The loss of the fat pad surrounding the fibular head after rapid and excessive weight loss after bariatric surgery can lead to foot drop symptoms due to peroneal nerve entrapment (PNE). Conservative ...and surgical approaches have been described for the treatment of this condition, but there is some controversy over the effectiveness of the treatment modalities.
We aimed to investigate the causes and frequency of foot drop due to PNE after bariatric surgery and to investigate the effects of peroneal nerve decompression (PND) as a surgical treatment for PNE.
Single center, university surgical department.
We retrospectively evaluated a series of 2607 patients in terms of neurologic complications after bariatric surgery. Patients' age, sex, co-morbid diseases, vitamin and electrolyte levels, body mass index and postoperative excess weight loss, affected limb, duration of symptoms, and muscle strength scores (according to the Medical Research Council scale) were recorded.
A total of 14 (.5%) patients had foot drop symptoms due to PNE. Of these patients, 9 underwent PND. The mean excess weight loss of PND patients at postoperative months 6 and 12 were 68.8 ± 13.5 and 100.9 ± 10.8, respectively. Foot drop symptoms became evident 5 to 11 months after bariatric surgery, affecting only a unilateral lower extremity in all patients. In laboratory analysis, there were no signs of nutritional and vitamin deficiency or insufficiency in any of the PND cases. Muscular strength was Medical Research Council grade 0 in all patients. The median duration of symptoms was 9 days, and the median complete recovery time was 40 days after PND. Patients who had a duration of symptoms for a maximum of 12 days were completely healed 30 days after PND.
PND should be the first-choice treatment procedure for acute foot drop due to PNE after bariatric surgery.
This study aimed to compare the effects of N-acetylcysteine and benfotiamine in protection of ovarian tissue from ischemia caused by slow neovascularization injury due to intraperitoneal ovarian ...autotransplant in rats.
Twenty-eight female rats were divided into 4 groups, each containing 7 rats. Group 1 only had the abdomen opened and closed, group 2 was the transplant-only group, group 3 received benfotiamine for 3 weeks starting 1 day before the transplant procedure, and group 4 received N-acetylcysteine for 3 weeks starting 1 day before the transplant procedure. At the end of the experimental period, malondialdehyde levels in ovarian tissues together with the apoptosis and fibrosis, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity, and ovarian reserves were investigated.
Apoptosis was significantly increased in group 2 animals. Primordial follicle count was higher in groups 3 and 4 than in group 2. Vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity was decreased in groups 3 and 4 compared with group 2. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunoreactivity was reduced in the secondary follicles in all transplant groups.
In autologous intraperitoneal ovarian transplant, both benfotiamine and N-acetylcysteine are equal and effective agents in protection of ovarian tissue against ischemic injury.
Introduction
Isolated mediastinal and/or hilar lymphadenopathy (IMHL) has become an increasingly common finding as a result of the increased use of thoracic imaging modalities. Endobronchial ...ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA) is accepted as the first step diagnostic method in the differential diagnosis of IMHL.
Objective
To determine the diagnostic yield of the procedure and to analyze clinical and sonographic findings that can be used to differentiate the etiology of lymph node pathologies.
Methods
Patients who underwent EBUS‐TBNA procedure between March 2017 and March 2020 were included in this retrospective study. Demographic data, symptoms, comorbid diseases, and EBUS findings were obtained from the records of the patients.
Results
EBUS‐TBNA provided a diagnosis in 88 patients out of 120 patients (granulomatous diseases n = 54, malignant diseases n = 21, and anthracotic lymph nodes n = 13), and 32 patients had a negative EBUS‐TBNA. 22/32 negative EBUS‐TBNA samples were true negatives (reactive lymphadenopathy). The sensitivity of the procedure was 89.8% while negative predict value was 68.7%, diagnostic yield of 91.6%. Patients with reactive lymph nodes had significantly more comorbidities (77.3%–19.4%, p < .001) and a lower number of lymph node stations (1.6 ± 0.8–2.7 ± 0.9, p < .001). Patients with anthracotic lymph nodes were older and mostly consisted of females (11/13, p < .001).
Conclusion
EBUS‐TBNA has high‐diagnostic efficiency in the differential diagnosis of IMHL. The number and size of lymph node stations can provide useful information for differential diagnosis. Clinical follow‐up can be a more beneficial approach in patients with reactive and anthracotic lymph nodes before invasive sampling.
