ABSTRACT
Elemental abundances of the most metal-poor stars reflect the conditions in the early Galaxy and the properties of the first stars. We present a spectroscopic follow-up of two ...ultra-metal-poor stars (Fe/H < −4.0) identified by the survey Pristine: Pristine 221.8781+9.7844 and Pristine 237.8588+12.5660 (hereafter Pr 221 and Pr 237, respectively). Combining data with earlier observations, we find a radial velocity of −149.25 ± 0.27 and −3.18 ± 0.19 km s−1 for Pr 221 and Pr 237, respectively, with no evidence of variability between 2018 and 2020. From a one-dimensional (1D) local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) analysis, we measure Fe/HLTE = −4.79 ± 0.14 for Pr 221 and −4.22 ± 0.12 for Pr 237, in good agreement with previous studies. Abundances of Li, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, Fe, and Sr were derived based on the non-LTE (NLTE) line formation calculations. When NLTE effects are included, we measure slightly higher metallicities: Fe/HNLTE = −4.40 ± 0.13 and −3.93 ± 0.12, for Pr 221 and Pr 237, respectively. Analysis of the G band yields C/Fe1D-LTE ≤ +2.3 and C/Fe1D-LTE ≤ +2.0 for Pr 221 and Pr 237. Both stars belong to the low-carbon band. Upper limits on nitrogen abundances are also derived. Abundances for other elements exhibit good agreement with those of stars with similar parameters. Finally, to get insight into the properties of their progenitors, we compare NLTE abundances to theoretical yields of zero-metallicity supernovae (SNe). This suggests that the SNe progenitors had masses ranging from 10.6 to 14.4 M⊙ and low-energy explosions with (0.3–1.2) × 1051 erg.
Distinguishing between congenital and infantile hemangiomas is challenging, but essential for appropriate treatment. The immunohistochemical marker glucose transporter type 1 is helpful, but biopsies ...are uncommon in this setting. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe and compare epidemiological, clinical, and treatment characteristics of congenital and infantile hemangiomas diagnosed at a tertiary care hospital over 3 years. We studied 107 hemangiomas: 34 congenital hemangiomas (rapidly involuting, partially involuting, and noninvoluting), 70 infantile hemangiomas, and 3 hemangiomas pending classification. Superficial infantile hemangiomas of the head and neck were the most prevalent tumors. Congenital hemangiomas were most often located on the trunk. Studied risk factors were more common in patients with infantile hemangiomas. In this group of patients, treatment response was independent of sex, in vitro fertilization, lesion depth and location, and type of treatment.
El diagnóstico diferencial clínico entre los hemangiomas congénitos (HC) y los infantiles (HI) es complicado pero esencial para el tratamiento. El marcador inmunohistoquímico GLUT-1 ayuda a distinguirlos, sin embargo, la biopsia no es habitual. Se diseñó un estudio retrospectivo incluyendo los HI y a los HC diagnosticados en un hospital terciario en un periodo de tres años, con el objetivo de describir y comparar los principales aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos y terapéuticos. Se incluyeron un total de 107 hemangiomas, 34 HC (NICH/PICH/RICH), 70 HI y tres pendientes de clasificar. El HI superficial de cabeza y cuello fue el tumor más frecuente. El tronco fue la localización más frecuente de los HC. Los factores de riesgo estudiados fueron más frecuentes en el grupo de los HI. Para los HI, el tipo de respuesta obtenida fue independiente de las variables (sexo, fecundación in vitro, profundidad, localización y tipo de tratamiento).
