Several studies support the hypothesis that scabies is on the rise in Spain. There are also concerns about the possible development of resistance to treatment and an increase in atypical ...presentations. The aims of this study were to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with scabies seen by dermatologists in Spain, to identify the possible emergence of atypical forms of scabies, and to explore the frequency of treatment failures and associated risk factors.
We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study of data collected prospectively in April and May 2023 using the CLINI-AEDVp platform created by the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV).
Participating dermatologists from 31 hospitals in 15 of Spain's autonomous communities recorded 186 cases of active scabies (51% in women) during the study period. A diagnostic certainty level of A, B or C as per the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies Consensus Criteria was required for diagnosis. Overall, 92% of patients had typical scabies and 66% had already been treated with a scabicide for the current episode. Of the treated patients, only 36% had received and completed adequate treatment (including the simultaneous treatment of all household members) and 50% had not received clear written recommendations.
In a high proportion of the cases of scabies studied, the patient had already received treatment. In those cases, we observed several remediable shortcomings that could explain why some of these treatments had failed. Remedying these deficiencies should lead to better control of scabies and an improved assessment of the actual effectiveness of currently available scabicides.
El diagnóstico diferencial clínico entre los hemangiomas congénitos (HC) y los infantiles (HI) es complicado pero esencial para el tratamiento. El marcador inmunohistoquímico GLUT-1 ayuda a ...distinguirlos, sin embargo, la biopsia no es habitual. Se diseñó un estudio retrospectivo incluyendo los HI y a los HC diagnosticados en un hospital terciario en un periodo de 3 años, con el objetivo de describir y comparar los principales aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos y terapéuticos. Se incluyeron un total de 107 hemangiomas, 34 HC (NICH/PICH/RICH), 70 HI y 3 pendientes de clasificar. El HI superficial de cabeza y cuello fue el tumor más frecuente. El tronco fue la localización más frecuente de los HC. Los factores de riesgo estudiados fueron más frecuentes en el grupo de los HI. Para los HI, el tipo de respuesta obtenida fue independiente de las variables (sexo, fecundación in vitro, profundidad, localización y tipo de tratamiento).
Distinguishing between congenital and infantile hemangiomas is challenging, but essential for appropriate treatment. The immunohistochemical marker glucose transporter type 1 is helpful, but biopsies are uncommon in this setting. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe and compare epidemiological, clinical, and treatment characteristics of congenital and infantile hemangiomas diagnosed at a tertiary care hospital over 3 years. We studied 107 hemangiomas: 34 congenital hemangiomas (rapidly involuting, partially involuting, and noninvoluting), 70 infantile hemangiomas, and 3 hemangiomas pending classification. Superficial infantile hemangiomas of the head and neck were the most prevalent tumors. Congenital hemangiomas were most often located on the trunk. Studied risk factors were more common in patients with infantile hemangiomas. In this group of patients, treatment response was independent of sex, in vitro fertilization, lesion depth and location, and type of treatment.
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Diversos trabajos apoyan la hipótesis de que en España se está produciendo un aumento de incidencia de la escabiosis, y existen dudas sobre el posible desarrollo de resistencias y el ...incremento de formas clínicas atípicas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron caracterizar el perfil demográfico y clínico de los pacientes de escabiosis atendidos por dermatólogos en España, identificar la posible aparición de escabiosis atípicas, así como describir la frecuencia y los posibles factores de riesgo de los fracasos terapéuticos previos.
Realizamos un estudio observacional, transversal, multicéntrico con recogida de datos prospectiva, en abril y mayo de 2023 dentro de la plataforma CLINI-AEDVp de la Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología.
Se reclutaron 186 casos de escabiosis activa (51% mujeres) en 31 centros participantes de 15 comunidades autónomas. Se requirió un nivel A, B o C de los criterios de consenso de la International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) para el diagnóstico. El 92% de los pacientes presentaron formas clínicas típicas de escabiosis y un 66% había recibido tratamiento escabicida previo para el episodio en curso. De los pacientes previamente tratados, solo un 36% había recibido y cumplimentado una pauta terapéutica adecuada que incluyera el tratamiento simultáneo de convivientes, y un 50% careció de un documento escrito y claro con las recomendaciones.
