In this study, we combine in situ fast differential scanning calorimetry (FDSC) with synchrotron X-ray measurements to study simultaneously the structure and thermophysical properties of materials. ...Using the example of the organic compound BCH-52, we show that the X-ray beam can heat the sample and induce a shift of the heat-flow signal. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of radiation on sample behavior. The calorimetric data is used to quantify the absorbed beam energy and, together with the diffraction data, reveal an irreversible damage of the sample. The results are especially important for materials with high absorption coefficients and for high-energy X-ray and electron beams. Our findings illustrate that FDSC combined with X-ray diffraction is a suitable characterization method when beam damage must be minimized.
In recent decades, small domestic wastewater treatment plants have become popular in rural areas of the Slovak Republic. The reason for the expansion of decentralized wastewater management is that ...many rural areas have scattered settlements, and a centralized wastewater disposal system is economically, technically demanding, and inefficient. The disadvantage of using small domestic treatment plants in terms of environmental protection is that these facilities have yet to be significantly monitored. Due to improper operation and maintenance, they can have a long-term negative impact on the environment and jeopardize the quality of water resources. Currently, a new law amendment is being introduced in Slovakia to promote regular inspections of these facilities. The aim of this contribution is to summarize the knowledge in the field of decentralized wastewater treatment in rural areas, present the new legislative framework, and focus on the need to develop a methodology for addressing identified problematic sites and proposing measures to ensure the good condition of groundwater and surface water in the territory of the Slovak Republic.
In this research study, we are using CFD to better understand processes in a wastewater settling tank. Secondary sedimentation tanks belong to the most important objects at the wastewater treatment ...line. CFD plays an important part in better understanding the processes from a standpoint of operation and optimization. We conducted four CFD simulations based on a verified model of a secondary settling tank at the wastewater treatment plant in Nitra, SK. The four simulations contain four different adjustments to the inlet zone of the tank. We reached a reduction in sludge zone velocity to 6 from 12 mm/s in a representative measurement profile. We also analyze the influence of temperature-induced viscosity changes based on seasonal temperature change.
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The lack of detailed knowledge about the interaction of the velocity field and suspended sludge poses an obstacle in designing more effective sedimentation tanks. This study investigates the use of ...CFD analysis of hydraulic processes and the influence of seasonal temperature change on a waste water treatment sedimentation tank. The object analysed in this pilot research is a part of the WWTP in Nitra-Dolné Krškany, SK. The analysis was conducted using the CFD model ANSYS Fluent
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, supported by field measurement data, which was gathered on two separate occasions in July 2015 and February 2016 at the sedimentation tank during operation. Three parameters were collected in 400 measurement points throughout the tank. During the research we analysed the data, looking for correlation with the CFD simulation to verify the results and correlations between the winter and summer period to determine the influence of varying temperatures.
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