We examine the problem of analytically estimating uncertainty of objects captured using infrastructure-based camera sensing. Specifically, we aim to derive a closed-form relationship between the ...ground coordinates and the sources of the camera errors. Using the error propagation equation, the covariance of a given ground coordinate can be measured as a function of the camera errors. The uncertainty of the footprint of the bounding box can then be given as the function of all the extreme points of the object footprint. To calculate the uncertainty of a ground point, the typical error sizes of the error sources are required. We present a method of estimating the typical error sizes from an experiment using a static, high-precision LiDAR as the ground truth. Finally, we present a simulated case study and a real data collection of uncertainty quantification (UQ) from infrastructure-based camera-for simulation, we use CARLA to provide a sense of how the uncertainty changes across a left turn maneuver with two cameras placed with orthogonal field-of-view, and for real data, we examine straight, and right turn maneuvers for a GPS instrumented vehicle.
•Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common autosomal dominant disorder.•Data on management of multiple cervical neurofibromas are scarce in the literature.•Surgical debulking or resection is the ...main treatment strategy in patients with multiple spinal neurofibromas.•Radiation therapy has a rule in the management of multiple spinal neurofibromas.
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common disorder in which affected individuals uncommonly develop cervical neurofibromas. The presentation of cervical neurofibroma with myelopathy is clinically challenging. Available data of NF1 patients with cervical cord compression secondary to multiple neurofibromas remain scarce in the literature. To this end, we sought to address this limitation.
Case presentation: We report a case of a 22-year-old man, recently diagnosed with NF1, who presented with progressive cervical myelopathy over the course of 12 months. Imaging revealed multiple cervical neurofibromas with significant spinal cord compression. The patient underwent a C3 to C7 decompressive laminectomy and subtotal resection of the bilateral neurofibromas and instrumented fusion. During the postoperative period, he experienced transient bilateral weakness in C5 and C6 muscle groups that gradually resolved, and his weakness and spasticity significantly improved thereafter.
Systematic review: We performed a systematic review of PubMed and Scopus in English-language literature dated between 1960 and December 2019 for studies that included cervical neurofibromas presenting with myelopathy in patients with NF1.
Fifty-seven articles were identified for full-text examination, of which 19 articles were included in the systematic review; 10 involved studies on surgical treatment, and nine on other treatment modalities. Twelve studies were retrospective, 3 involved prospective cohorts, and 4 were case reports. Most studies included various types of spinal cord tumors with or without neurofibromatosis. Only two studies exclusively involved neurofibromas in NF patients. There was wide variation in surgical and radiation therapy techniques and outcome measures reported.
Surgical decompression is the primary treatment strategy for multiple cervical neurofibromas that cause a progressive neurological deficit. Fusion is recommended to avoid late kyphotic deformity. Data describing the management plan and long-term outcomes in this group of patients remain scarce in the literature, and no standardized treatment strategy is available.
BACKGROUNDMedical services at trauma centers regularly encounter severe burn patients but prehospital care of these patients in Saudi Arabia is comparatively unexplored. This study evaluates the ...knowledge and experience of physicians working in trauma centers of Qassim province of Saudi Arabia for the management of patients with burn injuries. METHODSThis is a cross sectional study performed on 204 physicians working in the trauma centers of Qassim province. Physicians' knowledge and experience were assessed via administration of validated questionnaires and the data were analyzed using SPSS software. RESULTSAmong total studied physicians, only 35.3% and 24.0% gave the right answer to the question on the diagnosis of burn skin in depth/extent for adults and pediatric patients, respectively. Importantly, 93.6% physicians responded correctly for first aid treatment. For the parkland concept, 62.2% responded correctly, however, only 22.5% understand the colloid fluid concept. The 74% physicians knew the methods of fluid revival for mass burn injuries and about half of studied physicians showed right knowledge for intubation for breathing for mass burn injuries. Only 47.5% physicians understand the concept of electrolyte disorder. CONCLUSIONSThis is the first study from the central region of Saudi Arabia that analyzed the knowledge and experience of physicians working in trauma centers for the management of patients with burn injuries. Overall data showed that ~60% physicians working in trauma centers have knowledge for handling the patients with burn injuries but the rest needed counseling, therefore proper training sessions for them are needed for management of burn patients.
Self-medication (SM) using non-opioid analgesics (NOA) is contentious and increasingly recognized as a major public health concern with severe consequences, including masking of malignant and fatal ...diseases, risk of misdiagnosis, problems relating to over- and under-dosing, drug interactions, incorrect dosage, and choice of therapy. Herein, we aim to determine the prevalence of SM with NOA among pharmacy and medical students at Unaizah College, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
A cross-sectional study using a validated self-administered questionnaire was conducted on 709 pharmacy and medicine students belonging to an age group of 21-24 years from Unaizah Colleges. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Of 709 participants, 635 responded to the questionnaire. Our results showed a prevalence percentage of 89.6% using self-medicated NOA for pain management. The most common factor leading to SM in NOA was the mild nature of the illness (50.6%), and headache/migraine (66.8%) was the dominant health problem. Paracetamol (acetaminophen, 73.7%) was the most commonly used analgesic, followed by ibuprofen (16.5%). The most common and reliable sources of drug information were pharmacists (51.5%).