Una elevada proporción de los casos de escabiosis atendidos actualmente ha recibido tratamiento previo. En estos se observan defectos corregibles que pueden justificar parte de los fracasos terapéuticos. Trabajar en la mejora de las deficiencias encontradas ayudará a un mejor control de la enfermedad y a evaluar la efectividad actual de los escabicidas disponibles.
Several studies support the hypothesis that scabies is on the rise in Spain. There are also concerns about the possible development of resistance to treatment and an increase in atypical presentations. The aims of this study were to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with scabies seen by dermatologists in Spain, to identify the possible emergence of atypical forms of scabies, and to explore the frequency of treatment failures and associated risk factors.
We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study of data collected prospectively in April and May 2023 using the CLINI-AEDVp platform created by the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV).
Participating dermatologists from 31 hospitals in 15 of Spain's autonomous communities recorded 186 cases of active scabies (51% in women) during the study period. A diagnostic certainty level of A, B or C as per the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies Consensus Criteria was required for diagnosis. Overall, 92% of patients had typical scabies and 66% had already been treated with a scabicide for the current episode. Of the treated patients, only 36% had received and completed adequate treatment (including the simultaneous treatment of all household members) and 50% had not received clear written recommendations.
In a high proportion of the cases of scabies studied, the patient had already received treatment. In those cases, we observed several remediable shortcomings that could explain why some of these treatments had failed. Remedying these deficiencies should lead to better control of scabies and an improved assessment of the actual effectiveness of currently available scabicides.
Distinguishing between congenital and infantile hemangiomas is challenging, but essential for appropriate treatment. The immunohistochemical marker glucose transporter type 1 is helpful, but biopsies ...are uncommon in this setting. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe and compare epidemiological, clinical, and treatment characteristics of congenital and infantile hemangiomas diagnosed at a tertiary care hospital over 3 years. We studied 107 hemangiomas: 34 congenital hemangiomas (rapidly involuting, partially involuting, and noninvoluting), 70 infantile hemangiomas, and 3 hemangiomas pending classification. Superficial infantile hemangiomas of the head and neck were the most prevalent tumors. Congenital hemangiomas were most often located on the trunk. Studied risk factors were more common in patients with infantile hemangiomas. In this group of patients, treatment response was independent of sex, in vitro fertilization, lesion depth and location, and type of treatment.
Aim
The objective of this study was to verify the mediating role of work engagement between self‐efficacy and affective organizational commitment on the basis of the Job Demands‐Resources Model in a ...sample of Spanish nursing staff.
Background
Affective organizational commitment is a key element, both for the permanence of nursing staff and for the provision of an excellent quality of care of health organizations. However, the relationships between self‐efficacy, work engagement and affective commitment to the organization have been little explored within the nursing context.
Methods
A total of 527 nursing professionals from Spanish public hospitals in Andalusia were surveyed, obtaining a convenience sample of 324 participants (52.96% nurses, 47.04% nursing assistants). The mediating role of work engagement was examined using structural equation modelling and the bootstrapping method.
Results
The results showed that affective organizational commitment was positively predicted by self‐efficacy and work engagement. Work engagement had a direct effect on affective organizational commitment, while the effect of self‐efficacy on affective commitment was totally mediated by work engagement.
Conclusions
The results give empirical support to the Job Demands‐Resources Model, which raises the mediating role of work engagement between self‐efficacy (personal resource) and affective organizational commitment (organizational result).
Implications for nursing practice
Health organizations should be aware that a greater perception of efficacy beliefs and work engagement strengthens the affective bond with the organization, thus improving the corporate image of the health institution.
Implications for nursing policy
Policy changes are necessary to create work environments that enhance the self‐efficacy of nursing staff and generate high levels of work engagement, such as flexible training plans and informal support groups.
