Abstract
Acetowhite epithelium (AWE) is one of the main clinical indicator of papillomavirus infection in squamous cell lesions. AWE has a different intensity in various degree of the cervix ...papillomavirus infection. The digital approach gives the opportunity to estimate AWE intensity by numeric values. The investigation aim is a quantitative assessment of cervical surface changes in papillomavirus infection with digital analysis and computer technologies. The spread of AWE on the cervical surface area has a value of the cervix papillomavirus infection in squamous cell lesions. These two features provide to create the index intensity (IndInt) and index grey value (IndGV). Open-source software ImageJ was used to analysis of colposcopic images. The 8-bit mode was used for the estimation of the AWE grey value. The algorithm of digital analysis detected indicators that provide the severity of papillomavirus infection. The outcomes of an algorithm were the identification of the cervix surface condition severity by an objective quantification.
•PDT used as a combine method for cases with invasive cervical cancer.•Only three patients were treated by combine chemo-PDT.•If it possible, precancerous lesions should be treated by thermal ...ablation.•Patients screened positive with HR-HPV or VIA or HR-HPV followed VIA, WHO recommends applies thermal ablation or cryotherapy.•Full examination should be provided to detect HPV infection or precancerous lesions.•Estimation of five-year relapse-free period.•Invasive surgical procedures cannot provide HPV elimination.•HPV recurrences is the main factor of relapse.
The aim of this article is a retrospective analysis of PDT effectiveness in the treatment in early-stage cervical cancer and also analysis of HPV elimination via PDT
A total of 28 patients were analyzed retrospectively, all with PDT treatment for early-stage cervical cancer. Patients underwent one PDT session or a multi-course PDT approach. This depended on individual reaction and response to therapy after the first session. A multi-course approach was performed over two months. Treatments were performed from 2015 to 2020. Relapse-free probability was assessed for these patients by Kaplan Meier estimator at 60 months and HPV elimiantion was also examined..
HPV elimination was in 82% of cases in three-month period after PDT (R2 = 0.71). Among the analyzed cases, full HPV elimination was detected in more than 90% of cases. Relapse-free probability from cervical cancer is 0,8 (CI95%: 0,53–1) at 60 months. Patients had mild (35.7%) and severe (28.6%) leucocyte reactions after PDT in three months.
The article demonstrates treatment results for CC and detected a five-year period relapse-free probability after PDT. Patients completing a multi-treatment PDT protocol for invasive cervical cancer can achieve both high response rate and relapse-free survival.
Candida fungi are common opportunistic microorganisms capable of causing infections of various localization, as well as life-threatening conditions in immunocompromised patients, such as HIV-infected ...individuals, oncology patients, subjects undergoing HSCT, which number has been steadily increasing in recent years. In addition, resistance to anti-fungal drugs has been spreading as well. Naturally sensitive to azoles, C. albicans possess a variety of mechanisms of acquired resistance, including efflux transporters and target protein-encoding gene amplification. This study was conducted to assess a prevalence of such mechanisms in the isolates sample obtained from HIV-infected patients in the Moscow region of the Russian Federation, characterize a relationship between these mechanisms and patterns of developing drug resistance. 18 strains of C. albicans resistant to fluconazole and voriconazole were isolated from HIV-infected patients with recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis in the Moscow region. The expression levels of the ERG11, MDR1, CDR1, CDR2 genes involved in the formation of acquired azole resistance were measured using quantitative PCR, the 2CT method with ACT and PMA genes as control genes and reference values of sensitive isolates. Expression levels exceeding the average values of sensitive isolates by more than 3 standard deviations were considered significantly elevated. In most of the isolates, elevated levels of CDR1 and CDR2 gene expression were found: 89% and 78%, respectively. The expression level of the MDR1 gene was increased only in 28% of cases. ERG11 expression levels were significantly elevated in 78% of the isolates. Expression levels of all resistance genes studied were significantly increased in 4 strains. In this sample of C. albicans isolates, acquired resistance is mainly associated with efflux vectors encoded by the CDR1 and CDR2 genes. Also, in most isolates, an increased expression level for the azole target protein gene ERG11 was detected. The expression level of the efflux transporter gene MDR1 was increased in the smallest number of samples. It is also impossible to exclude a potential role of other mechanisms in developing acquired resistance, such as mutations in the ERG11 gene. It can be assumed that the identified mechanisms of resistance result from long-term, widespread, and sometimes uncontrolled use of azoles, including those in treatment and prevention of candidiasis in HIV-infected patients.
The prevalence of Fabry Disease (FD) with cerebrovascular complications varies in different populations. The aim of this study was to estimate the presence of FD among young stroke patients in ...northern Israel.
