Autor daje pregled relevantnih članaka i knjiga o sportskim temama na jugoslavenskom i postjugoslavenskom prostoru, objavljenih u domaćoj i inozemnoj historiografiji i humanističkim znanostima u ...posljednjih sedamdeset godina. U tom smislu će se međuodnos sporta, publike i društveno-političkih gibanja promatrati kao kulturna praksa na temelju koje se može stvoriti osnova za bolje razumijevanje
jugoslavenskog društva u razdoblju kasnog socijalizma.
Tourism is a relatively »new« social and economic phenomenon with origins that can, from a global perspective, be tracked back to the 19th century. Tourism reached truly massive proportions after the ...Second World War, becoming the economic backbone of many countries in Europe and the world. The first tourist localities along the eastern coast of the Adriatic appeared in the last two decades of the 19th century and succeeded in developing genuine tourist destination »physiognomies« in this period. These destinations had thus embarked on a long-term path of development into summer and winter destinations providing accommodation for the more affluent visitors. In this period, primarily due to the health benefits of the climate, several centres in Istria evolved into summer resorts renowned all over Europe, such as the Brijuni Islands, Opatija, Lovran, Portorož, and other locations, owing in large part to the vicinity of the Vienna-Trieste railway, with the routes Divača-Pula, Pivka-Rijeka and Budapest-Zagreb-Rijeka. Nevertheless, the primary purpose of this paper is to track the development of tourism using the example of less developed townships in the southern Istria (Medulin, Banjole), to examine the contribution of tourism to the economy of the above area and to research the influence of development of those places to the change of landscape in the period from the 1890s to the 1930s.
The development of tourism in the socialist Croatia upon the end of the Second World War was hampered for a number of reasons: the parts of the pre-war tourism capacities had been destroyed, ...devastated and neglected, political and economic crisis was present not only in Yugoslavia, but also on the potential markets of Eastern and Western Europe, which represented the basic requirement for the mobility of tourists, and the putting of focus on the post-war development of industry where tourism was playing a marginal role at first. In Istria the status of boarding houses, hotels and supporting services was satisfactory: Opatija and Lovran currently disposed with 4.500 beds, and the facilities on the islands of Brijuni and Mali Lošinj could shortly be made available to guests, with minor repairs and purchase of inventory. In the second half of the 1940s and during the 1950s, various measures were introduced, like paid holidays, promotional exhibitions of Croatian and Yugoslavian Tourist Association, propaganda articles in daily, weekly and monthly newspapers and different incentives to trade unions, in order to stimulate local guests to use vacation outside their place of residence, which could be defined as an entrance of tourism into the sphere of “the socialist man’s” everyday life, but also as an increased awareness of tourism as an industry of interest to the entire country. The next stage in the development of tourism, especially foreign, started in socialist Croatia in the 1960s. That happened for at least two main reasons: one was the sudden economic boom in post-war Europe, the so called “golden age”, and the other was the abolition of visas in 1963. for all countries with which Yugoslavia had diplomatic relations. Opening the borders to foreigners and the releasing of Pula airport in 1967 represented an impetus to the providers of tourist services in eastern Istria to increase their capacities and level of supply. However, the main aim of this paper is to answer the question to what extent tourism had participated in the economy of some places in the area of Pula (Banjole, Medulin, Pomer, Premantura) and to accompany that process from 1960s to 1980s.
Tourism is a relatively »new« social and economic phenomenon with origins that can, from a global perspective, be tracked back to the 19th century. Tourism reached truly massive proportions after the ...Second World War, becoming the economic backbone of many countries in Europe and the world. The first tourist localities along the eastern coast of the Adriatic appeared in the last two decades of the 19th century and succeeded in developing genuine tourist destination »physiognomies« in this period. These destinations had thus embarked on a long-term path of development into summer and winter destinations providing accommodation for the more affluent visitors. In this period, primarily due to the health benefits of the climate, several centres in Istria evolved into summer resorts renowned all over Europe, such as the Brijuni Islands, Opatija, Lovran, Portoroz, and other locations, owing in large part to the vicinity of the Vienna-Trieste railway, with the routes Divaca-Pula, Pivka-Rijeka and Budapest-Zagreb-Rijeka. Nevertheless, the primary purpose of this paper is to track the development of tourism using the example of less developed townships in the southern Istria (Medulin, Banjole), to examine the contribution of tourism to the economy of the above area and to research the influence of development of those places to the change of landscape in the period from the 1890s to the 1930s.
