COVID-19 is a severe infectious disease that has claimed >150,000 lives and infected millions in the United States thus far, especially the elderly population. Emerging evidence has shown the virus ...to cause hemorrhagic and immunologic responses, which impact all organs, including lungs, kidneys, and the brain, as well as extremities. SARS-CoV-2 also affects patients', families', and society's mental health at large. There is growing evidence of re-infection in some patients. The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of SARS-CoV-2-induced disease, its mechanism of infection, diagnostics, therapeutics, and treatment strategies, while also focusing on less attended aspects by previous studies, including nutritional support, psychological, and rehabilitation of the pandemic and its management. We performed a systematic review of >1,000 articles and included 425 references from online databases, including, PubMed, Google Scholar, and California Baptist University's library. COVID-19 patients go through acute respiratory distress syndrome, cytokine storm, acute hypercoagulable state, and autonomic dysfunction, which must be managed by a multidisciplinary team including nursing, nutrition, and rehabilitation. The elderly population and those who are suffering from Alzheimer's disease and dementia related illnesses seem to be at the higher risk. There are 28 vaccines under development, and new treatment strategies/protocols are being investigated. The future management for COVID-19 should include B-cell and T-cell immunotherapy in combination with emerging prophylaxis. The mental health and illness aspect of COVID-19 are among the most important side effects of this pandemic which requires a national plan for prevention, diagnosis and treatment.
This study presents an analysis of frontal impact and lateral overturn collisions of a double-decker bus, carried out in accordance with Regulations 66 and 29 of the United Nations Economic ...Commission of Europe (UN/ECE), and the Ecuadorian Standardization Service Institute (INEN) with its regulation 1323:2009. The INEN is on charge of regulating the buses for transportation of Ecuadorian passengers. The continuous improvement of active and passive safety of buses with respect to accidents, is currently a topic with great social impact. In this context, the present paper applies the finite element method (FEM) to analyze the behavior of a double-decker bus subject to different collision scenarios, such as frontal impact and lateral overturn, with the purpose of studying the effects of an accident of this type of structure, considering that the existing regulations are not specific for this kind of vehicles. The obtained results enable taking into account different considerations when designing these elements.
After the pandemic generated by the COVID-19 virus, there was a constant need to disinfect different spaces where people pass through in order to reduce the probability of contagion of various ...pathogens. In addition, it became necessary to create autonomous robots capable of disinfecting to prevent cleaning personnel from coming into contact with viruses or bacteria. During the last few years, mostly stationary systems have been used for the disinfection of spaces, such as UV-C radiation lamps, ozone and disinfectant chemicals. For these needs, an autonomous mobile robot equipped with a hybrid disinfection system consisting of a UV-C radiation disinfection module and an aerosol disinfection module was developed. The robot has the ability to detect the presence of people and electronic equipment to activate or deactivate the disinfection systems to ensure the disinfection of all areas while also avoiding the exposure of people to UV-C rays and electronic equipment to liquid substances. To assess the effectiveness of this system, tests were carried out on cultures of molds, yeasts and bacteria on the surface and in the environment of a corridor with a large influx of people, resulting in a reduction of microorganisms by 86% on average in the environment, and 96% on average for the surfaces.
La infección por citomegalovirus (CMV) es un riesgo latente en pacientes inmunocomprometidos por trasplante renal, asociándose con aumento del riesgo de rechazo del injerto y muerte. La infección por ...CMV puede manifestarse como infección activa o enfermedad por CMV (dividida en síndrome por CMV y enfermedad tisular invasiva por CMV). Presentamos dos casos de enfermedad tisular invasiva por CMV, la cual se presentó entre los primeros siete meses posteriores al trasplante. Ambos casos eran D+/R-; recibieron agentes depletores de linfocitos y micofenolato y profilaxis para CMV de acuerdo con las guías de práctica clínica. Los criterios para enfermedad por CMV incluyeron replicación viral detectable en sangre, hallazgos endoscópicos clásicos y confirmación histopatológica. Hacemos énfasis en la necesidad de identificar los factores de riesgo para la infección por CMV en pacientes con trasplante renal, especialmente el seroestatus donador/receptor y los medicamentos inmunosupresores. Aun cuando las guías de práctica clínica sugieren de uno a tres meses de profilaxis para CMV en casos de alto riesgo, debería considerarse la profilaxis extendida y el ajuste de los medicamentos inmunosupresores.
