i. e., in all dialects, schwa is relatively common, but auditorily perceived as a full vowel. The auditory perception of color can be explained by so-called co-articulation. Whether the lack of color in the segmented part indicates further grade of reduction to an auditorily perceived schwa or this is only the result of fast speech tempo, the fact that the word is not stressed in the sentence, etc., remains a task for future investigation. The analysis of vowel duration with respect to its position in the word (Table II-1) confirms the finding for the Slovene standard language that vowels in pretonic syllables (initial and internal) are shorter than in post-tonic syllables (word-final and internal), i. e., in the analyzed sample (for two Lower Carniolan dialects only, 380 examples) on average for a little over 13%. When the vowel quality and position in the wordare considered (Table II-3), the results are somewhat different: in word-initial, post-tonic, and word-final positions (in the latter case the rare diphthongs produced by two informants were disregarded) the longest vowel is /a/, while in pretonic position /u/ (which is the most frequent in the speech of informants from eastern Lower Carniola) is, surprisingly, longerby 4 ms (70,8 vs. 75,1 ms). The situation is entirely different in the Styrian Posavje dialect, where /u/ in the same position is shorter by 30%. In other positions as well, /a/ is at least a little bit longer. This agrees with the finding that high vowels are shorter than low ones, that this dialect, by replacing /a/ with /u/ in pretonic syllables, is moving towards the rule that pretonic syllables are shorter than post-tonic. However, the question that was the impetud for complete akanje in central Lower Carniolan dialect and positional akanje and ukanje in eastern Lower Carniolan dialect still remains open
    Vir: Slavistična revija : časopis za jezikoslovje in literarne vede = journal for linguistics and literary studies. - ISSN 0350-6894 (Letn. 51, posebna št., jun. 2003, str. [51]-65)
    Vrsta gradiva - članek, sestavni del ; neleposlovje za odrasle
    Leto - 2003
    Jezik - slovenski
    COBISS.SI-ID - 12709384

    Povezava(-e):

    Digitalna knjižnica Slovenije - dLib.si
    Digitalna knjižnica Univerze v Mariboru – DKUM

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