•We brought out a quantitative relationship between ionization enhancement and the amounts of the adherent ice on the sample.•Ice deposition method is suitable for mass imaging analysis because the ...original distribution of the sample constituents is maintained.•The adherent ice behaves as an additional source of protons and enhances the detection intensity of the sample in TOF-SIMS measurement.
Ice deposition onto the surface of biomaterials enhances ionization in time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). We studied this effect by depositing controlled amounts of ice onto dots containing 67fmol of angiotensin II (MW 1046) which were printed on a silicon substrate by an inkjet. The protonated parent ion was then measured using TOF-SIMS. It was found that the protonated parent ion intensity varies with the amount of ice. A density of approximately 1ng/mm2 of ice gave the highest intensity, which was roughly 10 times the original intensity. Comparison of optical and TOF-SIMS images of the printed dots indicated that the diffusion caused by ice deposition was negligible and that the original distribution of sample constituents was almost retained. An experiment using deuterated ice showed that the adherent ice behaved as a proton source.
Two kinds of fluctuations are always observed in the steady parts of normal sustained vowels. One is amplitude fluctuation, defined as the cyclic changes of maximum peak amplitudes. The other is ...period fluctuation, defined as the cyclic changes of pitch periods. The primary purpose of this paper is to present quantitative descriptions of amplitude and period sequences obtained from normal sustained vowels. These fluctuation sequences consisted of maximum peak amplitudes or pitch periods extracted successively from 512 consecutive pitch periods in the steady part. Results of the frequency analysis indicated that their frequency characteristics seemed to be subject to the spectral 1/f power law. In order to investigate the possibility that the frequency characteristics of the fluctuation sequences influence the voice quality of sustained vowels, psychoacoustic experiments were conducted. Amplitude and period sequences evaluated in the experiments were spectral 1/f0 (white noise), 1/f, 1/f2, and 1/f3 sequences, respectively. The experimental results indicated that the subjective voice quality of synthesized sustained vowels could reflect the differences in the frequency characteristics of the fluctuation sequences.
Field measurement of CO2 assimilation rate in plant leaves is done by clumping the leaf with a chamber and waiting a few minutes for each measurement using special carry on equipment. This costly and ...labor-intensive method has hindered the acquisition of large-scale data on photosynthesis of field grown plants. We created MIC-100, a new closed-type photosynthesis measurement device with a novel infrared gas analyzer cell that enables high-throughput measurement of leaf CO2 assimilation rate. The measurement time required for a single leaf using MIC-100 was reduced to one-seventh that of conventional open system devices, while similar values were obtained for the same leaf under high-light conditions. We also created two supporting technologies to obtain rapid photosynthesis measurements for field-grown rice: the upper-limb assist suit and the leaf area measurement system with a commercial document scanner. These systems enabled large-scale surveys of the natural genetic variation and ontogenetic changes among diverse sets of rice accessions. MIC-100 and the related systems will be useful for physiological studies with many other plant species and for growth surveys in the agricultural fields.
Several sinus floor elevation procedures for implant placement have been introduced. The present study aimed to evaluate the implants placed with Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) alone in atrophic ...posterior maxillae and survival rates and the potential factors associated with implant loss.
This retrospective study evaluated 71 implants in 34 patients after 1-7 years' follow-up time. Statistical models were used to determine the implant survival and the potential factors associated with loss.
Overall, 7 implants were lost, and the cumulative survival rate at 7 years by implant-based and patient-bases analyses were 85.5% and 85.7%, respectively. The mean residual bone height (RBH) was 4.26 mm. The implant survival rate was significantly lower at RBH < 4 mm than RBH ≥ 4 mm.
This retrospective study showed that sinus floor elevation with PRF alone could be applied in cases of lower RBH. However, it should be carefully performed in cases of RBH < 4 mm before surgery.
Platelet-rich fibrin, dental implant, sinus augmentation, retrospective study.
Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is defined as a tumor showing components of adenocarcinoma with well-formed ductal structures and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the same lesion. Only a few cases of ...oral ASC have been reported. The prognosis of ASC is generally poor. On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia is generally associated with pathological findings of well-differentiated SCC with low-grade malignancy. In this paper, we report a case of ASC on the tongue that developed during follow-up for leukoplakia. A 66-year-old woman visited our hospital with a chief complaint of a white painful tongue lesion in November 2009. At presentation, a white rough surface lesion measuring 18 × 8 mm was noted on the right margin of the tongue. The lesion was diagnosed to be oral leukoplakia on initial biopsy. After 3 years 10 months of observation, an erosive lesion was found at the same region. The lesion was diagnosed to be SCC on a second biopsy, and partial glossectomy was therefore performed. The surgical specimen revealed that growth and invasion of nuclear chromatin-rich atypical cells including Alcian-blue-positive mucous cells and partially recognized ductal structures. Finally, the lesion was diagnosed to be ASC (pT1N0M0). As of 4 years and 2 months postoperatively, the patient is doing well, with no evidence of recurrence.
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