This research work proposes an innovative water resource recovery facility (WRRF) for the recovery of energy, nutrients and reclaimed water from sewage, which represents a promising approach towards ...enhanced circular economy scenarios. To this aim, anaerobic technology, microalgae cultivation, and membrane technology were combined in a dedicated platform. The proposed platform produces a high-quality solid- and coliform-free effluent that can be directly discharged to receiving water bodies identified as sensitive areas. Specifically, the content of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in the effluent was 45 mg COD·L
, 14.9 mg N·L
and 0.5 mg P·L
, respectively. Harvested solar energy and carbon dioxide biofixation in the form of microalgae biomass allowed remarkable methane yields (399 STP L CH
·kg
COD
) to be achieved, equivalent to theoretical electricity productions of around 0.52 kWh per m
of wastewater entering the WRRF. Furthermore, 26.6% of total nitrogen influent load was recovered as ammonium sulphate, while nitrogen and phosphorus were recovered in the biosolids produced (650 ± 77 mg N·L
and 121.0 ± 7.2 mg P·L
).
We present the discovery and characterisation of two transiting planets observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) orbiting the nearby (d⋆ ≈ 22 pc), bright (J ≈ 9 mag) M3.5 dwarf ...LTT 3780 (TOI–732). We confirm both planets and their association with LTT 3780 via ground-based photometry and determine their masses using precise radial velocities measured with the CARMENES spectrograph. Precise stellar parameters determined from CARMENES high-resolution spectra confirm that LTT 3780 is a mid-M dwarf with an effective temperature of T(eff) = 3360 ± 51 K, a surface gravity of log g⋆ = 4.81 ± 0.04 (cgs), and an iron abundance of Fe/H = 0.09 ± 0.16 dex, with an inferred mass of M⋆ = 0.379 ± 0.016M⊙ and a radius of R⋆ = 0.382 ± 0.012R⊙. The ultra-short-period planet LTT 3780 b (P(b) = 0.77 d) with a radius of 1.35(−0.06,+0.06) R⊕, a mass of 2.34(−0.23,+0.24) M⊕, and a bulk density of 5.24(−0.81,+0.94) g/cu.cm joins the population of Earth-size planets with rocky, terrestrial composition. The outer planet, LTT 3780 c, with an orbital period of 12.25 d, radius of 2.42(−0.10,+0.10) R⊕, mass of 6.29(−0.61,+0.63) M⊕, and mean density of 2.45(−0.37,+0.44) g/cu.cm belongs to the population of dense sub-Neptunes. With the two planets located on opposite sides of the radius gap, this planetary system is an excellent target for testing planetary formation, evolution, and atmospheric models. In particular, LTT 3780 c is an ideal object for atmospheric studies with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).
ABSTRACT
We present a super-Earth orbiting close to the inner edge of the habitable zone of the cool dwarf star K2-286 (EPIC 249889081), detected with data from the K2 mission in its 15th campaign. ...The planet has radius of 2.1 ± 0.2 R⊕, near the 1.5–2.0 R⊕ gap in the radii distribution. The equilibrium temperature is $347^{+21}_{-11}$ K, cooler than most of the small planets with well-measured masses, and the orbital period is 27.359 ± 0.005 d. K2-286, located at a distance of 76.3 ± 0.3 pc, is an M0V star with estimated effective temperature of 3926 ± 100 K, less active than other M dwarf stars hosting exoplanets. The expected radial velocity semi-amplitude induced by the planet on the star is $1.9^{+1.3}_{-1.2}$ m s−1, and the amplitude of signals in transit transmission spectroscopy is estimated at 5.0 ± 3.0 ppm. Follow-up observations for mass measurements and transit spectroscopy should be desirable for this relatively bright target (mV = 12.76, mKs = 9.32) hosting a transiting super-Earth within the inner edge of the habitable zone.
Summary
Prevalence and risk factors of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal RA women were assessed in 323 patients and compared with 660 age-matched women. Of patients, 24.15% had at least one ...vertebral fracture vs.16.06% of controls. Age, glucocorticoids and falls were the main fracture risks. Vertebral fractures were associated with disease severity.
Introduction
There is little quality data on the updated prevalence of fractures in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that may have changed due to advances in the therapeutic strategy in recent years. This study was aimed at analysing the prevalence and risk factors of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with RA and comparing it with that of the general population.