The development of tourism in the socialist Croatia upon the end of the Second World War was hampered for a number of reasons: the parts of the pre-war tourism capacities had been destroyed, ...devastated and neglected, political and economic crisis was present not only in Yugoslavia, but also on the potential markets of Eastern and Western Europe, which represented the basic requirement for the mobility of tourists, and the putting of focus on the post-war development of industry where tourism was playing a marginal role at first. In Istria the status of boarding houses, hotels and supporting services was satisfactory: Opatija and Lovran currently disposed with 4.500 beds, and the facilities on the islands of Brijuni and Mali Losinj could shortly be made available to guests, with minor repairs and purchase of inventory. In the second half of the 1940s and during the 1950s, various measures were introduced, like paid holidays, promotional exhibitions of Croatian and Yugoslavian Tourist Association, propaganda articles in daily, weekly and monthly newspapers and different incentives to trade unions, in order to stimulate local guests to use vacation outside their place of residence, which could be defined as an entrance of tourism into the sphere of "the socialist man's" everyday life, but also as an increased awareness of tourism as an industry of interest to the entire country. The next stage in the development of tourism, especially foreign, started in socialist Croatia in the 1960s. That happened for at least two main reasons: one was the sudden economic boom in post-war Europe, the so called "golden age", and the other was the abolition of visas in 1963. for all countries with which Yugoslavia had diplomatic relations. Opening the borders to foreigners and the releasing of Pula airport in 1967 represented an impetus to the providers of tourist services in eastern Istria to increase their capacities and level of supply. However, the main aim of this paper is to answer the question to what extent tourism had participated in the economy of some places in the area of Pula (Banjole, Medulin, Pomer, Premantura) and to accompany that process from 1960s to 1980s.
Background. Incidental
F-FDG uptake in the thyroid on PET-CT examinations represents a diagnostic challenge. The maximal standardized uptake value (SUV
) is one possible parameter that can help in ...distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid PET lesions.
Patients and methods. We retrospectively evaluated
F-FDG PET-CT examinations of 5,911 patients performed at two different medical centres from 2010 to 2011. If pathologically increased activity was accidentally detected in the thyroid, the SUV
of the thyroid lesion was calculated. Patients with incidental
F-FDG uptake in the thyroid were instructed to visit a thyroidologist, who performed further investigation including fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) if needed. Lesions deemed suspicious after FNAC were referred for surgery.
Results. Incidental
F-FDG uptake in the thyroid was found in 3.89% ― in 230 out of 5,911 patients investigated on PET-CT. Malignant thyroid lesions (represented with focal thyroid uptake) were detected in 10 of 66 patients (in 15.2%). In the first medical centre the SUV
of 36 benign lesions was 5.6 ± 2.8 compared to 15.8 ± 9.2 of 5 malignant lesions (p < 0.001). In the second centre the SUV
of 20 benign lesions was 3.7 ± 2.2 compared to 5.1 ± 2.3 of 5 malignant lesions (p = 0.217). All 29 further investigated diffuse thyroid lesions were benign.
Conclusions. Incidental
F-FDG uptake in the thyroid was found in 3.89% of patients who had a PET-CT examination. Only focal thyroid uptake represented a malignant lesion in our study ― in 15.2% of all focal thyroid lesions. SUV
should only serve as one of several parameters that alert the clinician on the possibility of thyroid malignancy.
Razvitak turizma u socijalističkoj Hrvatskoj po završetku Drugoga svjetskog rata bio je otežan zbog niza razloga: uništeni su, devastirani i zapušteni dijelovi prijeratnih turističkih kapaciteta, ...politička i gospodarska kriza bila je prisutna ne samo u Jugoslaviji nego i na potencijalnim tržištima istočne i zapadne Europe – što je osnovni preduvjet kretanja gostiju, a težište poslijeratnoga razvoja stavljeno je na razvitak industrije, pa turizam u prvo vrijeme ima marginalnu ulogu. U Istri je stanje pansiona, hotela i prateće ponude bilo zadovoljavajuće i oni su relativno brzo mogli biti stavljeni na raspolaganje gostima. U drugoj polovini 1940-ih i tijekom 1950-ih počinje se različitim mjerama stimulirati domaće goste da provode godišnji odmor izvan mjesta stanovanja, što se može označiti kao ulazak turizma u domenu svakodnevnoga života “novoga socijalističkog čovjeka”, ali i jačanje svijesti o turizmu kao gospodarskoj grani od interesa za cijelu državu. Iduća etapa razvoja turizma, osobito inozemnoga, u socijalističkoj Hrvatskoj počinje 1960-ih zbog najmanje dva razloga: jedan je nagli gospodarski uzlet u poslijeratnoj Europi, a drugi ukidanje viza 1963. za stanovnike država s kojima je Jugoslavija imala diplomatske odnose. Otvaranje granica strancima i puštanje u promet pulske zračne luke 1967. bio je poticaj davateljima turističkih usluga južne Istre da povećaju svoje kapacitete i razinu ponude. Ipak, glavni je cilj ovoga rada odgovoriti na pitanje u kojoj mjeri turizam participira u gospodarstvu pojedinih mjesta Puljštine (Banjole, Medulin, Pomer, Premantura) te pratiti taj proces od 1960-ih do kraja 1980-ih.
PDF
