Amaç: Sigara dumanında bulunan serbest radikaller, oksidatif hasarı artırarak antioksidan savunma mekanizmasını zayıflatabilir; karbonmonoksit eritrositlerde hemoglobine bağlanarak kanda oksijen ...saturasyonu KOS ve laktik asit LA değerlerini baskılayabilir. Bu çalışma, pasif sigara içimi PS ile pasif sigara içimine maruz kalan pnömonili PSP çocuklarda süperoksit dismütaz SOD , glutatyon peroksidaz GSPx ve glutatyon redüktaz GSRx aktiviteleri ile KOS ve LA değerlerini araştırmak amacı ile yürütüldü.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma 4 grupta bulunan 120 çocuk ile yürütüldü. Birinci grup sağlıklı kontroller, ikincisi pasif sigara içimine maruz kalanlar, üçüncüsü pnömonili olanlar, dördüncü grup pasif sigara içimine maruz kalan pnömonili çocuklardan oluştu. Tüm gruplarda SOD, GSPx ve GSRx enzim aktiviteleri, kapiller kan oksijen satürasyonu ve laktik asit düzeyleri ölçüldü. Bulgular: Kapiller kan oksijen satürasyonu PS ve PSP ile önemli düzeyde p
Amaç: Sigara dumanında bulunan karbonmonoksit oksijenin hemoglobine bağlanmasını, kapiller kanın oksijen saturasyonunu ve akciğer fonksiyonları baskılayabilir. Doğal önemli bir antioksidan olan C ...vitamini, akciğer epitel dokularındaki lipit ve lipoproteinlerin oksidatif hasarını önleyebilir, fizyolojik işlevlerine katkıda bulunabilir. Bu çalışma, sigara içen kişilerde kapiller kan oksijen saturasyonu KOS , solunum değerleri ve vücut kompozisyonu üzerinde C vitamininin olası etkilerini araştırmak amacı ile yürütüldü.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya sigara içen ve içmeyen 18-25 yaşlarında 60 gönüllü katıldı. Kontrol ve sigara içen gruplarda C vitamini almadan ve aldıktan sonra değerler ölçüldü. Tüm gruplarda nabız, tansiyon, KOS, solunum fonksiyon testi FVC, FEV1, FEV1%, VC ve MVV değerleri, vücut sıvı oranı, kas kütlesi, kemik kütlesi, vücut yağ oranı ve vücut ısısı ölçüldü. Veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi.Bulgular: Sigara içenler C vitamini aldıktan sonra KOS p
Background
ABO blood groups have been suggested to have a high correlation with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It has also been postulated that platelet indices, including mean platelet volume (MPV) ...and platelet distribution width (PDW), are very important in the development and progression of CVDs. However, despite these common associations with CVDs, as far as we know, there are no studies investigating platelet indices in ABO blood groups. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether platelet indices are associated with ABO blood groups.
Methods
The study included 301 healthy volunteers (99 women and 202 men; mean age: 32.59 ± 7.52 years) whose blood groups were determined by the gel column method using agglutination techniques. Platelet indices were studied by an automated blood counter.
Results
No considerable differences in age, gender, or Rh factors were observed among ABO blood groups. MPV was detected to be considerably lower in O and A blood group subjects than in AB and B blood group subjects. Similarly, PDW was significantly lower in O and A blood group subjects than in B blood group subjects. Additionally, MPV in the O blood group subjects was significantly lower than in the non‐O blood group subjects.
Conclusions
Because MPV and PDW are used as markers of CVDs, individuals with O and A blood groups in this study may be considered to have a lower risk of CVDs than AB and B blood group subjects. However, prospective cohort studies involving a greater number of volunteers are needed to elucidate these relationships.
The most important antioxidant aspect of selenium is its function in the active site of selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase. Glutathione peroxidase not only allows the removal of the toxic radicals ...but also permits the regeneration of lipid molecules through reacylation in the cellular membrane. Thus, GSHPx may prevent the harmful effects of free radicals and may reduce the formation of the reactive metabolites of carbon tetrachloride. Carbon tetrachloride is a hepatotoxic agent which generates haloalkane radicals during its biotransformation in the liver and is widely used to make the experimental model of hepatic damage. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the possible protective role of selenium on the experimental liver cirrhosis and some enzyme activities in blood plasma from rats.
