Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and the main treatment methods for this condition are surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. These treatment methods are invasive and can cause severe ...adverse reactions among organisms, so nanomaterials are increasingly used as structures for anticancer therapies. Dendrimers are a type of nanomaterial with unique properties, and their production can be controlled to obtain compounds with the desired characteristics. These polymeric molecules are used in cancer diagnosis and treatment through the targeted distribution of some pharmacological substances. Dendrimers have the ability to fulfill several objectives in anticancer therapy simultaneously, such as targeting tumor cells so that healthy tissue is not affected, controlling the release of anticancer agents in the tumor microenvironment, and combining anticancer strategies based on the administration of anticancer molecules to potentiate their effect through photothermal therapy or photodynamic therapy. The purpose of this review is to summarize and highlight the possible uses of dendrimers regarding the diagnosis and treatment of oncological conditions.
Multiple Faces of the Glioblastoma Microenvironment Șovrea, Alina Simona; Boșca, Bianca; Melincovici, Carmen Stanca ...
International journal of molecular sciences,
01/2022, Letnik:
23, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The tumor microenvironment is a highly dynamic accumulation of resident and infiltrating tumor cells, responsible for growth and invasion. The authors focused on the leading-edge concepts regarding ...the glioblastoma microenvironment. Due to the fact that the modern trend in the research and treatment of glioblastoma is represented by multiple approaches that target not only the primary tumor but also the neighboring tissue, the study of the microenvironment in the peritumoral tissue is an appealing direction for current and future therapies.
Objective: Oral appliance therapy is a non-invasive treatment that offers a wide variety of oral devices for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The present review focuses on the ...effectiveness of mandibular advancement devices for the treatment of OSA.
Methods: A systematic review based on the PRISMA checklist was carried out. A detailed electronic database search was conducted using "Obstructive sleep apnea" AND "Oral appliance" AND "Dentistry" as keywords.
Results: The initial search in the electronic databases resulted in a total of 262 papers. After the title and abstract analysis and full-text review, the number of eligible papers was reduced to 15.
Conclusion: The mandibular advancement device is an effective treatment, improving the Apnea Hypopnea Index and the symptoms of patients with OSA in 92% of the subjects from all the investigated studies. The future may include the integration of a biosensor for the diagnosis and follow-up.
Abbreviations: OSA: Obstructive sleep apnea; MADs: Mandibular advancement devices; CPAP: Continuous positive airway pressure; OAT: Oral appliance therapy; MRD: Mandibular repositioning devices; MAS: Mandibular advancement splints; MAA: Mandibular advancement appliances; OA: Oral appliances; AASM: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; AHI: Apnea-hypopnea index; EEG: Sleep-related breathing disorder SRBD; Electroencephalogram; EOG: Electrooculogram; ECG: Electrocardiogram; QOL: Quality of life; TMJ: Temporomandibular joint.
The biomaterials used in guided bone regeneration have undergone significant diversification in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate alveolar bone addition and bone morphogenetic protein 7 ...(BMP7) expression using an improved autologous and xenogeneic biomaterial.
Chronic marginal periodontitis was induced in sheep; the intervention group received bone addition as periodontal therapy, using a composite system with lyophilized bovine bone enriched with atelocollagen type 1, platelet-rich plasma and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF). Six weeks after the intervention, the dentoalveolar structures were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining, to evaluate bone addition and BMP7 expression.
The untreated sheep showed inflammation, periodontal ligament destruction, remnants of calculus and bacterial plaque as well as foreign bodies in the desmodontal space, without sings of repair. In the treated sheep, fibroblasts/fibrosis, cartilage and/or new bone, cellular cementum and desmodontium, along with remnants of biomaterial with various degrees of cellularity were observed. In the untreated group, the presence of BMP7 was found in osteoblasts and osteocytes while in the treated group, it was mainly found in the biomaterial remnants, while immunohistochemical staining was less intense in the newly formed osteo-periodontal tissues. Quantitative analysis using the Mann-Whitney U-test showed highly statistically significant differences between the two groups, demonstrating the efficiency of this composite system.
The current composite system meets all the necessary conditions for promising guided alveolar bone regeneration.
The goal of this review is to integrate - in its two parts - the considerable amount of information that has accumulated during these recent years over the morphology, biology and functions of ...astrocytes - first part - and to illustrate the active role of these cells in pathophysiological processes implicated in various psychiatric and neurologic disorders - second part.
This clinical study included three patients aged between 50 and 78 years who had chronic marginal periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus, diseases that are frequently associated due to changes ...occurring in polymorphonuclear cells, as well as to alterations of microcirculation. No bone augmentation therapies were performed. Bone regeneration was strictly influenced by conventional periodontal therapy, supplemented with ten pulsed short wave sessions applied to the lower face shortly after closed periodontal curettage. The allocated time was ten minutes for the first two sessions, and 15 minutes for the following 8 sessions. Clinical and radiological evaluations were performed at the time of presentation, as well as after initiation of pulsed short wave therapy: in the first case, three weeks after initiation of therapy and three years after the end of complex oral rehabilitation; in the second case, eight weeks after the onset of pulsed short wave therapy and in the third case, five weeks after the onset of pulsed short wave therapy. The results were significant in all three cases, demonstrated radiologically by the same type of radiological examination at identical scales. Bone remineralization was obvious in the alveolar processes of the jaw. Although further studies in this direction are necessary, the results are both clinically and radiologically significant.
Key words: pulsed short waves, alveolar bone resorption, periodontal disease, diabetes,
This article focuses on the latest histological knowledge in the field regarding the peripheral lymphoid system mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT), ...gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), the thymus stroma, some of the various corpuscles of the human body (Hassall's corpuscles in thymus, arenaceous corpuscles in pineal gland, corpora amylacea in prostate and other locations) and Fañanas glial cells in the cerebellum.
Nowadays, adipose tissue appears to be the most valuable source in regenerative cell therapy, due to the following characteristics: high accessibility, high expression in a large number of ...individuals, high self-renewal and ability to differentiate, and hematopoietic support to the implant area. Its therapeutic potential has been experimentally observed in a broad spectrum of diseases with high population impact: diabetes, myocardial infarction, Parkinson disease, bone fractures, facial reconstruction or loss of subcutaneous tissue due to congenital abnormalities (e.g., hemifacial microsomy), trauma, burns, and tumors. Over 130 clinical trials using adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), majority phase I or phase II, have been registered with the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and in the short term no adverse reactions or significant risks were identified. Parallel with regulatory frameworks that control their safety and assess their efficacy, phase III trials are being developed. Although transplantation with adipose tissue is becoming more and more popular, there are still important drawbacks and technical challenges to be addressed, and clinical strategies to be developed. This review explores in a concise manner the present body of knowledge concerning ASCs and their implication in therapy.
The paper provides an overview of the current understanding of different cells’ biology (e.g., keratinocytes, Paneth cells, myoepithelial cells, myofibroblasts, chondroclasts, monocytes, atrial ...cardiomyocytes), including their origin, structure, function, and role in disease pathogenesis, and of the latest findings in the medical literature concerning the brown adipose tissue and the juxtaoral organ of Chievitz.
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