Post-dryout heat transfer to high pressure water was investigated experimentally in vertical tubes and annuli containing various flow obstacles. The operational conditions during the experiments were ...as follows: mass flux from 500 to 1750kg/m2s, pressure from 5 to 9MPa, inlet subcooling from 10 to 40K and heat flux up to 1.5MW/m2. Five different test sections were used in experiments: three annular test sections with inner diameter 12.7mm and outer diameter 24.3mm, containing cylindrical and grid flow obstacles in the upper part, and two tubular test sections with inner diameter 24.3mm with and without pin flow obstacles. The heated length in all test sections was 3650mm. The wall temperature was measured with 88 thermocouples located along the inner rod and the outer tube surfaces. Due to the presence of flow obstacles, only developing post-dryout heat transfer was observed. Selected post-dryout heat transfer correlations were compared to the experimental data. It has been concluded that all tested correlations predict significantly higher wall temperatures than those obtained in the present experiment. A simple correction function to the Saha model has been suggested which significantly improves the agreement between the correlation and the present data.
The Romanian norms and technical regulations do not provide the obligation of compartment fire tests for composite facade insulation systems "ETICS". Unfortunately, only after these tests can result ...reliable data on the performance evaluation of ETICS under the effects of compartment fires, and there is still no harmonized European standard requiring such tests (in 2018 the first part of a European project that aims to harmonize the fire exposure test of façades was completed). In this context, researchers from the INCERC Fire Security Research and Testing Laboratory in Bucharest, tested experimentally the exposure to compartment fire of two types of ETICS, according to the test method set out in BS 8414. The climate test conditions of both systems were similar, and after the tests (for the first time in Romania) a series of data were obtained on the behaviour of ETICS under the action of compartment fires. With these results, the Romanian fire research aims to bring its contribution at European level, for the large-scale fire performance assessment of ETICS and the identification of innovative solutions for limiting fire propagation on building facades.
The façade fire simulation of buildings is carried out with Pyrosim numerical fire modeling program, following the implementation of a fire scenario in this simulation program. The scenario that was ...implemented in the Pyrosim program by researchers from the INCERC Fire Safety Research and Testing Laboratory complied with the requirements of BS 8414. The results obtained following the run of the computational program led to the visual validation of effluents at different time points from the beginning of the thermal load burning, as well as the validation in terms of recorded temperatures. It is considered that the results obtained are reasonable, the test being fully validated from the point of view of the implementation of the fire scenario, of the correct development of the effluents and of the temperature values 1.
•Laser ablation is used for drilling a periodic 2D photonic structure.•Confinement of radiation is revealed by infra-red spectromicroscopy correlated with numerical calculations.•Telecommunication ...range is accessible upon tuning conveniently the processing parameters.
Light confinement in a two dimensional photonic crystal (2D PhC) with hexagonal symmetry is studied using infra-red reflectance spectromicroscopy and numerical calculations. The structure has been realized by laser ablation, using a pulsed laser (λ=775nm), perforating an In-doped Ge wafer and creating a lattice of holes with well-defined symmetry.
Correlating the spectral signature of the photonic gaps recorded experimentally with the results obtained in the finite difference time domain and finite difference frequency domain calculations, we established the relationship between the geometric parameters of the structure (lattice constants, shape of the hole) and its efficiency in trapping and guiding the radiation in a well-defined frequency range. Besides the gap in the low energy range of transversal electric modes, a second one is identified in the telecommunication range, originating in the localization of the leaky modes within the radiation continuum. The emerging picture is of a device with promising characteristics as an alternative to Si-based technology in photonic device fabrication with special emphasize in energy storage and conversion.
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► A simple approach to fabricate periodic array of conical bumps on silicon (Si) substrate is reported. ► The influence of the medium on the near-field interactions for both sizes ...silica particles layer is investigated. ► By varying the sizes for the colloidal particles, i.e. 700nm and 390nm, we were able to tune, in the near field, the surface density of the Si bumps. ► The developed Si nanobump pattern has potential applications for sensitive detectors, efficient photovoltaic cells, field emitter arrays and displays.