We observed a high rate of SM for NOA among undergraduate students. We believe that the adverse consequences of SM could be controlled through educational, regulatory, and administrative strategies by providing appropriate awareness sessions, and the role of pharmacists should be highlighted in preventing SM from NOA.
Background: Reproductive health is a major part of a woman’s life to ensure a healthy life for both mothers and their babies. However, most women do not have the proper knowledge and awareness of ...that subject. Objectives were to assess the awareness of reproductive health among Saudi female university students and to determine the factors associated with the level of awareness.
Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted among 347 participants, using multi-stage stratified sampling. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge level of the five-major component of reproductive health.
Results: The results revealed an average level of knowledge about reproductive health (49.4%) among the college students. There was a significant association between having children, mother’s working status, and father educational level, family income and participant reproductive health knowledge (p=0.02, 0.005 and 0.02) respectively. Although 77.1% of the participants had good knowledge of menstrual health and hygiene, they showed misconceptions. The knowledge about family planning, prenatal and antenatal were high 66.6% and 53.9%. The level of knowledge on sexually transmitted diseases was 58% high among students and only 40% have heard of HIV/AIDS but other diseases were less recognized.
Conclusions: The knowledge of reproductive health is considered poor. Father’s education level and family income were associated with the level of a student’s knowledge. Educational session about RH is needed among students with focus on menstrual health and hygiene, antenatal care, family planning, breastfeeding, and sexually transmitted diseases.
Background: This study assessed the attitudes toward breastfeeding among mothers receiving healthcare services in Primary Healthcare Centers (PHCCs) in Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. It also examined the ...association between the mothers’ demographic characteristics and breastfeeding attitudes.Methods: This study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design. A purposive sample of 415 breastfeeding mothers who were receiving healthcare services from the selected PHCCs during the conduct of the study were recruited in PHCCs in Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. A two-part self-administered questionnaire containing a demographic sheet and the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) Arabic version was employed to collect data from the respondents. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used accordingly in data analyses.Results: The overall mean score of the women in the IIFAS was 60.50 (SD = 11.08), with individual scores ranging from 17.00 to 82.00. This finding implies good attitudes toward breastfeeding. Mothers who were divorced/widowed (M = 63.75, SD = 5.20) had significantly better breastfeeding attitudes than married mothers (M = 60.24, SD = 11.38). Mothers who were not working (M = 61.41, SD = 10.03) reported more positive breastfeeding attitudes compared with working mothers (M = 58.36, SD = 13.02).Conclusions: The mothers reported good attitudes toward breastfeeding, but expressed poor beliefs in some areas of breastfeeding. The present findings have implication to medicine, nursing, and healthcare policies.
We examine the problem of estimating footprint uncertainty of objects imaged using the infrastructure based camera sensing. A closed form relationship is established between the ground coordinates ...and the sources of the camera errors. Using the error propagation equation, the covariance of a given ground coordinate can be measured as a function of the camera errors. The uncertainty of the footprint of the bounding box can then be given as the function of all the extreme points of the object footprint. In order to calculate the uncertainty of a ground point, the typical error sizes of the error sources are required. We present a method of estimating the typical error sizes from an experiment using a static, high-precision LiDAR as the ground truth. Finally, we present a simulated case study of uncertainty quantification from infrastructure based camera in CARLA to provide a sense of how the uncertainty changes across a left turn maneuver.
Designing for conflict Almutairi, Asma; Davies, Nigel; Mikusz, Mateusz ...
Proceedings of the 9TH ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays,
06/2020
Conference Proceeding
Public display networks are increasingly seeking to provide personalised content to viewers. A key challenge in this area is to how to support conflicting personalisation requirements from multiple ...concurrent viewers. In this paper we present a four dimensional design space that describes a wide range of approaches to addressing this issue. This design space can be used by developers and researchers to understand how systems can be engineered to deliver an increase in the effective communications bandwidth to viewers while meeting their conflicting content requirements. This is the first attempt at systematically examining the challenges and design choices in this important emerging area.
Why simple is best Almutairi, Asma; Mikusz, Mateusz; Niaz, Hassam ...
Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays,
06/2019
Conference Proceeding
Odprti dostop
Public displays play an important role in information dissemination - market reports highlight the increasing number of displays deployed. Due to the often prominent placement of public displays in ...the physical environment, displays can play an important role in the dissemination of trusted content, particularly during emergency situations. In order to leverage displays in emergency situations however, appropriate content creation and dissemination technology is key to allow display and space owners to efficiently distribute important information and target affected user groups. In this paper, we present our lessons learned from designing and developing an emergency alerts system in the context of a large public display testbed. We provide insights into two design probes and feedback captured through focus groups with stakeholders of the display network. Based on the feedback, we provide insights into requirements captured and provide a discussion on lessons and design considerations.
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