A high-entropy Fe30Co20Ni20Mn20Al10 (at%) alloy with a face-centered cubic (FCC) crystalline phase was produced through mechanical alloying. This study examined the development of its phases, ...microstructure, morphology, and magnetic characteristics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was applied to assess the sample morphology in relation to milling times. The changes that the material underwent during milling were investigated using X-ray diffraction. The milling time affected the phase transformation. A single FCC solid solution (crystallite size = 12 nm) was found after 50 h of milling. Additionally, the magnetic characteristics were examined and shown to be associated with microstructural changes. The powder mixture exhibited behavior consistent with soft magnetics, with an Hc value of 8 Am−1 and an Ms value of 165 emu/g. The excellent soft magnetic characteristic may be related to the stability of the FCC phase, which was generated following a 30 h milling process. In addition, the low value of Ms may have originated from the presence of Al atoms in the solid solution and the development of large densities of interfaces and crystal defects.
In the present study, three chemical compounds, Li2WO4, Li0.5Na1.5WO4, and Li1.5Na0.5WO4, are produced using the solid–solid method. Unlike the compound Li0.5Na1.5WO4, which crystallizes in the ...orthorhombic system with the space group Pmmm, both compounds Li2WO4 and Li1.5Na0.5WO4 crystallize in the monoclinic system with the space group P2/m. A morphological analysis reveals that all three compounds have a compact structure with some porosity present. An EDX analysis confirms the chemical composition of the three samples. The optical measurements provide information on the optical gaps and Urbach energies of the materials under consideration. Their dielectric characteristics are investigated in a frequency range of 100–106 Hz and at temperatures ranging from 300 to 600 K. Moreover, this research enables us to determine the ferroelectric transition as well as the type of dielectric material. In this study, an investigation of electrical conductivity was conducted for well-defined temperature and frequency values; which provided us with information about the mechanism of conduction and charge carrier transport models.
In the present study, we explore the synthesis and characterization of novel composite materials derived from magnesium phosphate cement by incorporating varying quantities of aluminum, iron oxide, ...or alumina. These composites demonstrate promising properties related to water resistance and significant specific surface areas. Furthermore, our investigations reveal that aluminum, iron oxide, and phosphate constituents exhibit an affinity for fluoride retention. Consequently, we apply these synthesized materials for fluoride adsorption. Our results indicate a noteworthy adsorption capacity, ranging from 2.35 mg/g for cement synthesized with 0.25 g of aluminum to 4.84 mg/g for materials synthesized with 1.5 g of aluminum. The influence of incorporating alumina or iron oxide into these matrices is thoroughly examined. Additionally, we investigated the optimal conditions utilizing a range of analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). To further elucidate this process, we perform equilibrium modeling and present experimental data in accordance with the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms.
The exploration encompassed the synthesis and characterization of two innovative complexes, namely FePHNS and CuPHNS, employing a diverse array of analytical techniques such as elemental analysis, ...infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, molar conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility assessments, and thermal analysis (TGA). In the spectral domain, infrared spectroscopy substantiated the tridentate ONS coordination of the PHNS ligand to the central metal atom. Thermal analysis offered valuable insights into the distribution and content of water molecules within the complexes. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were harnessed to validate the molecular structures of both the PHNS ligand and its complex entities, providing an intricate comprehension of their quantum chemical parameters. The investigation extended to an evaluation of the in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant efficacy of the PHNS ligand and its complexes, revealing heightened biological activities for the complexes in comparison to the free PHNS ligand, notably with the CuPHNS complex demonstrating the highest activity, while the PHNS ligand exhibited the lowest. To delve into potential physiological activities, molecular docking studies were conducted, predicting the binding affinity of the compounds to proteins 2vf5 (Glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase in complex with glucosamine-6-phosphate) from Escherichia coli, 3cku (rate oxidase from Aspergillus flavus complexed with its inhibitor 8-azaxanthin and chloride) from Aspergillus flavus, and 5IJT (Crystal structure of Human Peroxiredoxin 2 Oxidized). The ensuing analysis of protein-ligand interactions and binding energies underscored the promising physiological activities of the investigated compounds, warranting further exploration for their potential in novel drug development.
