Guided self-help treatments based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-GSH) are regarded as a first-line effective treatment for bulimia nervosa (BN). With limited application for CBT-GSH in Japanese ...clinical settings, we conducted a single arm pilot study in order to confirm the acceptability and availability of CBT-GSH in Japan.
25 women with BN received 16-20 sessions of face-to-face CBT-GSH. Primary outcomes were the completion rate of intervention and abstinence rates from objective bingeing and purging as assessed by the Eating Disorder Examination. Secondary outcomes were other self-report measurements of the frequency of bingeing and purging, and characteristic psychopathologies of eating disorders. Assessments were conducted before CBT as baseline as well as after CBT. 92% (23/25) of the participants completed the CBT sessions. After CBT-GSH, 40% (10/25) of the participants (intention-to-treat) achieved symptom abstinence. The mean binge and purge episodes during the previous 28 days improved from 21.88 to 10.96 (50% reduction) and from 22.44 to 10.88 (52% reduction), each (before CBT-GSH to after CBT-GSH), and the within-group effect sizes were medium (Cohen's d = 0.67, 0.65, each). Our study provided a preliminary evidence about the feasibility of CBT-GSH in Japanese clinical settings for the future. Trial registration This study was registered retrospectively in the national UMIN Clinical Trials Registry on July 10, 2013 (registration ID: UMIN000011120).
▶ Ti
1.0V
1.1Mn
0.9 alloys with two different oxygen concentrations have been studied. ▶ Increasing the oxygen concentration raises an equilibrium pressure for dihydride formation. ▶ The equilibrium ...pressure for formation of monohydride does not depend on the oxygen concentration. ▶ The change in the properties is caused by solved oxygen affecting hydrogen occupation directly. ▶ Oxygen also alters the properties as a result of promoting a composition change of the main phase.
The hydrogenation properties of Ti
1.0V
1.1Mn
0.9 alloys with a BCC structure, prepared using two V materials with different oxygen concentrations, were studied. The sample prepared using a conventional-grade V material contained 0.530
mass% of oxygen, and the other sample prepared from a low-oxygen V material contained 0.051
mass% of oxygen. Both samples showed
P–
C isotherms with two plateaus corresponding to formation of monohydrides and dihydrides. The sample with the higher oxygen concentration had an equilibrium pressure for dihydride formation 6.7 times higher than that of the sample with the lower oxygen concentration at 0
°C. There was no significant difference between the two samples with regard to the equilibrium pressure for formation of monohydride or the hydrogen capacity. The formation enthalpies were calculated from the van’t Hoff plots: −30.2
kJ/molH
2 and −35.5
kJ/molH
2 for the dihydrides, and −39.7
kJ/molH
2 and −39.8
kJ/molH
2 for the monohydrides. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the sample with the higher oxygen concentration contained a Ti-rich secondary phase, which caused changes in the composition and in the lattice parameter of the main phase. These results indicated that increasing the oxygen concentration altered the hydrogenation properties as a result of (1) the effect of oxygen solved in the main phase on hydrogen occupation and (2) a composition change resulting from secondary phase formation.
Our main study theme is to reduce fatigue of driver during long time driving. In order to reduce fatigue of drivers during long time driving, we focused on a method of using back support mechanisms ...to change the posture of the driver. We predicted that fatigue level of driver would change in accordance with the change of back support position. Furthermore, we evaluated the muscle activity change when the support position changed. By examining the correlation between the evaluated data, we expected that the driver's optimum support position would be found out. As a result of conducting driving and subjective assessment, it was found that there was a difference in fatigue reduction effect on the change of the driver's back support position. When the driver's fatigue level was low, muscle activity was low.
Translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) bound to GTP transfers the initiator methionyl tRNA to the 40S ribosomal subunit. The eIF5 stimulates GTP hydrolysis by the eIF2/GTP/Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary ...complex on base-pairing between Met-tRNA(i)(Met) and the start codon. The eIF2, eIF5, and eIF1 all have been implicated in stringent selection of AUG as the start codon. The eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosome and promotes recruitment of the ternary complex; however, physical contact between eIF3 and eIF2 has not been observed. We show that yeast eIF5 can bridge interaction in vitro between eIF3 and eIF2 by binding simultaneously to the amino terminus of eIF3 subunit NIP1 and the amino-terminal half of eIF2beta, dependent on a conserved bipartite motif in the carboxyl terminus of eIF5. Additionally, the amino terminus of NIP1 can bind concurrently to eIF5 and eIF1. These findings suggest the occurrence of an eIF3/eIF1/eIF5/eIF2 multifactor complex, which was observed in cell extracts free of 40S ribosomes and found to contain stoichiometric amounts of tRNA(i)(Met). The multifactor complex was disrupted by the tif5-7A mutation in the bipartite motif of eIF5. Importantly, the tif5-7A mutant is temperature sensitive and displayed a substantial reduction in translation initiation at the restrictive temperature. We propose that the multifactor complex is an important intermediate in translation initiation in vivo.