Methods
We included 323 postmenopausal women diagnosed with RA from 19 Spanish Rheumatology Departments, randomly selected and recruited in 2018. Lateral radiographs of the thoracic and lumbar spine were obtained to evaluate morphometric vertebral fractures and the spinal deformity index. We analysed subject characteristics, factors related to RA, and fracture risk factors. The control group consisted of 660 age-matched Spanish postmenopausal women from the population-based Camargo cohort.
Results
Seventy-eight (24.15%) RA patients had at least one vertebral fracture. RA patients had increased fracture risk compared with controls (106 of 660, 16.06%) (
p
= 0.02). Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR 2.17; 95% CI 1.27–4.00), glucocorticoids (OR 3.83; 95% CI 1.32–14.09) and falls (OR 3.57; 95% CI 1.91–6.86) were the independent predictors of vertebral fractures in RA patients. The subgroup with vertebral fractures had higher disease activity (DAS28: 3.15 vs. 2.78,
p
= 0.038) and disability (HAQ: 0.96 vs. 0.63,
p
= 0.049), as compared with those without vertebral fractures.
Conclusion
The risk of vertebral fracture in RA is still high in recent years, when compared with the general population. The key determinants of fracture risk are age, glucocorticoids and falls. Patients with vertebral fractures have a more severe RA.
In Penicillium chrysogenum the beta-lactam biosynthetic pathway is compartmentalized. This fact forces the occurrence of transport processes of penicillin-intermediate molecules across cell ...membranes. Many aspects around this molecular traffic remain obscure but are supposed to involve transmembrane transporter proteins. In the present work, an in-depth study has been developed on a Major Facilitator-type secondary transporter from P. chrysogenum named as PenM. The reduction of penM expression level reached by penM targeted silencing, leads to a decrease in benzylpenicillin production in silenced transformants, especially in SilM-35. On the contrary, the penM overexpression from a high efficiency promoter increases the benzylpenicillin production and the expression of the biosynthetic genes. Moreover, when the silenced strain SilM-35 is cultured under penicillin production conditions with 6-aminopenicillanic acid supplementation, an increase in the benzylpenicillin production proportional to the 6-aminopenicillanic acid availability is observed. By this phenomenon, it can be concluded that due to the penM silencing the benzylpenicillin transport remains intact but the peroxisomal isopenicillin N import results affected. As a culminating result, obtained by the expression of the fluorescent recombinant PenM-DsRed protein, it was determined that PenM is naturally located in P. chrysogenum peroxisomes. In summary, our experimental results suggest that PenM is involved in penicillin production most likely through the translocation of isopenicillin N from the cytosol to the peroxisomal lumen across P. chrysogenum peroxisomal membrane.
•The penM gene encodes a membrane protein in Penicillium chrysogenum.•penM gene silencing and oveerexpresion affects the benzylpenicillin production.•6-APA feeding increases the benzylpenicillin production in SilM35 (silenced strain).•Localization studies showed that PenM protein is located in the peroxisomal membrane.•PenM could be implicated in the import of IPN to the peroxisome from the cytosol.
A new vanguard–rearguard analytical method for determining 54 pesticide residues in different fruit juices (natural and commercial orange, peach and pineapple juices were tested) is proposed. For ...that, in a first step, a fast screening (vanguard) method is applied for detecting those samples containing pesticides at concentrations above a pre-established cut-off value. In a second step, those samples are re-analyzed by a conventional pesticide residue (rearguard) method that confirms the presence of the pesticides and quantifies them. The sample process is very simple, fast and semiautomatic and therefore, it reduces significantly the average time required per sample, increases precision and minimizing human mistakes. Only 1
mL of juice sample is required for analysis. Pesticides are quickly extracted with ethyl acetate in a test tube, transferred to a mixture water:acetone 9:1 (v/v), and isolated by solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The SPME screening method only requires 10
min of SPME extraction. The SPME confirming/quantifying method requires 55
min of SPME extraction. The instrumental determination is carried out by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) using a full scan acquisition mode for the screening method (less than 17
min of chromatographic run) and a tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) acquisition mode for the quantifying/confirming method (less than 70
min of chromatographic run). The use of full scan MS and tandem MS for the detection increase significantly the certainty of the results. Also, the combination of a solvent and SPME extractions and GC–MS/MS offers a significant selectivity and sensitivity with a proven reduction of false positive and negative cases. The use of a vanguard–rearguard strategy can reduce the 50% of the total time required for determining routinely juices in a laboratory by a traditional strategy (identification, confirmation and quantitation of the pesticides in the samples by a conventional analytical method).
