Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by Babesia canis, with acute kidney injury as one of the common complications. In the study 8 healthy control dogs and 22 dogs with naturally ...occurring babesiosis were enrolled, with the aim to analyse differences in serum and urinary proteomes between healthy dogs and dogs with different degree of renal dysfunction in babesiosis using a label-based high-throughput quantitative proteomic approach. In serum, 58 proteins were found differentially abundant between healthy controls and groups of dogs with different degrees of renal dysfunction in babesiosis, while in urine there were 259 differentially abundant proteins. In addition, altered biological pathways were detected in the diseased dogs using bioinformatics tools and validation of several candidate biomarkers was performed.
The main aim of this comprehensive study was to perform analyses of serum and urinary proteomes of dogs with renal dysfunction in babesiosis compared to healthy dogs using, for the first time, a high-throughput proteomic method and functional enrichment analyses. Serum and urine samples of the same dogs were investigated in order to gain a more complete picture of pathologic changes taking place in renal dysfunction in babesiosis. We highlighted two putative biomarkers validated herein which could be of importance for early diagnosis of renal dysfunction in canine babesiosis, as they are easily accessible from urine and their concentration rises before the appearance of azotaemia: urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP).
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•Renal dysfunction in canine babesiosis•In serum, 58 proteins were found differentially abundant between groups.•In urine, 259 proteins were found differentially abundant between groups.•Two putative biomarkers for early diagnosis of renal dysfunction in canine babesiosis•Elucidating mechanisms leading to the development of kidney dysfunction in canine babesiosis
Water is one of the five elements that man has been in connection with in a continuous, special and profound way throughout history. By its structure, an angle between atoms, polarity, binding, no ...doubt it is a fascinating element. Water comes in three aggregate states; it is a universal solvent and, interestingly, a rare substance on Earth whose density is decreased if water temperature is below 4 °C. This is why ice
floats on water surface and what makes life possible. Recent very interesting studies have been made that point out the ability of water to store and transfer information. Aquaphotomics studies a so-far unknown world of water in a scientific way. There seems to be an influence on water and its structure through words, music, DNA, etc., via electromagnetic signals. The last four decades gave us an interesting insight through some interesting experiments. This should guide us not just to see the water in its chemical composition, but to see its spatial order of molecules too. Having this knowledge we should examine ourselves, fundamentally, based on the information we share and transmit. All human communication, negative or positive, and human action with and towards water can be reflected in the functioning of the
human organism, other living beings, and the ecosystems that they are part of and interfere in.
Retained placenta (RP), a quite common disorder in dairy cows, shows a high negative impact on their health status and milk production.
To investigate the difference in the serum proteome between the ...cows with RP and the physiologic puerperium (PP).
Analysis of serum samples from nine cows with RP and six with PP using high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry approach. The proteins differing in the relative abundance between the PP and RP groups were classified using the Protein Analysis Through Evolutionary Relationship tool. For the pathway enrichment analysis, the REACTOME tool, with the human genome as the background, was employed. The criterion for significance was the false discovery rate corrected P-value less than 0.05.
In total 651 proteins were identified with altered relative abundance of ten proteins. Among them, seven had higher, and three showed lower relative abundance in RP than in the PP group. The differently abundant proteins participated in 15 pathways: six related to hemostasis, three involved in lipoprotein metabolism, and the remaining ones associated with for instance redox homeostasis, post-translational modification, and scavenging. Finally, the validation of the proteomic results showed that haptoglobin and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels reliably differentiated between the RP and PP groups.
The pattern of serum proteome alterations in the cows with RP mirrored several interplaying mechanisms underlying the systematic response to the presence of RP, therefore representing a source to mine for predictive or prognostic biomarkers.
Zdrav međuodnos ljudi i životinja Žubčić, Damir; Loborec, Jelena; Zavrtnik, Saša
JAHR (Rijeka ),
12/2020, Letnik:
11, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Međuodnos ljudi i životinja prisutan je od osvita civilizacija. Kao što nam povijesni zapisi
ukazuju, nekada je on bio puno dublji i dalekosežniji. Da bi taj odnos bio zdrav, zasigurno mu temelj mora ...predstavljati empatija – suosjećanje. Tu su primjeri drevnih kultura poput starih Hebreja, Sjevernoameričkih Indijanaca ili Eskima. Svakodnevica kultura staroga vijeka, njihov odnos s bližnjima, živim svijetom, životinjama, bio je neraskidivo povezan. Iz tog se međuodnosa učilo, njega se poštovalo, isto se prenosilo na sljedeće generacije, što kao takvo evidentno predstavlja bioetički vid cjelovitijeg sagledavanja živoga i života, nasuprot današnjem segmentiranom i seciranom pristupu. Uistinu, naši su stari u praktičnom življenju prekrasno i puno govorili da su im životinje stvarno bile blago, a upravo to otkriva se i kroz spomenuti primjer pozivajući nas ne na neke nove, suvremene perspektive tog odnosa, nego na prisjećanje i primjenu onih starih i prokušanih pogleda i naputaka zapisanih, primjerice, u hebrejskom Zakonu, odnosno Tori. Danas nam je u našoj svekolikoj otuđenosti od živoga svijeta u njegovu izvornom prirodnom obliku, koji smo utoliko industrijalizirali i pretvorili u potrošački proizvod, potreban optimalan odnos u kojem na određeni način obje strane mogu biti zadovoljene s obzirom na svoje biološke potrebe te na bioetički aspekt kao pogled na život u cjelini u kojem smo svi umreženi. Ase u tom nazoru tkanja života takne ili potrga jedna nit, neminovno je da će se titraji, ako ne i same rupe, proširiti čitavim tkanjem i odraziti se na izgled i funkcioniranje života kakav poznajemo. Zato je prijeko potrebno preispitivanje i obrazovanje o njemu na temelju tisućljetnih prokušanih principa.