We performed a retro-/prospective search for FD in young patients (aged ≤50 years old) admitted to the Department of Neurology due to acute ischemic stroke of any etiology.
Overall, 114 patients were examined for FD. Mean age of patients was 40±7.44 years. There were 75 (65.78%) males. FD was found in 4 (3.5%) patients. None of the FD patients had a cryptogenic stroke.
The results of our study call for a search of FD in young stroke patients of any etiology, and not only among cryptogenic ones.
A convolutional neural network architecture SpiderNet designed for fraud detection has been proposed. The principles of pooling and convolutional layers in neural networks are very similar to the ...methods used by antifraud analysts in their research. In addition, the skip-connections used in neural networks make it possible to use features of various power in antifraud models. Our experiments have shown that SpiderNet provides better quality compared to Random Forest, CNN, DenseNet, and F-DenseNet (adapted for antifraud modeling problems) neural networks. Also, new approaches for anti-fraud rules (B-tests and W-tests) have been proposed. The SpiderNet code is available at
https://github.com/aasmirnova24/SpiderNet
.
The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase and the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LP) in the myocardial tissue and blood plasma in males of the Wistar line at the ages of 4, 12, and ...24 months under experimental postinfarction cardiosclerosis (PICS) were assessed. The animals underwent coronary occlusion to form PICS. After 42 days, the content of lipid-peroxidation products and the antioxidant enzyme activity were determined in samples of the myocardium of the left ventricle and the blood plasma of intact and PICS animals. It was found that an age-dependent decrease in the antioxidant enzyme activity and an increase in the accumulation of lipid-peroxidation products were observed in an intact state in the myocardial tissue and blood plasma in rats. The formation of PICS in 4-month-old animals is accompanied by a pronounced accumulation of lipid-peroxidation products against the background of a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In 12-month-old rats, PICS is accompanied by inhibition of LP processes against the background of a decrease in the antioxidant enzyme activity. A less pronounced activation of lipid peroxidation, an increase in SOD activity, and a decrease in catalase activity are noted in the myocardium of animals aged 24 months on the 42nd day of PICS formation in comparison with intact animals. The rate of LP-product formation and the antioxidant enzyme activity in the myocardium and blood plasma of rats of different age groups in the late stages of postinfarction remodeling have age- and tissue-specific dependences.
The results of evaluating the effectiveness of C. diphtheriae inoculation using different types of dry swabs in studies simulating various conditions of its storage at the preanalytical stage of a ...laboratory study for diphtheria are presented. A typical toxigenic strain of C. diphtheriae biovar gravis No. 665 was used. A commercial dry, sterile cotton swab probe (Ningbo Greetmed Medical Instruments Co., LTD, China), a commercial dry, sterile swab probe (plastic and viscose) (COPAN, Italy), tufters with a fluffy probe-tampon on a polystyrene applicator, standard (DELTALAB, SL, Spain). The tampons were pooled with a 24-hour bacterial culture of C. diphtheriae, then immediately seeded on Tellurite-containing blood agar and Corynebacagar. Storage conditions were simulated for 3 hours: at room conditions +(20-25)°C, in the refrigerator +(4-8)°C, in a thermostat +(37±1)°C. Optimal storage of C. diphtheriae on all three types of dry swabs at + (4-8) ° C; at +(20-25)° C - growth is observed when seeding from a cotton swab; in a swab with a fleecy probe-tampon, a decrease in the inoculation of C. diphtheriae was noted; when using a viscose swab - a significant loss of C. diphtheriae. At +(37±1)°C, a significant decrease in the inoculation of C. diphtheriae on all three types of tampons was noted, up to the absence of growth when using a viscose tampon. To exclude the loss of C. diphtheriae, it is necessary to observe the conditions for taking and storing biological material at the preanalytical stage of a laboratory study, which will improve the quality of laboratory microbiological studies for diphtheria infection.
We studied respiratory activity and microviscosity of mitochondrial membranes from the left ventricular myocardium of 2-month-old (
n
=8) and 15-month-old (
n
=8) rats. The respiratory control (RC) ...during substrate phosphorylation was calculated as the ratio of oxygen absorption rates in the presence of ADP and after its utilization. In 2-month-old rats, RC was 4.66 (4.56; 4.71); in 15-month-old animals, it was significantly (
р
<0.05) lower: 3.57 (3.50; 3.62). Pyrene probe eximerization indices for regions of protein-lipid and lipid-lipid interactions in mitochondria of 2-month-old animals were significantly lower than in the group of 15-month-old rats, which indicated reduced microviscosity of the lipid environment of proteins. Thus, the decrease in RC of mitochondria from the left ventricle of 15-month-old animals and the increase in the microviscosity coefficients of their membranes indicate age-related changes in the structural and functional activity of mitochondria.
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