ObjectivesThe aim of this experimental animal study is to investigate the effect of bone graft and topical ellagic acid application on bone regeneration in rats with critical-sized calvarial bone ...defects. Material and MethodsA total of 24 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups, and 7 mm critical-sized calvarial bone defects were created surgically in them. In the first group, the created defect was left empty, and this acted as a control group. In the second group, only a bone graft was placed in the created defect. In the third group, in addition to placing a bone graft in the created defect, 0.325 mg/kg ellagic acid (EA) was applied topically to the defect. ResultsAs a result of semiquantitative scoring, osteoblast counts were 2 (SD 0.82) in the control group, 2.71 (SD 0.76) in the graft group, and 1.14 (SD 0.69) in the EA + graft group. The number of osteocytes was 2.29 (SD 0.76) in the control group, 2.71 (SD 1.11) in the graft group, and 1.43 (SD 0.54) in the EA + graft group. When inflammations were evaluated, values of 1.71 (SD 0.75), 1.14 (SD 0.69), and 3 (SD 0.82) were obtained in the control, graft, and EA + graft groups, respectively. ConclusionsTopical ellagic and graft applications show different effects at different doses under topical and systemic conditions. The dose amount of ellagic acid applied, especially in topical applications, has critical importance in bone healing.
Purpose. TRPM7 is known to play a key role in tumor progression by regulating cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion in various cancer cell lines. However, there are no comprehensive ...clinical studies about the effect of TRPM7 expression on gastric cancer (GC) prognosis. In this study, it was aimed at investigating the effect of TRPM7 expression on prognosis in GC patients. Additionally, for the first time, it was investigated whether the density of Factor XIIIa-expressing tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in GC has an effect on the biological behaviour of the tumor. Methods. TRPM7 expression and Factor XIIIa-expressing TAM density were immunohistochemically evaluated in paraffin-embedded tumor tissues of 204 GC patients undergoing surgery at a single institution. Results. Tumor size was clearly higher in cases with high TRPM7 expression than those with low expression (p<0.001, Mann-Whitney U). TRPM7 overexpression was closely related to high depth of tumor invasion (p<0.001, ANOVA), increased lymph node metastasis (p<0.001, ANOVA), and high distant metastasis rate (p<0.001, Mann-Whitney U). These findings exposed that high TRPM7 expression is effective in the progression and aggressiveness of GC. In addition, while high CD8+ TIL density affects the prognosis positively, it was determined that high Factor XIIIa+ TAM density negatively affects the prognosis of patients with GC. Furthermore, multivariate analyses revealed TRPM7 overexpression was independently related with short overall (HR 9.64, 95% CI 5.74–16.19, p<0.001) and disease-free survival (HR 5.67, 95% CI 3.61-8.92, p<0.001) in GC patients. Conclusions. Our data suggest that high TRPM7 expression is closely related to progressive tumor behaviour in GC and independently negatively affects survival in patients. In addition, it was determined that a high density of Factor XIIIa+ TAMs negatively affects the prognosis of patients with GC.
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a rare malignancy associated with AIDS and usually affects skin. The most common causative agent is the Human Herpes Virus Type 8 (HHV-8). In the literature, there are few ...case reports about KS with no association to AIDS. In this case report, we report a 72-year-old HIV (-) woman who presented to our clinic with a complaint of fast swelling in the right palatine tonsil and was histopathologically diagnosed as tonsillar KS. Keywords: Palatine tonsil, Kaposi's sarcoma, human herpes virus, histopathology
The positive effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on bone health, which is a potent antioxidant, are known but its effects on fracture healing are not sufficiently covered in the ...literature. This study aims to investigate the effects of GSPE on fracture healing and biomechanics of healing bone.
Sixty-four adult Wistar-Albino male rats were divided into 8 groups of 8 animals in each group. Osteotomy was performed to the right femurs of all groups except the negative control (G1) and positive control (G2) groups, and intramedullary Kirchner wire was used for fixation. GSPE was given to half of the rats (G2-G4-G6-G8) 100 mg/kg/day by oral gavage. The rats were sacrificed on the tenth (G3-G4), twentieth (G5-G6), and thirtieth (G1-G2-G7-G8) days, respectively, and histopathological, radiological, and biomechanical examinations were performed.
Histopathological examination of the specimens from the callus tissues revealed that bone healing was more prominent in the groups supplemented with GSPE (G4, G6, G8). There was a statistically significant improvement in radiological recovery scores and callus volumes in groups with GSPE. When biomechanical strengths were evaluated, it was found that GSPE increased bone strength not only in fracture groups but also in the positive control group (G2).
As a result, this study showed that GSPE, a potent anti-oxidant, had a positive effect on bone healing and improved mechanical strength of the healing bone.
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