The interrelationship between man and animals has been present since the dawn of civilisations. It was deeper and broader before than it is now. For this relationship to be healthy, empathy must be the foundation for it. In the society of Eskimos, North American Indians, and old Hebrews, we can find an example of this. They had everyday life interconnected with a fellow man, the living world and animals. From that relationship they could learn, they respected it, transmitted it to the next generations. As our forefathers beautifully said, animals were a treasure for them. Today, we need an optimal relationship for both sides to be satisfied in a biological sense as well as in bioethical one when we see life as a whole in which we all are interconnected. If in this weaving of life, we touch or tear one thread, the shudders and even holes will spread through life as we know it. That is why reconsideration and education in this sense are more than needed.
Bovine mastitis is the most frequent disease on dairy farms, which leads to a decrease in the health welfare of the animals and great economic losses. This study was aimed at determining the ...quantitative variations in the milk proteome caused by natural infection by Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species in order to gain further understanding of any discrepancies in pathophysiology and host immune responses, independent of the mastitis level. After identification of Staphylococcus (N = 51) and Streptococcus (N = 67) spp., tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled quantitative proteomic and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques on a modular Ultimate 3000 RSLCnano system coupled to a Q Exactive Plus was applied on aseptically sampled milk from Holstein cows. Proteome Discoverer was used for protein identification and quantitation through the SEQUEST algorithm. Statistical analysis employing R was used to identify differentially abundant proteins between the groups. Protein classes, functions and functional-association networks were determined using the PANTHER and STRING tools and pathway over-representation using the REACTOME. In total, 156 master bovine proteins were identified (two unique peptides, p < 0.05 and FDR < 0.001), and 20 proteins showed significantly discrepant abundance between the genera (p < 0.05 and FDR < 0.5). The most discriminatory proteins per group were odorant-binding protein (higher in staphylococci) and fibrinogen beta chain protein (higher in streptococci). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2, thrombospondin-1, and complement factor I have diagnostic potential for differentiating staphylococci and streptococci intramammary infection and inflammation. Improved understanding of the host response mechanisms and recognition of potential biomarkers of specific-pathogen mastitis, which may aid prompt diagnosis for control implementation, are potential benefits of this study.
Pregnancy termination is a required procedure in companion animal practice. In healthy bitches with confirmed pregnancy, good results are obtained with the combination of prostaglandin F
2
and ...dopamine agonist, followed by regular sonographic examination until confirmed abortion. The aim of this study was to establish a simple and easily applicable procedure, with different dynamics of application of dinoprost and cabergoline. Dinoprost was administered intramucousally in the vestibule of vagina. Twenty bitches were divided into four equal groups. Group A received dinoprost and cabergoline daily; group B received dinoprost every 48 h and cabergoline daily; group C received dinoprost daily and cabergoline every 48 h, and group D received both cabergoline and dinoprost every 48 h. The treatment lasted until abortion was sonographically confirmed. The pregnancy was successfully terminated in all bitches, and side effects appeared in 90% animals, though they were of strong intensity in only 15% of bitches. Dinoprost administered intramucousally was effective with fewer undesirable, strong, systemic side effects. Drug administration every 48 h also induced abortion, with negligible side effects, but with slightly longer duration of treatment. This combination could be interesting in cases with time-limited owners and in countries where other drugs are unavailable.
Rad pruža osvrt na potrebu uvođenja kolegija koji bi se bavio bioetičkim konceptima u visokoškolskom obrazovanju na primjeru studijskog programa Inženjerstvo okoliša na Geotehničkom fakultetu ...Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Radi se o studiju iz polja Temeljnih tehničkih znanosti gdje se moralno-etički principi često samo načelno podrazumijevaju, najčešće u vidu tehničke etike. Iako profit tu igra veliku ulogu, moramo sagledati struku u širem kontekstu. U sklopu studija postoje kolegiji koji se u određenoj mjeri dotiču integrirane bioetičke tematike, ali u nedovoljnoj mjeri. U posljednje vrijeme počinje se prepoznavati mjesto koje bi bioetika mogla i trebala zauzimati u obrazovanju budućih inženjera okoliša s obzirom na to da će oni svoj profesionalni rad usmjeravati prema različitim aspektima. Pri tome treba imati na umu da njihovo inženjersko djelovanje utječe na kvalitetu života i zdravlje ljudi, kao i na dobrobit drugih živih bića s kojima smo neraskidivo povezani.
