Major abdominal oncology surgery is associated with substantial postoperative loss of functional capacity, and exercise may be an effective intervention to improve outcomes. The aim of this study was ...to assess efficacy, feasibility and safety of a supervised postoperative exercise programme.
We performed a single-blind, parallel-arm, randomized trial in patients who underwent major abdominal oncology surgery in a tertiary university hospital. Patients were randomized to an early mobilization postoperative programme based on supervised aerobic exercise, resistance and flexibility training or to standard rehabilitation care. The primary outcome was inability to walk without human assistance at postoperative day 5 or hospital discharge.
A total of 108 patients were enrolled, 54 into the early mobilization programme group and 54 into the standard rehabilitation care group. The incidence of the primary outcome was nine (16.7%) and 21 (38.9%), respectively (P=0.01), with an absolute risk reduction of 22.2% 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.9–38.6 and a number needed to treat of 5 (95% CI 3–17). All patients in the intervention group were able to follow at least partially the exercise programme, although the performance among them was rather heterogeneous. There were no differences between groups regarding clinical outcomes or complications related to the exercises.
An early postoperative mobilization programme based on supervised exercises seems to be safe and feasible and improves functional capacity in patients undergoing major elective abdominal oncology surgery. However, its impact on clinical outcomes is still unclear.
NCT01693172.
I report on the experimental confirmation that critical percolation statistics underlie the ordering kinetics of twisted nematic phases in the Allen-Cahn universality class. Soon after the ordering ...starts from a homogeneous disordered phase and proceeds toward a broken Z_{2}-symmetry phase, the system seems to be attracted to the random percolation fixed point at a special timescale t_{p}. At this time, exact formulas for crossing probabilities in percolation theory agree with the corresponding probabilities in the experimental data. The ensuing evolution for the number density of hull-enclosed areas is described by an exact expression derived from a percolation model endowed with curvature-driven interface motion. Scaling relation for hull-enclosed areas versus perimeters reveals that the fractal percolation geometry is progressively morphed into a regular geometry up to the order of the classical coarsening length. In view of its universality and experimental possibilities, the study opens a path for exploring percolation keystones in the realm of nonequilibrium, phase-ordering systems.
We study the gravitation effects on a static and spherically symmetric spacetime due to the vacuum expectation value (VEV) of a Kalb–Ramond field. The Kalb–Ramond VEV is a background tensor field ...which produces a local Lorentz symmetry breaking (LSB) of spacetime. Considering a non-minimal coupling between the Kalb–Ramond (VEV) and the Ricci tensor, we obtain an exact parameterdependent power-law modified black hole. For a particular choice of the LSB parameter, the Lorentz violation produces a solution similar to the Reissner–Nordstrom, despite the absence of charge. The near-horizon geometry is modified by including a new inner horizon and shifting the Schwarzschild horizon. Asymptotically, the usual Minkowski spacetime with a background tensor field is recovered. The vacuum configurations are studied considering the energy conditions and the Lorentz violating source properties. By means of the mercury perihelion test, an upper bound to the local Lorentz violation (LV) is obtained, and its corresponding effects on the black hole temperature is investigated.
Aim
To evaluate the efficacy of selective and nonselective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase‐2 enzymes in the treatment of experimental apical periodontitis induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ...in vivo in a mouse model.
Methodology
Thirty‐six C57BL/6 mice were used. After access cavity preparation, a solution containing E. coli LPS (1.0 µg µL−1) was inoculated into the root canals of the mandibular and maxillary right first molars (n = 72) After 30 days, apical periodontitis was established and the animals were systemically treated with celecoxib, a selective COX‐2 inhibitor (15 mg kg−1), or indomethacin, a nonselective COX‐2 inhibitor (5 mg kg−1), for 7 and 14 days. Blocks containing teeth and bone were removed for histopathological and histometric analyses (haematoxylin and eosin), evaluation of osteoclasts numbers (tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase enzyme – TRAP) and immunohistochemistry for RANK, RANKL and OPG. Gene expression was performed using reverse transcription and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) for RANK, RANKL, OPG, TRAP, MMP‐9, cathepsin K and calcitonin receptor. Histopathological, histometric, TRAP, immunohistochemistry and qRT‐PCR data were evaluated using Kruskal–Wallis followed by Dunn’s test (α = 0.05).
Results
Systemic administration of celecoxib for 7 and 14 days prevented periapical bone resorption (P < 0.0001), differently from indomethacin that exacerbated bone resorption at 7 days (P < 0.0001) or exerted no effect at 14 days (P = 0.8488). Celecoxib treatment reduced osteoclast formation in apical periodontitis, regardless of the period of treatment (P < 0.0001 for 7 days and P = 0.026 for 14 days). Administration of celecoxib or indomethacin differentially modulated the expression of genes involved in bone resorption. At 7 days, celecoxib and indomethacin treatment significantly inhibited expression of mRNA for cathepsin K (P = 0.0005 and P = 0.016, respectively) without changing TRAP, MMP‐9 and calcitonin receptor gene expression. At 14 days, celecoxib significantly inhibited expression of mRNA for MMP‐9 (P < 0.0001) and calcitonin receptor (P = 0.004), whilst indomethacin exerted no effect on MMP‐9 (P = 0.216) and calcitonin receptor (P = 0.971) but significantly augmented cathepsin K gene expression (P = 0.001).
Conclusions
The selective COX‐2 inhibitor celecoxib reduced osteoclastogenic signalling and activity that dampened bone resorption in LPS‐induced apical periodontitis in mice, with greater efficacy than the nonselective inhibitor indomethacin.