Conocer el comportamiento en los últimos 11 años de los mecanismos y el riesgo por exposición ocupacional de los trabajadores de la salud que trabajan en un hospital de tercer nivel de atención.
Se ...llevó a cabo un estudio de tipo observacional, descriptivo y longitudinal para determinar la frecuencia y distribución anual de accidentes laborales, en el período que va de enero de 2003 a 31 de diciembre de 2013, mediante la revisión de los formatos de reporte de caso de accidente laboral. Se analizó el número de casos ocurridos por año, la frecuencia anual ocurrida con base al número de egresos, así como las tasas anuales con base a 100 camas y su relación por 1,000 egresos.
En este período de estudio hubo 838 accidentes, con un rango de 50 a 110 por año. El término medio en cuanto al total de accidentes fue 76.18 por año. El promedio de la tasa de accidentes por 100 camas/año fue 24.07 accidentes y la tasa por 1,000 pacientes fue, por término medio, 10.9 sucesos, con un intervalo de 7.7 a 14.4. La tasa del total del número de accidentes en los 11 años fue 265 accidentes/100 camas y de 11.1/1,000 pacientes. Con base al canal endémico, se observó una disminución gradual en los últimos 9 años, que fue más notoria en 2013.
El número de accidentes laborales ha descendido en la última década. Sin embargo aún estamos, en cuanto a tasa por 100/camas y tasa por 1,000/egresos, muy por encima de lo reportado en la literatura médica internacional.
To ascertain the mechanisms and the risk of accidental occupational exposure of health workers employed in a tertiary care hospital in the past 11 years.
An observational, longitudinal and descriptive study was carried out, to determine the frequency and annual distribution of work-related accidents over a period of 11 years (from January 2003 to 31 December 2013), through reviewing the formats of case reports of such accidents. We analysed the number of cases per year and the annual frequency occurred based on the number of discharges, as well as the annual rates based on 100 beds and their relationship per 1,000 discharges.
In the study period there were 838 accidents, with a range of from 50 to 110 per year. The average of occupational accidents was 76.18 per year. The mean accident rate per 100 beds/year was 24.07 accidents, while the rate per 1,000 patients averaged 10.9 events, with a range of 7.7 to 14.4 events. The rate of the total number of accidents in the 11 years was 265 accidents/100 beds and 11.1 per 1,000 patients. Based on the elaboration of an endemic channel, there was a gradual decrease over the last 9 years, which was most notable in 2013.
The number of occupational accidents has dropped considerably in the last decade. However, we are still far above rates reported in the international literature in terms of rate per 100/beds and rate per 1,000/discharges.
Endothelial dysfunction is a leading cause of corneal blindness in developed countries and the only available treatment is the endothelial transplantation. However, the limited availability of ...suitable donors remains a significant challenge, driving the exploration of alternative regenerative therapies. Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products show promise but must adhere to strict regulations that prohibit the use of animal-derived substances. This study investigates a novel culture methodology using Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF) as the only source of growth factors for primary cultures of human corneal endothelial cells (CECs). CECs were obtained from discarded corneas or endothelial rings and cultured in two different media: one supplemented with xenogeneic factors and other xenogeneic-free, using PRGF. Comprehensive characterization through immunofluorescence, morphological analyses, trans-endothelial electrical resistance measurements, RNA-seq, and qPCR was conducted on the two groups. Results demonstrate that CECs cultured in the xenogeneic-free medium exhibit comparable gene expression, morphology, and functionality to those cultured in the xenogeneic medium. Notably, PRGF-expanded CECs share 46.9% of the gene expression profile with native endothelium and express all studied endothelial markers. In conclusion, PRGF provides an effective source of xenogeneic-free growth factors for the culture of CECs from discarded corneal tissue. Further studies will be necessary to demonstrate the applicability of these cultures to cell therapies that make clinical translation possible.
The human heart beats as a result of multiscale nonlinear dynamics coupling subcellular to whole organ processes, achieving electrophysiologically-driven mechanical contraction. Computational cardiac ...modelling and simulation have achieved a great degree of maturity, both in terms of mathematical models of underlying biophysical processes and the development of simulation software.