We have identified new clusters and characterized previously unknown
Planck
Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) sources from the first
Planck
catalogue of SZ sources (PSZ1). The results presented here correspond ...to an optical follow-up observational programme developed during approximately one year (2014) at Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, using the 2.5 m
Isaac Newton
telescope, the 3.5 m Telescopio Nazionale
Galileo
, the 4.2 m
William Herschel
telescope and the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias. We have characterized 115 new PSZ1 sources using deep optical imaging and spectroscopy. We adopted robust criteria in order to consolidate the SZ counterparts by analysing the optical richness, the 2D galaxy distribution, and velocity dispersions of clusters. Confirmed counterparts are considered to be validated if they are rich structures, well aligned with the
Planck
PSZ1 coordinate and show relatively high velocity dispersion. Following this classification, we confirm 53 clusters, which means that 46% of this PSZ1 subsample has been validated and characterized with this technique. Sixty-two SZ sources (54% of this PSZ1 subset) remain unconfirmed. In addition, we find that the fraction of unconfirmed clusters close to the galactic plane (at |
b
| < 25°) is greater than that at higher galactic latitudes (|
b
| > 25°), which indicates contamination produced by radio emission of galactic dust and gas clouds on these SZ detections. In fact, in the majority of the cases, we detect important galactic cirrus in the optical images, mainly in the SZ target located at low galactic latitudes, which supports this hypothesis.
Aims. The Planck catalogues of Sunyaev –Zeldovich (SZ) sources, PSZ1 and PSZ2, are the largest catalogues of galaxy clusters selected through their SZ signature in the full sky. In 2013, we started a ...long-term observational programme at Canary Island observatories with the aim of validating ∼500 unconfirmed SZ sources. In this work we present results of the initial pre-screening of possible cluster counterparts using photometric and spectroscopic data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR12. Our main aim is to identify previously unconfirmed PSZ2 cluster candidates and to contribute in the determination of the actual purity and completeness of Planck SZ source sample. Methods. Using the latest version of the PSZ2 catalogue, we selected all sources overlapping with the SDSS DR12 footprint and without redshift information. We validated these cluster fields following optical criteria (mainly distance with respect to the Planck pointing, magnitude of the brightest cluster galaxy, and cluster richness), and combined these criteria with the profiles of the Planck Compton y-maps. This combined procedure allows for a more robust identification of optical counterparts compared to simply cross-matching with existing SDSS cluster catalogues that have been constructed from earlier SDSS data releases. Results. The sample contains new redshifts for 37 Planck galaxy clusters that were not included in the original release of PSZ2 Planck catalogue. We detect three cases as possible multiple counterparts. We show that a combination of all available information (optical images and profile of SZ signal) can provide correct associations between the observed Planck SZ source and the optically identified cluster. We also show that Planck SZ detection is very sensitive even to high-z (z > 0.5) clusters. In addition, we also present updated spectroscopic information for 34 Planck PSZ1 sources (33 previously photometrically confirmed and 1 new identification).
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![[Translated article] Congen...](http://api.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/issn/XR4PS5YY4K/0001-7310/small "[Translated article] Congenital and Infantile Hemangiomas: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Treatment Characteristics Based on 3 Years’ Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital – A Retrospective Case Comparison and Review of the Literature")
