Küreselleşme ve teknolojik gelişmeler tüketim kültürünün yaygınlaşmasına, bireylerin belirli kalıplarda düşünme ve hareket etmesine neden olmuştur. Sürekli büyüyen ve gelişen yeni iletişim ...teknolojileri Metaverse ve bileşenlerini ortaya çıkarmış ve pratik hayatta bireylerin kullanımına sunulmuştur.
Metaverse teknolojisini oluşturan ve birçok alanda kullanılmaya başlayan sanal gerçeklik, hiper gerçeklik, artırılmış gerçeklik gibi teknolojiler bireylerin gerçeklik algısını şekillendirerek yapay gerçeklik ve gerçeklik arasındaki çizgiyi bulanıklaştırmıştır. Böylece gerçek ile simülasyon arasındaki farkın, belirginliğin ortadan kalkmasıyla ya da minimize olmasıyla Metaverse evreninin sunduğu sanal dünya ilgi görmeye başlamıştır.
Üç boyutlu ve bir çok sanal evrenden oluşan Metaverse olgusu; bireylere oyun iş, ticaret, eğitim, sanat, eğlence, pazarlama gibi yeni deneyimler sunmakla birlikte iletişim paradigmasına da yeni bir boyut kazandırmıştır. Metaverse’te gerçekleştirilen aktivitelerin mevcut iletişim teknolojileri ve sosyal medya platformlarıyla da entegre olarak gelişme gösterdiği görülmekte ve gelecekte bireylerin yaşam pratiklerinde önemli değişimlere neden olacağı değerlendirilmektedir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı; Metaverse ile hayatımıza giren yeni iletişim kurma biçimleri, bu evrenin bireyleri nasıl etkilediği, Metavere’ün dijital dünyadaki yeri değerlendirilecektir. Bu bağlamda Metaverse olgusu iletişim kuramları bağlamında felsefi açıdan tartışılacak olup ekosistemi oluşturan bileşenlere kavramsal, tarihsel ve teknik açıdan açıklamalar getirilecektir.
Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a lockdown period. Confinement periods have been related to unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. Our study aimed to determine weight ...change, changes in eating and exercise habits, the presence of depression and anxiety, and diabetes mellitus (DM) status in a cohort of patients with obesity. Methods: The study was undertaken in nine centers of Collaborative Obesity Management (COM) of the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) in Turkey. An e-survey about weight change, eating habits, physical activity status, DM status, depression, and anxiety was completed by patients. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) score was used to determine physical activity in terms of metabolic equivalents (METs). A healthy nutrition coefficient was calculated from the different categories of food consumption. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) Questionnaire were used for determining depression and anxiety, respectively. Results: Four hundred twenty-two patients (age 45 ± 12.7 years, W/M = 350/72) were included. The healthy nutrition coefficient before the pandemic was 38.9 ± 6.2 and decreased to 38.1 ± 6.4 during the pandemic (p < 0.001). Two hundred twenty-nine (54.8%) patients gained weight, 54 (12.9%) were weight neutral, and 135 (32.3%) lost weight. Patients in the weight loss group had higher MET scores and higher healthy nutrition coefficients compared with the weight gain and weight-neutral groups (p < 0.001). The PHQ and GAD scores were not different between the groups. Percent weight loss was related to healthy nutrition coefficient (CI: 0.884 0.821–0.951, p = 0.001) and MET categories (CI: 0.408 0.222–0.748, p = 0.004). One hundred seventy patients had DM. Considering glycemic control, only 12 (8.4%) had fasting blood glucose <100 mg/dL and 36 (25.2%) had postprandial BG <160 mg/dL. When patients with and without DM were compared in terms of dietary compliance, MET category, weight loss status, PHQ-9 scores, and GAD-7 scores, only MET categories were different; 29 (11.7%) of patients in the nondiabetic group were in the highly active group compared with 5 (2.9%) in the diabetic group. Conclusion: The COVID-19 lockdown resulted in weight gain in about half of our patients, which was related to changes in physical activity and eating habits. Patients with DM who had moderate glycemic control were similar to the general population in terms of weight loss but were less active.
The COVID-19 pandemic led to a lockdown period. Confinement periods have been related to unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. Our study aimed to determine weight change, changes in eating and exercise ...habits, the presence of depression and anxiety, and diabetes mellitus (DM) status in a cohort of patients with obesity.
The study was undertaken in nine centers of Collaborative Obesity Management (COM) of the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) in Turkey. An e-survey about weight change, eating habits, physical activity status, DM status, depression, and anxiety was completed by patients. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) score was used to determine physical activity in terms of metabolic equivalents (METs). A healthy nutrition coefficient was calculated from the different categories of food consumption. The Patient Health Questionaire (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) were used for determining depression and anxiety, respectively.
Four hundred twenty-two patients (age 45±12.7 years, W/M=350/72) were included. The healthy nutrition coefficient before the pandemic was 38.9±6.2 and decreased to 38.1±6.4 during the pandemic (p<0.001). Two hundred twenty-nine (54.8%) patients gained weight, 54 (12.9%) were weight neutral, and 135 (32.3%) lost weight. Patients in the weight loss group had higher MET scores and higher healthy nutrition coefficients compared with the weight gain and weight-neutral groups (p<0.001). The PHQ and GAD scores were not different between the groups. Percent weight loss was related to healthy nutrition coefficient〈CI: 0.884 (0.821-0.951), p=0.001〉 and MET categories 〈CI: 0.408 (0.222-0.748), p=0.004〉. One hundred seventy patients had DM. Considering glycemic control, only 12 (8.4%) had fasting blood glucose <100 mg/dL and 36 (25.2%) had postprandial BG <160 mg/dL. When patients with and without DM were compared in terms of dietary compliance, MET category, weight loss status, PHQ scores, and GAD scores, only MET categories were different; 29 (11.7%) of patients in the nondiabetic group were in the highly active group compared with 5 (2.9%) in the diabetic group.
The COVID-19 lockdown resulted in weight gain in about half of our patients, which was related to changes in physical activity and eating habits. Patients with DM who had moderate glycemic control were similar to the general population in terms of weight loss but were less active.
