Anomalies in the Radon activity concentration time series recorded in five European caves (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia) are detected using three hybrid methods: (1) multiple linear regression ...and autoregressive integrated moving average statistical methods, (2) Empirical Mode Decomposition with Support Vector Regression techniques and (3) the Singular Spectrum Analysis composed with a predicting methodology. Results coming from the three methods are compared and the best hybrid method is selected based on statistical evaluation criteria of the uncertainty. Radon anomalies occur ± 30 days from earthquake occurrence, selected according to the Dobrovolsky’s earthquake preparation zone formula and to seismic events (with magnitude ≥ 4) occurred in the neighboring European Countries to the monitoring caves. The anomalies detection furnishes results consistent across the used methodologies, as proven by the calculation of a statistical parameter that search the presence of anomalies coming from the hybrid methods within ± 30 days from earthquake event.
Monitoring of air temperature takes place at five locations in two cave systems. At monitoring location Velika gora (Postojna 1), mean air temperature for the time period 2009–2010 was 11.10 °C. Of ...three monitoring locations Velika gora is situated at the highest absolute height. Mean air temperature in the same period was 10.66 °C in the central part of the Lepe jame cave (Postojna 3) and 10.30 °C in the side passage (Postojna 2). Temperature difference between outside and cave temperature is the highest at Postojna 2 monitoring location, due to the inflow of the air currents from the unknown parts, especially in winter time. Manual temperature measurements (2004–2010) exhibit slight increase of air temperature at Postojna 1 and Postojna 2 monitoring sites. In the Predjama cave system, the air temperature in Velika dvorana is much more stable than in Konjski hlev passage, which is more subject to external influences.
The Baiyun cave is a 380 m long karst cave in the Naigu Shilin, situated 70 km southeast of Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. The prevailing orientations of the cave passages are N110°–120°E and ...N0°‐10°W and those of the fissures in the cave are N30°–40°W and N20°–30°W. The cave is developed in the thick‐bedded Lower Permian Qixia Formation. The cave has an active water flow and is currently at the near water‐table stage. There are large amounts of different infills of cave sediments. The cave shows different stages of paragenesis. The palaeomagnetic analysis of cave sediments shows that their ages are younger than 780 ka B.P. (the Brunhes Chron). The upper part of the sampled profile belongs to the reverse Blake event (112.3–117.9 ka B.P.). The formation of the Baiyun cave is directly connected with the development of the Naigu Shilin. The formation of karst underground and surface features depends on the regional tectonic deformation and the Cenozoic extension of the study area.
Technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) is an essential framework for chemistry teachers. Teachers are required to be able to integrate technology into learning so that TPACK must be ...acquired by pre-service chemistry teachers. TPACK can be integrated with a modified form of subject-specific pedagogy (SSP) as SSP has the same concept as PCK. In accordance, this study aims to measure the effect of using SSP through flipped learning on the pre-service chemistry teachers' TPACK. This research was conducted in Creswell's mixed-method. The subjects were 34 pre-service chemistry teachers from the chemistry education department in Indonesia. The data obtained from the pre-test and post-test were then analyzed by using Rasch's stacking-racking method. The result of this study indicated that pre-service chemistry teachers' ability (stacking method) from pre-test to post-test increased after being given the intervention. Then, the item analysis (racking method) showed that pre-service chemistry teachers found it easier to work on post-test items after being given the intervention. Based on the qualitative data, it was known that pre-service chemistry teachers could integrate technology with pedagogy and content in chemistry learning. It revealed that the intervention given during learning effectively affected the pre-service chemistry teachers' TPACK both in terms of personal ability and item difficulty level. Thus, strengthening TPACK since an early stage, as pre-service chemistry teachers, with specific treatments, could help them teach in real classrooms.