The research is aimed at the study and validation of an impact attenuator to be installed on roads. Its main function is to absorb the energy generated by an impact, therefore, the different ...regulations (national and international) are analyzed together with the materials that lead to reduce the severity of the accident. From this point, the best material is selected through a decision matrix under specific parameters, the design of the shape of the attenuator using a Pugh matrix ideal for the selection of completely new designs and the dynamic simulation is established to observe the behavior. The modeling of the attenuator geometry is created by engineering software and its geometry itself, it is designed in sections with mitigating elements among them. For the validation of the design, the one with the greatest capacity to dissipate energy is chosen, for this purpose, the behavior of the impact attenuator in the event of a vehicle crash is observed using finite element analysis software, defining simulation variables and varying geometry parameters, resulting after several simulations that the 0.8 mm thick impact attenuator design is the most suitable to reduce the crashing effect by reducing the kinetic energy of the rigid body by 92.72%.
Este estudio presenta un análisis de colisiones de impacto frontal y volcamiento lateral de un autobús de dos pisos, conforme al Reglamento 66 y 29 de la Comisión Económica de las Naciones Unidas ...para Europa (UN/ECE), y el Servicio Ecuatoriano de Normalización (INEN) con su normativa 1323:2009, encargado de regular los autobuses para el transporte de pasajeros en el Ecuador. En la actualidad la mejora constante de la seguridad activa y pasiva de los autobuses con respecto a los accidentes es un tema de gran impacto social. En este contexto se analiza la colisión de un autobús de dos pisos aplicando el método de elementos finitos (MEF), el cual es sometido a diferentes escenarios de colisión como es de un impacto frontal y un volcamiento lateral, con la finalidad de estudiar los efectos de un accidente de este tipo de estructuras donde la normativa no es específica para esta clase de vehículos. Los resultados obtenidos permiten tener en cuenta consideraciones importantes al momento del diseño de estos elementos.
El presente estudio da a conocer el desarrollo tecnológico y científico de los materiales de ingeniería utilizados por las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) en la ciudad de Cuenca, relacionándolo ...con el nivel de innovación tecnológica que presentan. Se brinda información sobre la variedad de materiales de ingeniería que se procesan, su nivel tecnológico y los problemas más comunes que enfrentan en el proceso productivo. Se analiza la orientación de la investigación e innovación tecnológica en el campo de los materiales aplicada por el sector industrial. Para el efecto se realizaron encuestas a jefes de producción de una muestra de empresas locales que pertenecen a la CAPIA y a la Cámara de Industrias de Cuenca. Finalmente, se plantean líneas de acción para impulsar el desarrollo de la ciencia de materiales en la industria cuencana mediante trabajo conjunto entre la empresa y los centros de educación superior.
The wide field of implementation of mobile robotics has increased the need for remote interconnection of a control and visualization station with the robot to monitor the data acquired by the robot's ...peripherals, with wireless networks based on the 802.11 protocol being the most optimal for its ease of implementation, bandwidth and operating frequencies. Within these networks, effective service transfer between the Access Points and the robot must be sought so as not to lose communication and for it to send the data in real time by it. For this reason, in this article the implementation of a ROS node that performs the Roaming process based on the intensity of the signal received RSSI from the Access Points of the network is presented. This node runs in parallel to the teleoperated and autonomous operation of the robot. With this node, it was possible to maintain an average link status of 81.15%, signal strength 53.18 dBm, and throughput for the download link of 163.45 Kbps and upload link of 13.45 Mbps, sufficient to maintain a stable interconnection between the control and visualization station and the robot.
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