Kramářské písně interdisciplinárně Šimečková, Marta
Linguistica Brunensia,
01/2021, Letnik:
69, Številka:
1
Book Review, Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Kosek, Pavel et al. Do Brna široká cesta: kramářské písně se světskou tematikou: katalog k výstavě: Moravské zemské muzeum, 4. září 2020 - 7. března 2021. Brno: Moravské zemské muzeum, 2020. 128 ...stran. ISBN 978-80-7028-532-9.
The paper deals with representative aspects of Moravian and Silesian minor place names containing the personal name Jan (English John). In the first part, formal features of the respective anoikonyms ...are described, i. e. dialectal phonology and morphology. Then the author focuses on historical and local variation (including communication variants), motivation and structure of representative names. Quali¬tative data analysis showed the most popular motivation was a relation to local per¬sons named Jan associated with the place ‒ property of the named object or a loca¬tion near this property. Objects have rarely been named by local persons associated with the place, e. g. a forest named by his founder. Sometimes the reason for naming is not known, because there is not a record of the namegiver’s motivation. In terms of structural analysis, two-word (or multiple-word) names predominate, especially the combination of possessive adjectives derivated from the personal name Jan and originally the common name of the object (e. g. vrch ‚hill‘, důl ‚mine‘). Other struc¬tural types are less common
O slovníkářství hravě a neotřele Šimečková, Marta
Linguistica Brunensia,
01/2020, Letnik:
68, Številka:
1
Book Review, Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Lišková, Michaela; Šemelík, Martin, eds. Jak se píší slovníky aneb Lexikografie pro každého. Vydání první. Praha: Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, 2019. 261 s. ISBN 978-80-7422-718-9.
The paper deals with the territorial spread of prothetic v- as a specific phonetic phenomenon of Czech. The analysis is focused on the old oikonyms excerpted from toponomastic lexicons in the manner ...of S. Utěšený. The research shows that 1) the inspected oikonyms (or generally onyms) are more benevolent to the prothetic v- than common nouns; 2) nonetymological v- is common in oikonyms from historical Bohemia and western Moravia since the second half of the 16th century, other regions (southern Bohemia, majority of Moravia and Silesia) conserve oikonymic forms without v-; 3) oikonyms have some specifics, e.g. lexicalization of prothetic v- or hypercorrection (elimination of etymological v-) more frequently than appellatives.
The paper is focused on territorial spread of the ý > ej diphthongisation as a specific phonetic phenomenon of the Czech language. The analysis is based on old oikonyms excerpted from two main Czech ...toponomastic lexicons. The research shows that 1) the earliest orthographic evidence for the ý diphthongisation appears in the thirteenth century, nevertheless some cases are uncertain as they may reflect German pronunciation (oikonyms as Tejn, Tejnec); 2) since the sixteenth century, ej (or monophthongised é) has occurred in oikonyms in historic Bohemia and western and central Moravia, other regions (most of Moravia and Silesia) have preserved oikonymic forms with the etymological ý; 3) a rare evidence for the ej in eastern Moravia and Silesia indicates that in earlier periods of the language development, the ej was a part of cultural language; 4) the first evidence for the diphthongisation of the „soft“ í has been registered since the sixteenth century and it is limited to a small number of oikonyms; 5) the diphthongisation has been based on intralingual causes of the Czech language, it is not a result of imitation of the German language development.
The analysis shows that the status of prothetic v- explored in old prints differs from contemporary common Czech. The non-etymological v- is conditioned by the following factors: 1) grammatical or ...lexical status of words (prothetic v- occurs most frequently in grammatical words, sporadically in prepositions vo 'about', vod 'from', in 3ʳᵈ-person personal pronouns and in pronominal adverbs); 2) prefixation or non-prefixation (v- is more common in non-prefixed words, less frequent in prefixed words with prefix o-, rare in words with prefix od-, and quite sporadic in words with prefix ob-); 3) semantics of words (v- is common in names of domestic things and works, on the contrary, it is not used in abstract words, literary expressions and borrowings); 4) lexicalization (the most lexicalized forms are e. g. vorati 'to plough', votava 'aftermath', votruby 'bran'); 5) literary genre (agricultural literature is more opened to the phenomenon in question than biblical texts or chronicles); 6) text topics (most benevolent are mathematical texts, less agricultural texts and the least medical texts); 7) other factors, especially extralinguistic.
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