While the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly increased (
p
<
0.05
,
p
<
0.05
and
p
<
0.01
, respectively), gamma-glutamyle transferase (GGT) activity was not statistically affected (
p
<
0.05
) with carbon tetrachloride-injection. The levels of AST, ALT and GGT in carbon tetrachloride-group decreased to nearly the enzyme values in control-group after the selenium-injection but the ALP was increased (
p
<
0.01
). On the other hand, it was noticed that selenium significantly decreased the hepatic injury. In conclusion, our results showed that carbon tetrachloride caused an increase in the activities of liver enzymes in plasma and selenium application decreased the hepatic injury. Plasma levels of the liver enzymes were decreased after selenium-injections. Based upon these results, selenium may play an important role in the preventive indication of hepatic cellular injury inducted by carbon tetrachloride.
Objective:This study was conducted to investigate the effects of ionizing radiation (IR) and non-ionizing radiation (NIR) on oxidative stress and the total antioxidant status (TAS) in men working in ...radiation environments.Methods:The serum values of total oxidant status (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl (PC) in men exposed to radiation and a control group were determined. In addition, the values of the total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured in serum, and the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated to determine the oxidative stress. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 (Chicago, IL, USA).Results:While the serum values of PC, MDA, TOS, and OSI were significantly higher in the IR group than in the control group, those of TAS were significantly lower (p<0.001, p=0.003, p<0.001, p<0.001, and p= 0.002, respectively). The serum values of PC, TOS, and OSI were significantly higher in the NIR group than in the control group (p<0.001, p=0.021, and p=0.010, respectively). In contrast, there were no significant differences in the values of TAS and MDA (p>0.05 and p>0.05, respectively) in the same groups.Conclusion:Based on these results, we determined that it had been damaged the balance between oxidants and antioxidant status in the IR and NIR groups. This effect of oxidative stress may cause a lot of damage to cellular macromolecules including lipids, proteins, and DNA.
Halothane, commonly used for anesthetizing humans and animals, is one of the most important volatile anesthetics and may cause the formation of free radicals during its biotransformation. Free ...radicals may lead to degeneration of liver cells. Vitamin E and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) containing selenium are two natural antioxidants, and these may protect the cellular lipid and lipoproteins against oxidative damage caused by free radicals. Therefore, the purposes of the present study were to investigate the probable protective effects of intraperitoneally administered Se and vitamin E on liver enzymes and to determine some other hematological parameters in the halothane anesthesia of rats.
All rats were randomly divided into five groups. The first group was used as a control, and physiological saline (0.9%) was intraperitoneally injected into these animals as a placebo. The second group was used as an anesthesia control group and was only anesthetized with halothane for two hours. The third group received intraperitoneally administered Se (Na
2SeO
3, 0.3 mg/200 g body weight), the fourth group vitamin E (dl-α-tocopheryl acetate, 100 mg/kg body weight), and the fifth group a Se plus vitamin E combination (Na
2SeO
3, 0.3 mg/200 g body weight + dl-α-tocopheryl acetate, 100 mg/kg body weight).
The activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, erythrocyte counts, the packet-cell volume, hemoglobin concentrations and neutrophyle rates significantly increased (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01) after halothane anesthesia and returned to near control levels after Se, vitamin E and Se plus vitamin E injections. The values of cholesterol, total protein, white blood cell counts and lymphocyte rates significantly decreased (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01) in the anesthesia control group. However, the levels of albumin, total bilirubin, creatinine, the mean corpuscular volume, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were not statistically influenced.
In conclusion, we have determined that halothane anesthesia affected some liver enzymes and some other biochemical and hematological parameters. Se, vitamin E and their combination may prevent the increase of liver enzymes after halothane anesthesia. Based upon these results, Se and vitamin E may play an important role in the indication of hepatic cellular injury produced by halothane.
Amaç: Kolit etyopatogenezinde önemli faktörlerden biri olan serbest radikaller oksidatif hasarı artırabilir. Vitamin C ise
serbest oksijen radikallerini etkili biçimde temizleyebilir. Bu çalışma, ...sıçanlarda asetik asit ile oluşturulan deneysel kolitte
oluşan oksidatif hasar üzerinde vitamin C'nin olası koruyucu etkilerini araştırmak amacı ile yürütüldü.