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•Novel Fe(III) and Cu(II) ions in molar ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 with PHNS ligand complexes have been synthesized.•Their in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant efficacy of the PHNS ligand and its complexes has been investigated.•The CuPHNS complex demonstrated the highest biological activity, while the PHNS ligand exhibited the lowest.•DFT and molecular docking results were correlated with in vitro activities
A high-entropy Fe
Co
Ni
Mn
Al
(at%) alloy with a face-centered cubic (FCC) crystalline phase was produced through mechanical alloying. This study examined the development of its phases, ...microstructure, morphology, and magnetic characteristics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was applied to assess the sample morphology in relation to milling times. The changes that the material underwent during milling were investigated using X-ray diffraction. The milling time affected the phase transformation. A single FCC solid solution (crystallite size = 12 nm) was found after 50 h of milling. Additionally, the magnetic characteristics were examined and shown to be associated with microstructural changes. The powder mixture exhibited behavior consistent with soft magnetics, with an
value of 8 Am
and an
value of 165 emu/g. The excellent soft magnetic characteristic may be related to the stability of the FCC phase, which was generated following a 30 h milling process. In addition, the low value of
may have originated from the presence of Al atoms in the solid solution and the development of large densities of interfaces and crystal defects.
A high-entropy Fesub.30Cosub.20Nisub.20Mnsub.20Alsub.10 (at%) alloy with a face-centered cubic (FCC) crystalline phase was produced through mechanical alloying. This study examined the development of ...its phases, microstructure, morphology, and magnetic characteristics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was applied to assess the sample morphology in relation to milling times. The changes that the material underwent during milling were investigated using X-ray diffraction. The milling time affected the phase transformation. A single FCC solid solution (crystallite size = 12 nm) was found after 50 h of milling. Additionally, the magnetic characteristics were examined and shown to be associated with microstructural changes. The powder mixture exhibited behavior consistent with soft magnetics, with an Hc value of 8 Amsup.−1 and an Ms value of 165 emu/g. The excellent soft magnetic characteristic may be related to the stability of the FCC phase, which was generated following a 30 h milling process. In addition, the low value of Ms may have originated from the presence of Al atoms in the solid solution and the development of large densities of interfaces and crystal defects.
The influences of film thickness on the energy bandgap and optical dielectric loss of Prussian Blue (PB) were examined to fabricate Ag/Prussian Blue (PB)/p-Si/Al photodetectors. The morphological ...characteristics of the spin-coated Prussian Blue (PB) nanostructured films were investigated by FESEM, and 30% of the analyzed particle size distributions were equal to 70 ± 3 nm. An empirical mathematical relationship that correlates the estimated bandgap (Eg eV) values to the film thickness (d nm) is concluded. An empirical equation correlates the estimated energy bandgap to the film thickness, d(nm)=QEg−s where: Q = 15.7 and S = −3.63 with standard errors 4 and 1, respectively. The extracted bandgap energies are equal to 3.622, 3.630, 3.641 and 3.678 eV with indirect transition type for the fabricated Prussian Blue (PB) films with thicknesses equal to 76, 92, 109 and 125 nm, respectively. The real part of the refractive index in the near-infrared region is parameterized by using different theoretical (Drude-Voigt), analytical Cauchy and Forouhi and Bloomer formulas. When 2.33 eV > Tanδ > 1.52 eV, the induced electric dipoles increase rapidly, and the value of T decreases from 0.43 to 0.03 with the increase of the film's thickness from 76 to 125 nm, respectively. The plots of the measured parallel capacitance, CS, conductance, and Gp illustrate a memory hysteresis loop, and the recorded data is analyzed and simulated by impedance spectroscopy analysis. The fabricated Ag/Prussian Blue (76 nm)/p-Si/Al devices are investigated in dark and illumination conditions. The evaluated responsivity showed a linear mathematical relation against the reverse applied voltage ranging from 1.95 to - 0.9 V. This optical switching region may be helpful for lower power switching optoelectronics (from 6 to 18 mW/cm2).
•SEM supports the nanostructured Prussian Blue (PB) thin films.•Influences of film thickness on optical constants and Dispersion parameters of Prussian Blue (PB) thin films were evaluated and interpreted.•The impedance spectroscopy (Z′- Z″) plots at different frequencies for electro-resistive behaviour memory applications.•Prussian Blue (PB) thin films possesses a wide scale bandgap in low UV/Vis power photodetectors.