This paper offers a reflection on the need to introduce a course that would deal with bioethical concepts in higher education, based on the example of the Environmental Engineering study programme at the Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering, University of Zagreb. This study programme is in the field of fundamental technical sciences, where moral and ethical principles are often only generally implied as technical ethics. Although profit plays a huge role here, the profession needs to be viewed in a broader context. Currently, there are some courses which, in a certain measure, touch the integrative bioethical subjects, but that is not enough. Nowadays, it is obvious that bioethics could and should take place in the education of future environmental engineers since they will direct their profession towards different aspects. By doing so, they must be aware that their actions influence the quality and health of human life, as well as the wellbeing of other living creatures.
Neupitna je iznimno važna uloga koju pčele imaju u prirodi kao oprašivači biljaka i proizvođači određenih nezamjenjivih prirodnih proizvoda. No, u posljednje vrijeme sve se češće pčele spominju kao ...žrtve onečišćenja okoliša koje predstavlja stvarnu prijetnju njihovom opstanku. Pčele su opnokrilasti kukci koji broje oko 20 000 poznatih vrsta, a nama najpoznatija i najbliža je medonosna pčela, odnosno siva kranjska pčela (Apis mellifera carnica). Pčele su zaslužne za 87,5 % oprašivanja kod biljaka cvjetnjača, što je posebno važno u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji, dok se direktna korist od medonosnih pčela očituje i u pčelinjim proizvodima kao što su: med, vosak, propolis, pelud, otrov, matična mliječ. Stoga je ključno otkriti i pratiti na koji način i u kojoj mjeri onečišćivala poput teških metala i pesticida, iz vode, tla i zraka dospijevaju u biljke i njihove produkte kao i u same pčele. Sve se ono što pčele proizvode za sebe i ljudsku uporabu može odraziti na njihovo i na ljudsko zdravlje. Ovdje je potrebno sagledati cjelokupnu povezanost između, uvjetno rečeno, nežive prirode, tvari u vodi, tlu i zraku, s okolišnim uvjetima poput sve izraženije promjene staništa i klimatskih promjena te cjelokupni utjecaj na pčelinje populacije koje su se pokazale kao neprocjenjivi biopokazatelji u biomonitoringu onečišćenja okoliša.
Detection of new diagnostic markers would greatly influence the institution of preventive (control) protocols in bovine mastitis. Using the quantitative proteomics workflows and statistics for milk ...analysis, we identified that protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2, thrombospondin-1, and complement factor I have diagnostic potential for differentiating staphylococci and streptococci intramammary natural infection and inflammation, and subsequently gained a deeper understanding of the immunopathology of mastitis-related infection and inflammation for various etiological agents. Bovine mastitis is the most frequent disease on dairy farms, which leads to a decrease in the health welfare of the animals and great economic losses. This study was aimed at determining the quantitative variations in the milk proteome caused by natural infection by Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species in order to gain further understanding of any discrepancies in pathophysiology and host immune responses, independent of the mastitis level. After identification of Staphylococcus (N = 51) and Streptococcus (N = 67) spp., tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled quantitative proteomic and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques on a modular Ultimate 3000 RSLCnano system coupled to a Q Exactive Plus was applied on aseptically sampled milk from Holstein cows. Proteome Discoverer was used for protein identification and quantitation through the SEQUEST algorithm. Statistical analysis employing R was used to identify differentially abundant proteins between the groups. Protein classes, functions and functional-association networks were determined using the PANTHER and STRING tools and pathway over-representation using the REACTOME. In total, 156 master bovine proteins were identified (two unique peptides, p < 0.05 and FDR < 0.001), and 20 proteins showed significantly discrepant abundance between the genera (p < 0.05 and FDR < 0.5). The most discriminatory proteins per group were odorant-binding protein (higher in staphylococci) and fibrinogen beta chain protein (higher in streptococci). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2, thrombospondin-1, and complement factor I have diagnostic potential for differentiating staphylococci and streptococci intramammary infection and inflammation. Improved understanding of the host response mechanisms and recognition of potential biomarkers of specific-pathogen mastitis, which may aid prompt diagnosis for control implementation, are potential benefits of this study.
Use of animals for therapeutic purposes, animal assisted therapy or AAT is a method for improving quality of life for long-term inpatients. The object of this paper was to evaluate dog companionship ...as a form of AAT and its effects on perception of loneliness in geriatric nursing home residents. The participants were involved in a six-month program of dog companionship three times weekly for 90 minutes. There were 21 residents included in the program, with a mean age of 80 years. Loneliness was measured by the short version of the UCLA Scale of loneliness. Comparison of test results before and after participation in the program showed that dog companionship reduces the perception of loneliness.
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