Yöntem ve gereç: Çalışma sıçanlar üzerinde yürütüldü. Birinci gruba rektal yolla sadece 2 mL serum fizyolojik; ikinci
gruba 2 mL serum fizyolojik ve 2 mL % 5'lik asetik asit (AA) verildi. Üçüncü gruba ise rektal yolla 2 mL AA (% 5) ve
gastrik gavajla 100 mg/kg vücut ağırlığı olarak vitamin C uygulandı. Çalışmada oksidatif ve kolonik doku hasarını
değerlendirmek için miyeloperoxidaz (MPO), katalaz (CAT), prolidaz (PRS), arilesteraz (ARE) aktiviteleri ile total thiol
(T-SH), total antioksidan kapasite (TAC), total oksidan statü (TOS), lipid hidroperoksit (LOOH) ve oxidative stress
indeksi (OSI) değerleri ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Asetik asit uygulaması ile plazmada CAT, PRS aktiviteleri ile TOS, LOOH ve OSI değerleri anlamlı olarak
artarken, TAC değeri önemli düzeyde azaldı. Vitamin C uygulandığında TOS ve OSI değerleri azalırken, TAC değeri
arttı. Asetik asit grubu kolon doku örneklerinde MPO ve katalaz aktiviteleri ile TOS, LOOH ve OSI değerleri artarken,
PRS, ARE, T-SH and TAC değerleri azaldı. Vitamin C verilen grupta MPO, PRS and ARE aktiviteleri ile TOS, LOOH ve
OSI değerleri azaldı, TAC düzeyi yükseldi. Kolon hasarının histopatolojik skorları asetik asit ile artarken, vitamin C
verilmesi ile azaldı.
Sonuç: Asetik asitin MPO ve CAT aktiviteleri ile TOS, LOOH ve OSI değerlerinde ve kolonik doku hasarında artışa,
TAC değerinde ise azalmaya neden olduğu saptandı. Vitamin C verildiğinde, histopatolojik hasar skorları, MPO aktivitesi
ile TOS, LOOH ve OSI değerleri azalırken, TAC düzeyi yükseldi. Bu sonuçlara gore vitamin C, asetik asit ile oluşturulan
deneysel kolitte oksidatif strese bağlı doku hasarının koruyucu endikasyonunda önemli bir rol oynayabilir.
Aim: Free radicals are an important factor in the etiopathogenesis of colitis and may increase oxidative damage. The
antioxidant vitamin C efficiently scavenges free oxygen radicals. The present study aimed to investigate the probable
protective effects of vitamin C on oxidative injury in rats in which colitis was experimentally induced with acetic acid.
Materials and methods: This study was conducted with rats for a period of 7 days. Group 1 intrarectally received a
placebo (0.9% NaCl) and group 2 intrarectally received 2 mL of 5% acetic acid (AA) and the placebo. Group 3 intrarectally
received 2 mL of 5% AA and vitamin C (100 mg/kg of body weight) via gastric gavage. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), catalase
(CAT), prolidase (PRS), and arylesterase (ARE) activity, and total thiol (T-SH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total
oxidant status (TOS), lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), and oxidative stress index (OSI) values were analyzed in blood and
intestinal samples.
Results:While CAT and PRS activity, and plasma TOS, LOOH, and OSI increased following the administration of AA,
TAC decreased. TAC increased, whereas LOOH and OSI decreased in response to vitamin C treatment. While MPO
and CAT activity, and TOS, LOOH, and OSI values in the colon increased in response to AA treatment, PRS, ARE, TSH,
and TAC decreased. TAC increased in response to vitamin C, whereas MPO, PRS and ARE activity, and TOS, LOOH,
and OSI values decreased. While histopathologic colonic injury scores increased (P < 0.001) in response to AA, they
decreased in response to vitamin C.
Conclusion:Histopathological damage scores, MPO, TOS, LOOH, and OSI decreased significantly in response to vitamin
C treatment, whereas TAC increased. Based on these results, we think that vitamin C might play an important role in
preventing oxidative stress and colonic tissue injury produced by acetic acid.
To study the prognostic importance activity of paraoxonase and arylesterase, and the value of mean platelet volume in patients with acute ischaemic stroke.
This case-control study was conducted at ...Harran University Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey, from January to June 2014, and comprised patients with symptoms of acute ischaemic stroke who presented to the emergency department. Paraoxonase activity, expressed in units per litre, or U/L, of serum, was evaluated in the absence of basal activity, and arylesterase activity was defined as micromoles, of phenol generated/min, and was expressed as U/L of serum. Mean platelet volume was measured as a routine parameter. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis.
Of the 94 participants, 48(51%) were patients with acute ischaemic stroke and 46(49%) were control subjects. Moreover, 27(56.3%) patients were females and 21(43.7%) were males. In the control group, 26(56.5%) were females and 20(43.5%) were males. The mean age of patients was 68.39±11.83 years compared to controls' 65±9.95 years. Decreased activity of prognostic importance and arylesterase were significant in patients than in the controls (p= 0.016 and p= 0.001, respectively). The median platelets of patients was significantly lower than that of the controls (p=0.004). However, the median mean platelet volume values were similar in the both groups (p=0.568). Binary logistic regression analyses showed that the paraoxonase and arylesterase were risk markers for the patients.
Decreased paraoxonase and arylesterase activity and decreased platelet counts were observed probably due to increased oxidative stress in acute ischaemic stroke patients.
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