Neuroanatomy comprehension, an essential aspect of medical education, is important for understanding and diagnosing neurological cases. However, neuroanatomy is perceived as one of the most difficult ...subjects, thus contributing to the prevalence of neurophobia among medical students worldwide. This cross-sectional observational analytic study aimed to investigate the association of visual-spatial intelligence (VSI) levels and learning modality preferences with neuroanatomical comprehension levels among 229 freshman medical students of Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS), Indonesia. VSI level was measured using the Revised Purdue Spatial Visualization Test: Visualization of Rotations (PSVT:R); learning modality preference using the VAK or visual (V), auditory (A), and kinaesthetic (K) learning styles survey; and neuroanatomical comprehension level using neuroanatomy final examination. The results show a significant correlation between VSI and comprehension of neuroanatomy (r = 0.229; p < 0.0001), with notable differences in learning modality preferences. Students with visual preferences (V, VA, VK, and VAK) exhibited higher neuroanatomical comprehension compared to those without visual preferences (A, K, and AK). Visual learning modality preference was a significant predictor of VSI (β = 0.206; p = 0.006) and neuroanatomy comprehension (β = 0.161; p = 0.033), and VSI was a significant predictor of neuroanatomy comprehension (β = 0.305; p < 0.0001). This study highlights the importance of considering VSI and learning modality preference in the context of neuroanatomy comprehension among medical students.
Samin is an Indonesian tribe at Mount Kendeng, exactly in the cities of Blora and Bojonegoro. Samin people reject school, fez, polygamy, long trousers, and trade. Although they look like out of date, ...they have 7 good characters i.e discipline, honesty, responsibility, cooperation, tolerance, social care, and environmental care. This research aimed at investigating the strategies for implementing local wisdom-based character education among Indonesian higher education students by focusing on the values sated in Jamuskalimasada book of Samin Community. The data of this phenomenological research were collected by observation, interview, questionnaire, and documentation. The findings demonstrated that teaching character education in the higher education based on local wisdom could be conducted by integrating values and aesthetics in the course, internalizing positive values to students, habituation and training, providing example and model, creating characterized-situation based on local wisdom, and civilizing. Value-based vision of study program or campus can be achieved through educational strategy formulation including value habituation, value role model, value internalization, value integration in learning, and cultural value. Teaching character education was related to both character actualization programmed in the lesson plan and good example provision in the classroom and daily campus activities.
This research aimed at examining the effectiveness of collaboration of Jigsaw and problem-based learning (PBL) model in developing students' critical thinking skills. This research exerted an ...experimental design using pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest. The implementation of such model collaboration was carried out in SMK Batik 1 Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia by engaging 37 accounting students of class XI. Before and after the implementation of the twomodel collaboration, the students were given the tests of critical thinking skills which were set in the same composition. The research data were in the form of pretest and posttest scores which were analyzed by examining t-test and gain score whose calculation was assisted by SPSS 23 program. The result indicated that there was a difference between the pretest score and the posttest score with the significance level of 0,000 < 0,05. The average of pretest and posttest scores respectively referred to 48,44 and 68,93. Accordingly, the implementation of collaboration of Jigsaw and problem-based learning (PBL) model was effective in developing students' critical thinking skills. From this research finding, there was an impediment of time limitation in enacting the collaboration of the two models. This constraint happened while presenting the result of group discussion.
This research analyses the effect of digital learning material on students' social skills in social studies learning. Quantitative comparative was used as the method to compare the effectiveness of ...digital learning material and printed-out textbooks in improving students' social skills. The research participants were 80 junior high school students, which consisted of 40 students in the experimental group and 40 students in the control group. Students in the experimental group learnt social studies by using digital learning material, meanwhile, students in the control group used printed-out textbooks. The result of the research shows the difference between control group and experimental group, which is proven by the result of the independent sample t-test 0.028. It means that the experimental group, which uses digital learning material, has a greater average of students' social skills rather than the control group. This proves that digital learning material is more effective in improving students' social skills rather than the printed-out textbooks.
Critical thinking skills are one of the important skills in dealing with the demands and challenges of the 21st century. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Stimulating ...Higher-Order-Thinking Skills (Stim-HOTs) model in improving students' critical-thinking skills on cell metabolism topic. This research is quasiexperimental research with pretest-posttest control group design in one high school in Surakarta, Indonesia in 2017/2018 academic year with one class as the experimental class by using Stim-HOTs model while the other class as the existing class that uses discovery learning model. The data were obtained by using criticalthinking skill test instrument in the form of essay that has been through expert validations, namely the validation from the education and evaluation expert, biology expert, and the certified high school Biology teacher, as well as the empirical validation through try-out. The result showed that the average score of critical-thinking skill gain score calculation in the experimental class was higher by 0.66 compared to the existing class of 0.51.
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