In this study, we present the detailed description of a human-based physiologically-based, and fully-coupled ventricular electromechanical modelling and simulation framework, and a sensitivity analysis focused on its mechanical properties. The biophysical detail of the model, from ionic to whole-organ, is crucial to enable future simulations of disease and drug action. Key novelties include the coupling of state-of-the-art human-based electrophysiology membrane kinetics, excitation–contraction and active contraction models, and the incorporation of a pre-stress model to allow for pre-stressing and pre-loading the ventricles in a dynamical regime. Through high performance computing simulations, we demonstrate that 50% to 200%−1000% variations in key parameters result in changes in clinically-relevant mechanical biomarkers ranging from diseased to healthy values in clinical studies. Furthermore mechanical biomarkers are primarily affected by only one or two parameters. Specifically, ejection fraction is dominated by the scaling parameter of the active tension model and its scaling parameter in the normal direction (kort2); the end systolic pressure is dominated by the pressure at which the ejection phase is triggered (Pej) and the compliance of the Windkessel fluid model (C); and the longitudinal fractional shortening is dominated by the fibre angle (ϕ) and kort2. The wall thickening does not seem to be clearly dominated by any of the considered input parameters.
In summary, this study presents in detail the description and implementation of a human-based coupled electromechanical modelling and simulation framework, and a high performance computing study on the sensitivity of mechanical biomarkers to key model parameters. The tools and knowledge generated enable future investigations into disease and drug action on human ventricles.
•Detailed description of human fully-coupled ventricular electromechanical model.•Sensitivity analysis reveals parameter variations effects on mechanical biomarkers.•Simulations yield biomarker values ranging from healthy to diseased conditions.•Each biomarkers is primarily affected by one or two of the parameters tested.•Tools and knowledge generated enable investigations into disease and drug action.
Abstract
Open clusters have long been used to study the chemodynamical evolution of the Galactic disc. This requires a homogeneously analysed sample covering a wide range of ages and distances. In ...this paper, we present the Open Clusters Chemical Abundances from Spanish Observatories (OCCASO) second data release. This comprises a sample of high-resolution (R > 65 000) and high signal-to-noise spectra of 115 red clump stars in 18 open clusters. We derive atmospheric parameters (T
eff, log g, ξ), and Fe/H abundances using two analysis techniques: equivalent widths and spectral synthesis. A detailed comparison and a critical review of the results of the two methods are made. Both methods are carefully tested between them, with the Gaia FGK benchmark stars, and with an extensive sample of literature values. We perform a membership study using radial velocities and the resulting abundances. Finally, we compare our results with a chemodynamical model of the Milky Way thin disc concluding that the oldest open clusters are consistent with the models only when dynamical effects are taken into account.
Meniere's disease (MD) is a rare disorder characterized by episodic vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. It is associated with a fluid imbalance between the secretion of ...endolymph in the cochlear duct and its reabsorption into the subarachnoid space, leading to an accumulation of endolymph in the inner ear. Epidemiological evidence, including familial aggregation, indicates a genetic contribution and a consistent association with autoimmune diseases (AD). We conducted a case-control study in two phases using an immune genotyping array in a total of 420 patients with bilateral MD and 1,630 controls. We have identified the first locus, at 6p21.33, suggesting an association with bilateral MD meta-analysis leading signal rs4947296, OR = 2.089 (1.661-2.627);
= 1.39 × 10
. Gene expression profiles of homozygous genotype-selected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) demonstrated that this region is a
-expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) in PBMCs. Signaling analysis predicted several tumor necrosis factor-related pathways, the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway being the top candidate (
= 2.42 × 10
). This pathway is involved in the modulation of inflammation in several human AD, including multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or rheumatoid arthritis.
studies with genotype-selected lymphoblastoid cells from patients with MD suggest that this trans-eQTL may regulate cellular proliferation in lymphoid cells through the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway by increasing the translation of NF-κB. Taken together; these findings suggest that the carriers of the risk genotype may develop an NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response in MD.
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