Endometrial cancer and uterine sarcoma represent the two major types of uterine cancer. In advanced stages, both cancer entities are challenging to treat and correlate with a meagre survival and ...prognosis. Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a form of localized chemotherapy that is heated to improve the chemotherapeutic effect on peritoneal metastases. The aim of the current review is to study the role of HIPEC in the treatment of uterine cancer. A literature review was conducted using the MEDLINE and LIVIVO databases with a view to identifying relevant studies. By employing the search terms "hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy", "uterine cancer", "endometrial cancer", and/or "uterine sarcoma", we managed to identify 26 studies published between 2004 and 2023. The present work embodies the most up-to-date, comprehensive review of the literature centering on the particular role of HIPEC as treatment modality for peritoneally metastasized uterine cancer. Patients treated with cytoreductive surgery, alongside HIPEC, seem to profit from not only higher survival but also lower recurrence rates. Factors such as the completeness of cytoreductive surgery, the peritoneal cancer index, the histologic subtype, or the applied chemotherapeutic agent, all influence HIPEC therapy effectiveness. In summary, HIPEC seems to represent a promising treatment alternative for aggressive uterine cancer.
Abstract Background Despite recent advances the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease remains incompletely understood. A variety of animal models have been utilized in an effort to provide further insights ...and develop more therapeutic options. In order to simulate, to an extent, the pathogenesis and the clinical course of the disease, TNBS induced colitis is often used. Various approaches for inducing TNBS -colitis have been described in the literature. Methods/results In this review, we sought to present the animal model of TNBS induced colitis and outline the pathogenesis, pathophysiology, clinical course and pathological characteristics of the model. Furthermore, we describe the differences among those protocols regarding types of animals and colitis induction. Data sources The MEDLINE database was thoroughly searched using the keywords: TNBS, colitis, Crohn's disease, animal model. Two investigators independently reviewed the abstracts and appropriate articles were included in this review. Additional articles were gathered and evaluated. Conclusion The aim of this study was to thoroughly present an updated review of the TNBS-induced colitis protocols that are implemented by researchers.
Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an advanced primary liver malignancy with a poor prognosis. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has, to date, approved nivolumab, pembrolizumab, ...ramucirumab, nivolumab/ipilimumab, atezolizumab/bevacizumab, as well as tremelimumab/durvalumab, as first- or second-line monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for unresectable HCC. The present review examines the current state of knowledge, and provides a useful update on the safety and efficacy of these therapeutic agents, thus attempting to define the suitability of each mAb for different patient subgroups.
The advent of Industry 4.0 introduced new ways for businesses to evolve by implementing maintenance policies leading to advancements in terms of productivity, efficiency, and financial performance. ...In line with the growing emphasis on sustainability, industries implement predictive techniques based on Artificial Intelligence for the purpose of mitigating machine and equipment failures by predicting anomalies during their production process. In this work, a new dataset that was made publicly available, collected from an industrial blower, is presented, analyzed and modeled using a Sequence-to-Sequence Stacked Sparse Long Short-Term Memory Autoencoder. Specifically the right and left mounted ball bearing units were measured during several months of normal operational condition as well as during an encumbered operational state. An anomaly detection model was developed for the purpose of analyzing the operational behavior of the two bearing units. A stacked sparse Long Short-Term Memory Autoencoder was successfully trained on the data obtained from the left unit under normal operating conditions, learning the underlying patterns and statistical connections of the data. The model was evaluated by means of the Mean Squared Error using data from the unit's encumbered state, as well as using data collected from the right unit. The model performed satisfactorily throughout its evaluation on all collected datasets. Also, the model proved its capability for generalization along with adaptability on assessing the behavior of equipment similar to the one it was trained on.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most common malignancies and the third cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with surgery being the best prognostic tool. Among the well-known ...causative factors of HCC are chronic liver virus infections, chronic virus hepatitis B (HBV) and chronic hepatitis virus C (HCV), aflatoxins, tobacco consumption, and non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD). There is a need for the development of efficient molecular markers and alternative therapeutic targets of great significance. In this review, we describe the general characteristics of HCC and present a variety of targeted therapies that resulted in progress in HCC therapy.
In this paper we present new methods for the reduction of a polynomial system matrix describing a discrete linear repetitive process, to equivalent singular and non-singular 2-D state space ...representations. Particularly, a zero coprime system equivalence transformation resulting in a singular Roesser state space model, preserving the core algebraic structure of the original system matrix, is proposed. As a second step utilizing the singular Roesser model introduced, we further reduce the system to a non-singular, zero coprime system equivalent Roesser model. Both models are constructed by inspection or by applying elementary matrix manipulations and have significantly smaller dimensions compared to similar reductions found in the literature.
In this paper we propose a novel approach for the reduction of a 2-
D
rectangular polynomial matrix of arbitrary degree, to first-order matrix pencils of the form
s
E
1
+
z
E
2
+
A
, utilizing the ...framework of zero coprime equivalence (ZC-E). The proposed approach is in turn employed to derive a series of ZC-E matrix pencils, which can be obtained “by inspection” of the coefficients of the original bivariate polynomial matrix. Improving similar constructions of first order pencils available in the literature, our approach results in matrix pencils whose size increases linearly with the degrees of the indeterminates of the original polynomial matrix. From a system-theoretic point of view, the proposed method, provides the algebraic tools to transform a high order bivariate linear system, into a zero coprime system equivalent first order representation. Notably, one of the proposed transformation techniques gives rise to generalized 2
-
D
Roesser models.
Background
The optimal tumor-free margin width remains controversial and may be inappropriate to investigate without considering differences in the underlying tumor biology.
Methods
R1 resection was ...defined as margin clearance less than 1 mm. R0 resection was further divided into 3 groups: 1–4, 5–9, and ≥10 mm. The impact of margin width on overall survival (OS) relative to
KRAS
status wild type (wt
KRAS
) vs. mutated (mut
KRAS
) was assessed.
Results
A total of 411 patients met inclusion criteria. Median patient age was 58 years (interquartile range, 49.7–66.7); most patients were male (
n
= 250; 60.8 %). With a median follow-up of 28.3 months, median and 5-year OS were 69.8 months and 55.1 %. Among patients with wt
KRAS
tumors, although margin clearance of 1–4 mm or more was associated with improved OS compared to R1 (all
P
< 0.05), no difference in OS was observed when comparing margin clearance of 1–4 mm to the 5–9 mm and the ≥10 mm groups (all
P
> 0.05). In contrast, among patients with mut
KRAS
tumors, all three groups of margin clearance (1–4, 5–9, and ≥10 mm) fared no better in terms of 5-year survival compared to R1 resection (all
P
> 0.05).
Conclusions
While a 1–4 mm margin clearance in patients with wt
KRAS
tumors was associated with improved survival, wider resection width did not confer an additional survival benefit. In contrast, margin status—including a 1 cm margin—did not improve survival among patients with mut
KRAS
tumors.
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