Quercetin dual interaction at the membrane level de Granada-Flor, António; Sousa, Carla; Filipe, Hugo A L ...
Chemical communications (Cambridge, England),
02/2019, Letnik:
55, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Quercetin impact on lipid bilayers suggests a dual action mechanism at cell membranes. This widespread polyphenol displays high partition with low interference in the more fluid membrane domains, ...more vulnerable to oxidative attack, but strong perturbation of cholesterol/sphingolipid enriched domains, where signalling platforms are expected to assemble.
We perform two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy on CdSe/CdZnS core-shell colloidal quantum dots at cryogenic temperatures. In the two-dimensional spectra, sidebands due to electronic coupling with ...CdSe lattice LO-phonon modes are observed to have evolutions deviating from the exponential dephasing expected from Markovian spectral diffusion, which is instantaneous and memoryless. Comparison to simulations provides evidence that LO-phonon coupling induces energy-gap fluctuations on the finite timescales of nuclear motion. The femtosecond resolution of our technique probes exciton dynamics directly on the timescales of phonon coupling in nanocrystals.
The world tilapia production faces seasonal variations. However, very few nutritional studies have addressed suboptimal temperature. We evaluated the effect of two temperatures (20 or 30 °C) and two ...vegetable oil blends (one rich in corn oil (COR) and one rich linseed oil (LIN)) on tilapia growth, body composition, and blood parameters using a 2×2 factorial design with the following treatments: COR-20; LIN-20; COR-30; LIN-30 (Trial 1). In addition, we also evaluated the effect of postingestive signals of dietary oils when the organoleptic properties of diets were isolated (Trial 2). In the Trial 1, 256 fish (15.36 ± 0.14 g) were placed in 16 aquariums and submitted during 30 days to the 2×2 factorial designs: COR-20; LIN-20; COR-30; LIN-30. The temperatures were established in two independent water recirculation systems. In the Trial 2, 96 fish (34.02 ± 0.79 g) were placed in 12 aquariums and subjected to the same experimental design of Trial 1, but to evaluate fish feeding behavior. They were allowed to select the encapsulated diets provided in different feeding halls to evaluate if diet preferences are influenced by postingestive signals. As the Trial 1 results show, diets had no significant effects on growth, dietary protein use, and body centesimal composition, but 30 °C induced the best performance and protein deposition (P < 0.05). LIN-20 showed lower very-low-density lipoprotein and cortisol, but higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and triglycerides (TG) than COR-20 (P < 0.05). COR-30 presented higher HDL, AST, ALT, TG, and cortisol than LIN-30. The fish fed COR showed lower C20:5n-3 (EPA) and higher n-6 than fish fed LIN (P < 0.05). The fish fed LIN had high n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid. ∑ polyunsaturated fatty acid was higher at 30 °C. Finally, the tilapia in Trial 2 showed clear diet intake regulation and preference for LIN (P < 0.05), regardless of temperature. In short, lipid sources had no influence on tilapia performance; however, temperature affects carcass lipid deposition as well as fatty acids profile. Notably, the preference for linseed oil can suggest nutritional metabolic issues, contributing to animal behavior knowledge.
Smart grid deployment is a global trend, creating endless possibilities for the use of data generated by dynamic networks. The challenge is the transformation of this large volume of data into useful ...information for the electrical system. An example of this is the application of demand side management (DSM) techniques for the optimisation of power system management in real time. This article discusses the use of DSM in this new environment of electrical system and it presents a simulation that uses data acquired from digital meters, it creates patterns of load curves, uses these patterns load data to train and validate a ANN and uses this ANN to classify new data using these defined patters. The results obtained in this study show that the intelligent network environment facilitates the implementation of DSM and the use of ANN presented a satisfactory performance for the classification of load curves.
Aim
To characterize plasma cell subsets in chronic periapical lesions affecting permanent and primary teeth.
Methodology
Only chronic periapical lesions without root canal treatment were selected. ...Twenty‐one radicular cysts and 7 periapical granulomas affecting permanent teeth and 19 radicular cysts and 4 periapical granulomas affecting primary teeth were assessed for immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain (kappa and lambda), Ig heavy chain (IgG, IgG4, IgA, IgM and IgD) and plasma cell immunohistochemical markers (MUM1/IRF4, EMA and CD138). The data acquired were analysed by Student’s t test, Mann–Whitney U, Friedman test followed by Dunn's multiple comparison test and Spearman’s rank correlation.
Results
All cases were polyclonal (having similar kappa/lambda light chain ratios). IgG was most abundant compared to other Ig heavy chains (all, P < 0.001); like Ig light chains, but unlike IgA, there was greater expression of IgG in the primary compared to the permanent dentition, for both radicular cysts (P < 0.001) and periapical granulomas (P = 0.53). Notably, IgG4 expression was greater in the permanent than the primary dentition, for both radicular cyst (P < 0.05) and periapical granuloma (P = 0.65). IgM and IgD expression was scarce and variable, whereas plasma cell populations were detected efficiently through EMA, CD138 and MUM1/IRF4 markers, the latter being more sensitive in both dentitions.
Conclusions
There were slight variations in the Ig light and heavy chain profiles in chronic periapical lesions when comparing the permanent and primary dentitions. The ability of IgG4+ plasma cell infiltration to modulate inflammatory responses in chronic periapical lesions arising from permanent as opposed to primary teeth should be considered in future studies.
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