The present study presents the effects of steel fibre aspect ratio on the fresh and strength properties of self-consolidating concrete (SCC). Steel fibre having three different aspect ratios (50, 65 ...and 80) with the inclusion rate of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1.0% was considered, and the effects of aspect ratio and the fibre inclusion rate on the fresh and strength properties of SCC were investigated. Central composite design (CCD) of RSM modeling was considered to propose a regression model to predict the 28-day compressive strength of SCC and steel fibre-reinforced SCC (SFSCC) incorporating different supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). 94 data sets retrieved from various literatures and the experimental data set (SCC and SFSCC) of this present study have been used to develop the regression model. Further, cement content, powder content, water to binder ratio, and coarse aggregate to fine aggregate ratio were considered as basic variables to propose the model, and their influence on the strength properties of SCC was prioritized using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pareto chart. The findings of regression model have been compared with the results of 94 data sets, and the experimental data set of this present study and the comparisons confirm that the proposed regression model are very realistic and precise to predict the compressive strength of SCC and SFSCC with different aspect ratio.
The purpose of this research is to measure the flexural strength of both traditional and newly modified concrete beams with kaolinite coal added. Two sets of eighteen samples each were ready for the ...data collection. Two sets of specimensare prepared: 18 specimens of one set using modified concrete that has been treated with kaolinite coal, and the other set of 18 specimens using traditional concrete beams. The preparation and examination of the samples involved the use of flexural strength test equipment. The beam specimen size was taken as 100 x 100 x 500mm. The SPSS software version 29 has been utilized to conduct the independent sample T-test. The statistical analysis included Levene’s test for equality of variances and a t-test for equality of means to assess the flexural strength of two groups. Levene's test revealed a significant difference in variances between the groups (F=2.909, p=0.097). Subsequently, the t-test assuming equal variances indicated a highly significant difference in means (t=-16.954, df=34, p=0.000). The mean difference in flexural strength was -1.43578, with a standard error of 0.08469 and a 95% confidence interval ranging from -1.60788 to -1.26367. The t-test assuming unequal variances corroborated the significant difference in means (t=-16.954, df=29.822, p=0.000), with a consistent mean difference and confidence interval. The modified concrete beam sample with kaolinite coal added has a mean flexural strength of 4.75 N/mm 2 , while the standard concrete beam sample has a mean flexural strength of 2.73 N/mm 2 .
The purpose of this research is to measure the flexural strength of both traditional and newly modified concrete beams with kaolinite coal added. Two sets of eighteen samples each were ready for the ...data collection. Two sets of specimensare prepared: 18 specimens of one set using modified concrete that has been treated with kaolinite coal, and the other set of 18 specimens using traditional concrete beams. The preparation and examination of the samples involved the use of flexural strength test equipment. The beam specimen size was taken as 100 x 100 x 500mm. The SPSS software version 29 has been utilized to conduct the independent sample T-test. The statistical analysis included Levene's test for equality of variances and a t-test for equality of means to assess the flexural strength of two groups. Levene's test revealed a significant difference in variances between the groups (F=2.909, p=0.097). Subsequently, the t-test assuming equal variances indicated a highly significant difference in means (t=-16.954, df=34, p=0.000). The mean difference in flexural strength was -1.43578, with a standard error of 0.08469 and a 95% confidence interval ranging from -1.60788 to -1.26367. The t-test assuming unequal variances corroborated the significant difference in means (t=-16.954, df=29.822, p=0.000), with a consistent mean difference and confidence interval. The modified concrete beam sample with kaolinite coal added has a mean flexural strength of 4.75 N/mm 2 , while the standard concrete beam sample has a mean flexural strength of 2.73 N/mm 2 .
The primary aim of this research is to conduct a comprehensive comparative experimental and statistical study on the flexural strength of a novel ternary blended high-performance M30 grade concrete ...incorporating 20% Alcofine in comparison to traditional concrete.The components employed in the experimental investigation of high-performance M30 concrete incorporating Alcofine, in contrast to conventional concrete, comprise cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, Alcofine, and additional cementitious materials like fly ash and silica fume. The Flexural Strength of high-performance M30 concrete containing Alcofine significantly influences the performance of concrete structures, rendering it a critical mechanical property for examination in the comparative analysis. The mean flexural strength of the Conventional Concrete group measured 8.1111 N/mm^2, with a standard deviation of 0.75840 and a standard error of the mean of 0.17876. In contrast, the Ternary Blended Concrete group exhibited a higher mean flexural strength of 12.5000 N/mm^2, coupled with a larger standard deviation of 2.09341 and a standard error of the mean of 0.49342. The statistical power analysis, involving parameters such as alpha (α) and beta (β), with commonly used values of 0.05 or 0.01, indicates a significance level of 5% or 1%, respectively. Further research could delve into refining the optimal percentage of Alcofine and exploring its long-term performance under varying environmental conditions. Keywords: Ternary Blended Concrete; Alcofine; Flexural Strength; Comparative Analysis; Statistical Study
Acute arterial strokes in children are rare but can potentially cause lasting and often permanent neurological deficits. Mechanical thrombectomy has a well-established efficacy and safety profile in ...adult stroke management, but in the pediatric population, it is yet to be proven efficacious and safe. We present a case of a seven-year-old male who presented with multiple episodes of generalized tonic-clonic seizures after sustaining a neck injury by falling from a trampoline. National Institutes of Health (NIH) on presentation was 21. Neurological exam revealed dilated nonreactive pupils, dysconjugate gaze, severe dysarthria, bilateral ptosis, and movement of upper and lower extremities only to noxious stimuli. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain without contrast revealed infarcted areas in the left pons, midbrain, and cerebellar regions. Computed tomographic angiogram (CTA) of head demonstrated left vertebral artery dissection with associated complete occlusion of the distal basilar artery. Successful recanalization was achieved with mechanical thrombectomy six hours after presentation. Mechanical thrombectomy treatment resulted in a significant neurological recovery with NIH of 1. This case supports the growing evidence of the efficacy and safety of mechanical thrombectomy in children.
