Providing high quality of nursing care is extremely important with respect to the specific character of neurology, dealing with negative consequences of chronic and incurable diseases which often ...lead to disability. Quality in nursing denotes the degree of achieving the desired effects with respect to the state of health and health promoting attitudes. The precondition for the provision of quality is the development and implementation of the standards of care. The standard is an average typical model or pattern which is attainable and measurable, i.e. a basic level below which the performance is not acceptable. A standard contains the following criteria: structural (staff, technology, finance), process (provision of services), and effect measuring the effectiveness of the nursing care. The evaluation was conducted in the Neurology Ward at State Hospital No. 4 in Lublin by the assessment of the work of nurses and its effects, based on a sample of 85 patients. Evaluation was carried out by comparing the nursing standard provided in practice and the theoretical standard which covered a complete realisation of the structural criteria and partial fulfillment of process and effect criteria. This resulted in the majority of patients (61.5%) obtaining optimum functional independence.
We consider a parametric nonlinear regression model with independent and Gaussian errors. We assume that the number of observations is fixed and that the variance of errors tends to zero; we then ...derive the properties of confidence intervals for the parameters. These confidence intervals are calculated using both the quantiles of the estimator's asymptotic law and the quantiles of the estimator's bootstrap distribution. We show that if the pseudo-errors are simulated using the Gaussian distribution, then bootstrap can be applied successfully. The usual reduction in coverage error of confidence intervals is not, however, verified. A simulation study for a biadditive model shows the superiority of bootstrap when calculating confidence intervals for the interaction parameters.
Health education and radicular syndrome Adamczyk, K; Lorencowicz, R; Flis, D ...
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio D, Medicina,
2001, Letnik:
56
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The aim of the study was to determine the level of health education among 45 patients with radicular syndrome--21 males and 24 females aged 23-64. The level of health education was measured twice: ...prior to and after health education. At Stage I of the study the level of knowledge was generally low, the mean percentage of correct answers to all questions being 43.0%; whereas at Stage II this percentage was significantly higher, the level of knowledge was defined as satisfactory and increased by 33.4% reaching the value 76.5%. The highest level of knowledge was observed with respect to the principles concerning lifting and handling loads, as well as learning; while the lowest level--with respect to the correct standing position, both during the first and the second measurement (slightly over 50% of respondents correctly described this position.
To quantify the flow of particles over a heterogeneous area, some models require the integration of a pointwise dispersal function over source and target polygons. This calculation is a non-trivial ...task and may require a great deal of computing time. In this paper, an efficient and accurate algorithm is presented to integrate general individual dispersal functions between pairs of convex or non-convex polygons. Geometric calculations are performed using standard tools from computational geometry. Numerical integration is then performed either by a grid method or by an adaptive cubature method. The procedure is illustrated with a case study. It is shown that the cubature method is much more efficient than the grid method and that its error estimates are accurate. The algorithm is implemented in a C++ program, Califlopp
The silicon vertex detector (SVD) is installed at the heart of the Belle II experiment, taking data at the high-luminosity \(B\)-Factory SuperKEKB since 2019. The detector has shown a stable and ...above-99\% hit efficiency, with a large signal-to-noise in all sensors since the beginning of data taking. Cluster position and time resolution have been measured with 2020 and 2022 data and show excellent performance and stability. The effect of radiation damage is visible, but not affecting the performance. As the luminosity increases, higher machine backgrounds are expected and the excellent hit-time information in SVD can be exploited for background rejection. In particular, we have recently developed a novel procedure to select hits by grouping them event-by-event based on their time. This new procedure allows a significant reduction of the fake rate, while preserving the tracking efficiency, and it has therefore replaced the previous cut-based procedure. We have developed a method that uses the SVD hits to estimate the track time (previously unavailable) and the collision time. It has a similar precision to the estimate based on the drift chamber but its execution time is three orders of magnitude smaller, allowing a faster online reconstruction that is crucial in a high luminosity regime. The track time is a powerful information provided to analysis that allows, together with the above-mention grouping selection, to raise the occupancy limit above that expected at nominal luminosity, leaving room for a safety factor. Finally, in June 2022 the data taking of the Belle II experiment was stopped to install a new two-layer DEPFET detector (PXD) and upgrade components of the accelerator. The whole silicon tracker (PXD+SVD) has been extracted from Belle II, the new PXD installed, the detector closed and commissioned. We briefly describe the SVD results of this upgrade.
We present an interpolation algorithm for digital images based on the extended Edge-Directed Interpolation. The proposed algorithm utilises localisation and orientation of edges extracted with ...wavelet edge extractors. The algorithm chooses an interpolation method of a given point of an image, depending on localisation with respect to extracted edges. We apply our method to grey scale digital images. In this paper we propose also some modifications to the method. We present the results obtained with our algorithm, in comparison to a few popular interpolation algorithms and we propose a plan of further algorithm extensions.
The task of health education is to develop health-promoting attitudes. The training of neurological patients and their families on how to care for own health and cope with the disease is a primary ...task of a nurse. The aim of the study, carried out among neurological patients, was to evaluate the effectiveness of health education. The study covered 60 patients. The following components of health education were examined: life style, the technique of the measurement selected variables of arterial blood pressure, calculation of the BMI index, determination of the lipids level, demand for calories, control of life functions of the body, procedures in selected pathological symptoms in order to reduce their consequences and prevent complications. Health education activities resulted in a considerable improvement in the patients’ state of knowledge and skills. In general, the percentage of patients who represented the proper level of health education was 26.5% during the first stage of the study, and 64.2% during the second stage, i.e. a two-fold increase was observed.
The Silicon Vertex Detector (SVD), with its four double-sided silicon strip sensor layers, is one of the two vertex sub-detectors of Belle II operating at SuperKEKB collider (KEK, Japan). Since 2019 ...and the start of the data taking, the SVD has demonstrated a reliable and highly efficient operation, even running in an environment with harsh beam backgrounds that are induced by the world's highest instantaneous luminosity. In order to provide the best quality track reconstruction with an efficient pattern recognition and track fit, and to correctly propagate the uncertainty on the hit's position to the track parameters, it is crucial to precisely estimate the resolution of the cluster position measurement. Several methods for estimating the position resolution directly from the data will be discussed.
In 2019 the Belle II experiment started data taking at the asymmetric SuperKEKB collider (KEK, Japan) operating at the Y(4S) resonance. Belle II will search for new physics beyond the Standard Model ...by collecting an integrated luminosity of 50~ab\(^{-1}\). The silicon vertex detector (SVD), consisting of four layers of double-sided silicon strip sensors, is one of the two vertex sub-detectors. The SVD extrapolates the tracks to the inner pixel detector (PXD) with enough precision to correctly identify hits in the PXD belonging to the track. In addition the SVD has standalone tracking capability and utilizes ionization to enhance particle identification in the low momentum region. The SVD is operating reliably and with high efficiency, despite exposure to the harsh beam background of the highest peak-luminosity collider ever built. High signal-to-noise ratio and hit efficiency have been measured, as well as the spatial resolution; all these quantities show excellent stability over time. Data-simulation agreement on cluster properties has recently been improved through a careful tuning of the simulation. The precise hit-time resolution can be exploited to reject out-of-time hits induced by beam background, which will make the SVD more robust against higher levels of background. During the first three years of running, radiation damage effects on strip noise, sensor currents and depletion voltage have been observed, as well as some coupling capacitor failure due to intense radiation bursts. None of these effects cause significant degradation in the detector performance.