In the present study, three chemical compounds, Lisub.2WOsub.4, Lisub.0.5Nasub.1.5WOsub.4, and Lisub.1.5Nasub.0.5WOsub.4, are produced using the solid–solid method. Unlike the compound ...Lisub.0.5Nasub.1.5WOsub.4, which crystallizes in the orthorhombic system with the space group Pmmm, both compounds Lisub.2WOsub.4 and Lisub.1.5Nasub.0.5WOsub.4 crystallize in the monoclinic system with the space group P2/m. A morphological analysis reveals that all three compounds have a compact structure with some porosity present. An EDX analysis confirms the chemical composition of the three samples. The optical measurements provide information on the optical gaps and Urbach energies of the materials under consideration. Their dielectric characteristics are investigated in a frequency range of 100–106 Hz and at temperatures ranging from 300 to 600 K. Moreover, this research enables us to determine the ferroelectric transition as well as the type of dielectric material. In this study, an investigation of electrical conductivity was conducted for well-defined temperature and frequency values; which provided us with information about the mechanism of conduction and charge carrier transport models.
Depression is a common comorbidity in patients with asthma with a significant impact on clinical management. However, little information is available about physicians' perceptions and current ...practices in identifying and managing depression in individuals with asthma in Saudi Arabia. Thus, this study aims to assess physicians' views and current practices of identifying and managing depression in patients with asthma in Saudi Arabia.
A cross-sectional study was employed. Between September 2022 and February 2023, an online survey was distributed to physicians (general practitioners and family, internal and pulmonary medicine specialists) in Saudi Arabia. Descriptive statistics were performed to analyze the collected responses.
Out of 1800 invited participants, a total of 1162 physicians completed the online survey. Nearly 40% of the respondents received adequate training for managing depression. More than 60% of physicians reported that depression interferes with self-management and worsens asthma symptoms, while 50% viewed the importance of regular screening for depression. Less than 40% (n=443) aim to identify depression during patients' visits. Of those, only 20% always screen for depression in asthma patients. Physicians show a low level of confidence when asking patients about their feelings (30%), being able to recognize depression (23%), and knowing if patients have depression (23%). The most common barriers linked to recognizing depression are high workload (50%), lack of time to screen for depression (46%), limited knowledge about depression (42%), and poor training (41%).
The rate of recognizing and confidently managing depression in asthmatic patients is significantly low. This is attributed to high workload, poor training, and limited knowledge about depression. There is a need to support psychiatric training and implement a systematic approach to depression detection in clinical settings.
Smoking behavior has been associated with poor academic performance among adult students worldwide. However, the detrimental effect of nicotine dependence on several students' academic achievement ...indicators is still unclear. This study aims to assess the impact of smoking status and nicotine dependence on grade point average (GPA), absenteeism rate and academic warnings among undergraduate health sciences students in Saudi Arabia.
A validated cross-sectional survey was conducted, in which, participants responded to questions evaluated cigarette consumption, urge to consume and dependency, learning performance, days of absentees, and academic warnings.
A total of 501 students from different health specialties have completed the survey. Of whom, 66% were male, 95% ranging between the age of 18-30 years old, and 81% reported no health issues or chronic diseases. Current smokers estimated to be 30% of the respondents, of which 36% revealed smoking history of 2-3 years. The prevalence of nicotine dependency (high to extremely high) was 50%. Overall, smokers had significantly lower GPA, higher absenteeism rate, and higher number of academic warnings when compared to nonsmokers (
<0.001). Heavy smokers demonstrated significantly less GPA (p=0.036), higher days of absences (p=0.017), and more academic warnings (p=0.021) compared to light smokers. The linear regression model indicated a significant association between smoking history (increased pack-per-year) and poor GPA (p=0.01) and increased number of academic warning last semester (p=0.01), while increased cigarette consumption was substantially linked with higher academic warnings (p=0.002), lower GPA (p=0.01), and higher absenteeism rate for last semester (p=0.01).
Smoking status and nicotine dependence were predictive of worsening academic performance, including lower GPA, higher absenteeism rate and academic warnings. In addition, there is a substantial and unfavorable dose-response association between smoking history and cigarette consumption with impaired academic performance indicators.