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease. It is a chronic disease that causes symmetrical deforming type of polyarthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis most commonly involves the anterior ...segment of the eye. It causes keratoconjunctivitis sicca, episcleritis, scleritis, sclerosing keratitis, stromal keratitis, paracentral keratolysis, and peripheral ulcerative keratitis.
Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal curvature in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We also evaluated the association between CCT, corneal curvature, and rheumatoid arthritis severity.
Materials and Methods: A total of 49 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 49 control subjects were enrolled in this study. The study was conducted in the ophthalmology department of SRM medical college, Chennai. A detailed ophthalmological examination was performed on each subject. Dry eye evaluation was done using Shirmers test, tear breakup time, and corneal fluorescein staining. The CCT and corneal curvature were measured by ultrasonic pachymetry and auto keratorefractometer, respectively. For statistical analysis, we used chi-square test, Fisher exact test, student t-test, and ANOVA test.
Results: Mean CCT in all rheumatoid arthritis patient group eyes was 532.78±14.03 micrometers. Mean CCT in rheumatoid arthritis with dry eye was 522.3±11.10 micrometer, in rheumatoid arthritis without dry eye was 536.90±11.60 micrometer and control patients’ group was 564.80±20 micrometer respectively. The difference of CCT was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05) between rheumatoid arthritis and control eyes. Mean corneal curvature was 42.71D±2.16 in all rheumatoid arthritis patients. Mean corneal curvature was 42.7D±1.6 in rheumatoid arthritis with dry eye, 42.8D±2.5 in rheumatoid arthritis without dry eye, and 42.5D±2.1 in control eye, respectively. Our result did not show statistically significant difference in corneal curvature between the rheumatoid arthritis patients and control patients. CCT and corneal curvature were not associated with rheumatoid arthritis activity and rheumatoid arthritis duration.
Conclusion: The CCT was thinner in rheumatoid arthritis patients than control patients. In order to improve the quality of vision of rheumatoid arthritis patients, we suggest including pachymetry as a routine ophthalmic examination in them. Pachymetry will be helpful in diagnosing and guiding clinical treatment in these patients.
Cancer is a complex disease and the second leading cause of death globally, and breast cancer is still a leading cause of cancer death in women. Tamoxifen is the most commonly used drug for breast ...cancer (ER-positive) treatment and chemoprevention, saving the lives of millions of patients every year. In addition, the tamoxifen template has been explored extensively for the development of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) applicable in breast cancer, osteoporosis, and postmenopausal symptom treatment. Numerous anticancer drugs, including tamoxifen, are in use, but the complexity and heterogeneous nature of cancer complicate the effect of conventional targeted drugs, leading to adverse reactions and resistance. One of the significant approaches to overcome these shortcomings is drug hybrids, generated by covalently linking two or more active pharmacophores. These drug hybrids are remarkably effective in acting on multiple drug targets with higher selectivity and specificity. In recent years, several tamoxifen hybrids have been discovered as potential candidates for cancer treatment. The review highlights the recent progress in developing anticancer hybrids, including organometallic, fluorescent, photocaged, and novel ligand-based tamoxifen hybrids. It also demonstrates the significance of merging various pharmacophores with tamoxifen to produce more potent, precise, and effective anticancer agents. The study offers valuable knowledge to researchers working on cancer research with the hope of enhancing drug potency and reducing drug toxicity to improve cancer patients' lives.
This review highlights the potential of covalently linked tamoxifen hybrids as anti-cancer agents and provides valuable insights into their current progress.
The decolorization of reactive yellow 145 from wastewater in batch mode of operation using groundnut shell-based biochar was studied in the present research. The adsorption process was studied by ...investigating the effects of different adsorption variables such as temperature, initial dye concentration, pH, and biochar dosage. The results showed that biochar dosage had a substantial impact on dye absorption potential. The equilibrium biochar dosage was determined to be 1 g/L, with an absorption capacity of 7.33 mg/g. The effect of pH was examined by varying between 2.0 and 5.0, and equilibrium pH was obtained at pH 2.0. The effect of temperature was examined by varying temperature ranges from 30 to 45°C, and the optimum condition was identified as 35°C. The characteristics of biochar were studied using analytical instruments, and results concluded that dye sorption onto biochar resulted in variation of biochar. Desorption studies were carried out to evaluate the biochar potential by examining various elutants and altering the solid to liquid ratio. Groundnut shell-generated biochar was reported to remediate dye-bearing Remazol wastewater with a removal effectiveness of about 62% based on the experimental data.
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