A simple approach to fabricate periodic arrays of conical bumps on silicon (Si) substrate is reported. In the process, a single pulse from a 200fs laser at 387nm wavelength was applied on a self-assembled monolayer of 700nm and 390nm diameter silica spheres on a n-doped Si (100) wafer. The surface was irradiated at normal incidence by immersing the silicon substrates in a glass container filled with 1, 1, 2 trichlor-trifluorethan liquid precursors. After laser irradiation, at laser fluences in the range from 1 to 40J/cm2, a regular array of conical Si bumps was fabricated. The density of the Si bumps can be varied by varying the particle size diameter. The influence of the medium on the near-field interactions for both sizes silica particles layer is investigated.
Adipose tissue is not an inert cell mass contributing only to the storage of fat, but a sophisticated ensemble of cellular components with highly specialized and complex functions. In addition to ...managing the most important energy reserve of the body, it secretes a multitude of soluble proteins called adipokines, which have beneficial or, alternatively, deleterious effects on the homeostasis of the whole body. The expression of these adipokines is an integrated response to various signals received from many organs, which depends heavily on the integrity and physiological status of the adipose tissue. One of the main regulators of gene expression in fat is the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), which is a fatty acid- and eicosanoid-dependent nuclear receptor that plays key roles in the development and maintenance of the adipose tissue. Furthermore, synthetic PPARgamma agonists are therapeutic agents used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.This review discusses recent knowledge on the link between fat physiology and metabolic diseases, and the roles of PPARgamma in this interplay via the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. Finally, we assess the putative benefits of targeting this nuclear receptor with still-to-be-identified highly selective PPARgamma modulators.
Basal cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer, 85% of BCC are located in the head and neck area, of which 30% on the nose. The author present a retrospective study, own experience ...in surgical treatment in 31 cases with basal cell carcinoma of the nose operated in the period 2005-2011. The age of patients was between 50 to 90 years old. The anatomical site of the nose the most frecvently involved was ala 58%, and followed of the nasal tip 18%, lateral nose wall 12%, dorsum 9% and 3% basalioma terebrans. In all of the cases in this study it was performed the repair of the skin tumour defects of the nose, using varied local skin flaps, septal graft and auricle cartilage free grafts a ndcomposite (skin + cartilage) of conchal and helical rim. Treatment methods were depend on the tumor localization and extension. The best treatment option in BCC of the nose was radical surgical excision whith safety margin of the tumour, followed of reconstructive rhinoplasty.
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► Near field optics in liquid media was implemented to nanostructure Si and GaAs. ► Periodic arrays of ring, disk and convex bumps were obtained. ► Chemical composition of the ...nanostructures keep the composition of the substrates.
A simple approach to fabricate periodic arrays of ring bumps, disk and convex bumps or holes on silicon and gallium arsenide substrates is reported. In the process, a mono or double layer of 700nm diameter silica colloidal particles were self-assembled on the substrates and a single pulse from a 200fs laser at 387nm wavelength was applied. The surfaces were irradiated at normal incidence by immersing the substrates in a glass container filled with acetone, carbon tetrachloride and 1,1,2-trichlor-trifluorethan liquid precursors. The influence of the medium on the near-field interactions for both substrates is investigated.
To analyze the risk factors associated with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC)in patients admitted to the ENT Department at Coltea Clinical Hospital in order to assess the similarities and differences as ...compared to the epidemiological data internationally reported.
This is a retrospective study on 178 cases that met the inclusion criteria from 2003 to 2011.
There are a number of specific characteristics noticed in our study group: a larger number of cases aged over 60 than younger patients; a linear fall in number of the cases aged between 30-39 years; approximately one third of the cases did not have any of the traditional risk factors; more than 10% of the cases were associated with lymphoma, etc.
The immunologic pattern of our patients presenting undifferentiated NPC is the following: MNF116, CK19, S100, CD34betaE12, Ki67, EBV positive. The rest of the markers were negative (CerB2, EGFR, COX2, p53, CK7, CD117, VGFR, PCNA, L26/CD20, UHCL1, CD15, CD30, VIM, TTF1, CLA, CK17, CEA, LMP, CD79a, EMA).
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