The article is devoted to a comparative study of the image of a hero / superhero in Russian and Western social advertising. The relevance of the study is determined by the contrast of globalization ...processes, on the one hand, and the desire to preserve nationally oriented values, on the other. The novelty of the study lies in comparing the ideological and linguocultural representations of the image of the hero / superhero, reflected in the socio-advertising text. The results of the study are based on a contextual analysis of the geroy and hero tokens, supergeroy and superhero , as well as non-verbal symbols associated with these concepts presented in the structure of creolized advertising text. In the structure of the image of the hero / superhero, both semantic components (for example, a military metaphor) and specific representations that are determined by the cultural code and ideological identifications, are revealed that are common for Russian and Western social advertising. It is proved that those components of the hero’s image that are connected with the axiology of culture (“peaceful heroism” interpreted as socially approved behavior in general) are more likely to have positive connotations than those that are due to ideological ideas. It is concluded that the image of a superhero in Russian linguistic culture, on the one hand, is understandable and even already familiar, on the other hand, it is rejected as a representative of an alien culture and ideology.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
Nursing home (NH) residents are a vulnerable population, susceptible to respiratory disease outbreaks such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Poor outcome in COVID‐19 is at ...least partly attributed to hypercoagulability, resulting in a high incidence of thromboembolic complications. It is unknown whether commonly used antithrombotic therapies may protect the vulnerable NH population with COVID‐19 against mortality. This study aimed to investigate whether the use of oral antithrombotic therapy (OAT) was associated with a lower mortality in NH residents with COVID‐19.
DESIGN
A retrospective case series.
SETTING
Fourteen NH facilities from the NH organization Envida, Maastricht, the Netherlands
PARTICIPANTS
A total of 101 NH residents with COVID‐19 were enrolled.
MEASUREMENTS
The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality. The association between age, sex, comorbidity, OAT, and mortality was assessed using logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
Overall mortality was 47.5% in NH residents from 14 NH facilities. Age, comorbidity, and medication use were comparable among NH residents who survived and who died. OAT was associated with a lower mortality in NH residents with COVID‐19 in the univariable analysis (odds ratio (OR) = 0.89; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.41–1.95). However, additional adjustments for sex, age, and comorbidity attenuated this difference. Mortality in males was higher compared with female residents (OR = 3.96; 95% CI = 1.62–9.65). Male residents who died were younger compared with female residents (82.2 (standard deviation (SD) = 6.3) vs 89.1 (SD = 6.8) years; P < .001).
CONCLUSION
NH residents in the 14 facilities we studied were severely affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic, with a mortality of 47.5%. Male NH residents with COVID‐19 had worse outcomes than females. We did not find evidence for any protection against mortality by OAT, necessitating further research into strategies to mitigate poor outcome of COVID‐19 in vulnerable NH populations. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1647‐1652, 2020.
SARS-CoV-2 infects less than 1% of cells in the human body, yet it can cause severe damage in a variety of organs. Thus, deciphering the non-cell-autonomous effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection is ...imperative for understanding the cellular and molecular disruption it elicits. Neurological and cognitive defects are among the least understood symptoms of COVID-19 patients, with olfactory dysfunction being their most common sensory deficit. Here, we show that both in humans and hamsters, SARS-CoV-2 infection causes widespread downregulation of olfactory receptors (ORs) and of their signaling components. This non-cell-autonomous effect is preceded by a dramatic reorganization of the neuronal nuclear architecture, which results in dissipation of genomic compartments harboring OR genes. Our data provide a potential mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 infection alters the cellular morphology and the transcriptome of cells it cannot infect, offering insight to its systemic effects in olfaction and beyond.
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•Downregulation of odor detection pathways may explain COVID-19-induced anosmia•SARS-CoV-2-mediated disruption of nuclear architecture may impair odor detection•SARS-CoV-2-mediated nuclear reorganization is non-cell autonomous
SARS-CoV-2 induces non-cell-autonomous effects in olfactory epithelium that disrupts nuclear architecture and downregulates olfactory receptor expression in olfactory sensory neurons.
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