Plants are one of the best sources to obtain a variety of natural surfactants in the field of green synthesizing material. Sambucus ebulus, which has unique natural properties, has been considered a ...promising material in traditional Asian medicine. In this context, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were prepared using S. ebulus leaf extract, and their physicochemical properties were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed that the prepared ZnO NPs are highly crystalline, having a wurtzite crystal structure. The average crystallite size of prepared NPs was around 17 nm. Green synthesized NPs showed excellent absorption in the UV region as well as strong yellow-orange emission at room temperature. Prepared nanoparticles exhibited good antibacterial activity against various organisms and a passable photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye pollutants. The obtained results demonstrated that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs reveal interesting characteristics for various potential applications in the future.
The most important thing in the startup procedure or the long-term operation of radio frequency (RF) cyclotrons especially azimuth variable field (AVF) cyclotrons, is the resonance frequency ...stability of the cavities. Generally, servo-motors or stepper motors are used to adjust the tuners of cavities. Actually, proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller-based servo-motor drivers have many problems for long-term operation, such as the tuner’s temperature dependence, shot noise, and so on. Our model predictive controller (MPC) or MPC-based smart linear servo-motor driver in a multi-input and single-output state, with artificial intelligence (AI), can solve usual and unusual problems in order to control the speed and/or position. In other words, the MPC is a progressive strategy of process control to control the process and provides satisfaction limitations. Additionally, this real-time controller can reduces the time needed for the startup procedure and minimizes the number of failures during long-term operation.
In this research, graphene oxide-zinc oxide nanocomposite film (GO-ZnO) was prepared by cost-effective solvothermal, spin-spray coating methods and studied for its UV sensing properties. I-V curve of ...prepared nanocomposite was recorded under illumination of an ultraviolet lamp. SEM and TEM images indicated the layer formation of GO and showed a uniform distribution of ZnO nanoparticles into GO nanosheets. XRD, Raman and EDX results indicated characteristic peaks of GO, ZnO and related elements in composite. For the first time based on ion beam induced luminescence (IBIL) study, GO-ZnO nanocomposite exhibited strong light emission in the UV-blue range at room temperature. The photoluminescence and IBIL investigations indicated that the optical quality of the GO-ZnO nanocomposite was improved compared with pure ZnO. The sensitivity in GO-ZnO composite and ZnO sample for VBias = 5 v was obtained about 24 and 3 respectively. The GO-ZnO nanocomposite with ZnO particle size of 20–30 nm showed higher sensitivity and faster response time as compared to bare ZnO. According to obtained results, it is anticipated that GO-ZnO nanocomposite would hold suitable potential for application in UV–Vis optoelectronic devices.
•GO-ZnO nanocomposite was prepared successfully.•Prepared nanocomposite exhibited strong UV-blue emission peak under photo and ion beam excitation at room temperature.•GO-ZnO composite showed suitable response for UV detection.
In this study, the scintillation and optical properties of pure and silver doped potassium chloride (KCl:Ag) single crystals were reported. Pure and doped KCl bulk single crystals with a good optical ...quality and free from cracks were grown from the melt using Czochralski technique. Different analysis methods were used to study the optical and scintillation properties of the grown crystals. The XRD, EDX and SEM results confirmed the formation of KCl compound. The UV excitation, X and gamma rays were employed to evaluate the scintillation and optical properties of the synthesized samples. The X-ray induced luminescence spectrum of doped crystal showed the prominent blue emission at 400-460 nm wavelength region. Also, the thermoluminescence response of doped sample showed a strong TL glow peak at 200 and proper linear ranges as a function of dose making it a promising candidate for dosimetry and photonic applications.
The application of TPFHL as a novel two-phase flow Homogenizer loop in conjunction with the gamma-ray attenuation technique is emphasized. The capability of this instrumentation, to measure the ...volume fraction of iron ore powder-water two-phase mixture was demonstrated. In moving towards achieving the ability to use the above facility for two-phase mixtures with low density difference between phases, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations carried out to get the good geometry condition regarding to pencil-beam collimators used both for gamma-ray source and scintillation detector opposed it. Why of different types of oil compositions, it was used Normal-Decane (ND) as a good as well as a standard alternative to replace oil in oil–water experiments. In the following an optimum distance between a radioactive source and detector was achieved, which resulted in the maximum permissible accuracy for ND-water volume fraction measurements. Finally, different volume fractions of ND-water mixture were prepared and the corresponding fractions to each one were calculated.
Display omitted
•This article focuses on volume fraction measurement for Normal-Decane plus water as a good alternative for oil–water two-phase mixture, by means of a novel homogenizer (TPFHL) in conjunction with the gamma-ray attenuation technique.•It was endorsed the above instrumentation in a validation process by measuring different volume fractions of iron-ore powder plus water mixtures. The given results in Table 1 show an acceptable performance of the presented instrumentation.•It seen large uncertainties in low powder volume fractions why of the inherently error which exists for complete homogenization achievement in these conditions.•In moving towards achieving an appropriate gamma source collimator holes depth and diameter, not only establishment of a good geometry condition is necessary, but also reducing the peripheral to total flux as a main source of noise is a need.•It showed pipe diameters of 7, 8, 9, and 10cm as the proper ones which result in about 4000 count/sec as the appropriate ones to work with scintillation detectors, whereas in 8cm the best achievable uncertainty could be achieved in volume fraction measurements.
Transport of gamma photons in many fields such as radiation detection, dosimetry, and treatment planning is used. The transport of 1 MeV and 5 MeV photons in a water phantom was simulated by using ...the Monte Carlo algorithm in Matlab work space. The result of KERMA calculation showed good agreement with Arqueros and Montesinos American Journal of Physics 71 (2003), no. 1, 38–45, and MCNP4C. The proposed algorithm has ability to read out from different cross section libraries. As the future work, it also can be extend for the electron and visible photon transport.
Plants are one of the best sources to obtain a variety of natural surfactants in the field of green synthesizing material. Sambucus ebulus, which has unique natural properties, has been considered a ...promising material in traditional Asian medicine. In this context, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were prepared using S. ebulus leaf extract, and their physicochemical properties were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed that the prepared ZnO NPs are highly crystalline, having a wurtzite crystal structure. The average crystallite size of prepared NPs was around 17 nm. Green synthesized NPs showed excellent absorption in the UV region as well as strong yellow-orange emission at room temperature. Prepared nanoparticles exhibited good antibacterial activity against various organisms and a passable photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye pollutants. The obtained results demonstrated that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs reveal interesting characteristics for various potential applications in the future. Keywords: ZnO nanoparticles; Sambucus ebulus; extract; photocatalytic; antibacterial activity
In this paper, a beta radioluminescent battery with different radioisotopes is studied, and different parameters of the proposed structure are optimized. These parameters include the luminescent ...layer thickness, the doping concentration in the semiconductor P-N junction, etc. Some of the parameters have an inverse effect on the battery outputs. So, a trade-off is sought between them to increase efficiency. Each part of the proposed structure is divided into much smaller parts in the simulations to ensure proper tracking of photons and the creation of electron holes in the semiconductor layer. Also, the passage of particles through each layer is carefully reviewed and calculated in terms of particle crossing percentage, their reflection percentage, rate of self-absorption, etc. Finally, the power, open-circuit voltage, and short-circuit current density of the proposed battery versus the main parameter changes are presented.
PDF