An obligately anaerobic and equol-producing bacterium, designated strain do03T, was isolated from the caecal content of a rat. Cells were Gram-positive, non-spore-forming rods. The results from a ...phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain do03T formed a separate line of descent in the phylogenetic cluster of the family Coriobacteriaceae. The strain was unable to metabolize glucose or other carbohydrates as sole carbon sources; growth was enhanced in the presence of arginine. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major fatty acid was C18 : 1cis9 (54.0 %). The strain had one unidentified predominant (91.9 %) quinone that was not menaquinone, methylmenaquinone, demethylmenaquinone, ubiquinone or rhodoquinone. The DNA G+C content was 63 mol%. The data presented in this work show that strain do03T differs from members of the related recognized genera Eggerthella and Denitrobacterium at both the phylogenetic and phenotypic level. Therefore, the strain constitutes a novel genus and species, for which the name Asaccharobacter celatus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is do03T (=JCM 14811T=DSM 18785T=AHU 1763T).
The near-Earth asteroid 308635 (2005 YU55) is a potentially hazardous asteroid which was discovered in 2005 and passed Earth on Nov. 8, 2011 at 0.85 lunar distances. This was the closest known ...approach by an asteroid of several hundred metres in diameter since 1976 when an object of similar size passed at 0.5 lunar distances. We observed 2005 YU55 from the ground with a recently developed mid-IR camera (miniTAO/MAX38) in N and Q bands and with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) at 1.3 mm. In addition, we obtained space observations with Herschel/PACS at 70, 100, and 160 μm. Our thermal measurements cover a wide range of wavelengths from 8.9 μm to 1.3 mm and were taken after opposition at phase angles between –97° and –18°. We performed a radiometric analysis via a thermophysical model and combined our derived properties with results from radar, adaptive optics, lightcurve observations, speckle, and auxiliary thermal data. We find that 308635 (2005 YU55) has an almost spherical shape with an effective diameter of 300 to 312 m and a geometric albedo pV of 0.055 to 0.075. Its spin axis is oriented towards celestial directions (λecl, βecl) = (60° ± 30°, –60° ± 15°), which means it has a retrograde sense of rotation. The analysis of all available data combined revealed a discrepancy with the radar-derived size. Our radiometric analysis of the thermal data together with the problem to find a unique rotation period might be connected to a non-principal axis rotation. A low to intermediate level of surface roughness (rms mean slope in the range 0.1–0.3) is required to explain the available thermal measurements. We found a thermal inertia in the range 350−800 Jm-2 s-0.5 K-1, very similar to the rubble-pile asteroid 25 143 Itokawa and indicating a surface with a mixture of low conductivity fine regolith with larger rocks and boulders of high thermal inertia.
Only a few studies have evaluated the radiologic features of pre-existing structural abnormalities where lung cancer may develop. This study aimed to analyze the computed tomography (CT) images of ...lung areas where new cancer developed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.
We conducted a multicenter, longitudinal cohort study, called the Keio COPD Comorbidity Research, to assess the incidence of lung cancer. Emphysema and interstitial abnormalities were evaluated in 240 COPD patients who had baseline CT scans applicable for further digital analyses. For patients who developed lung cancer during the 3-year follow-up period, the local spherical lung density of the precancerous area was individually quantified.
Lung cancer was newly diagnosed in 21 participants (2.3% per year). The percent-age of low attenuation area in patients who developed lung cancer was higher than that of the other patients (20.0% vs 10.4%,
=0.014). The presence of emphysema (odds ratio OR 4.2, 95% confidence interval CI 1.0-29.0,
=0.049) or interstitial lung abnormalities (OR 15.6, 95% CI 4.4-65.4,
<0.0001) independently increased the risk for lung cancer. Compared with the density of the entire lung, the local density of the precancerous area was almost the same in patients with heterogeneous emphysema, but it was higher in most patients with interstitial abnormalities.
The presence of emphysema or interstitial abnormalities or a combination of both were independent predictors of lung cancer development in COPD patients. Furthermore, lung cancer most often developed in non-emphysematous areas or in interstitial abnormalities.
To determine the effect of pre-reacted glass-ionomer (PRG) filler extraction solution on the demineralization of bovine enamel by measuring changes in the ultrasound transmission velocity.
The ...specimens were prepared by cutting bovine teeth into enamel blocks. The specimens were immersed in buffered lactic acid solution for 10 minutes twice a day, and then stored in artificial saliva. Other specimens were stored in PRG filler extraction solution for 10 minutes, followed by 10-minute immersion in the buffered lactic acid solution twice a day. The propagation time of longitudinal ultrasonic waves was measured by a pulser receiver. Six specimens were used for each condition, and analyses of variance followed by Tukey tests (α=0.05) were done.
No changes in sonic velocity were found for specimens stored in the PRG filler extraction solution, indicating that the PRG extraction solution had an effect on inhibiting the demineralization of bovine enamel.
The results obtained with the use of an ultrasound measurement technique suggested that PRG filler extraction solution has the ability to prevent demineralization of enamel.
Radiation is the treatment of choice for canine nasal tumours but, in almost all cases, there is local recurrence associated with poor prognosis. This report describes the effect of endoscopic ...photodynamic therapy using talaporfin sodium for canine intranasal carcinoma recurring after radiation therapy. Rhinoscopic photodynamic therapy was administered after radiation therapy in three dogs with recurrent intranasal carcinoma. Two to 24 illuminations of a 665‐nm diode laser were performed two hours after intravenous bolus injection of 5·0 mg/kg of talaporfin sodium. Photodynamic therapy induced almost complete remission and prolonged survival time in all cases suggesting that it might be a useful treatment for intranasal carcinomas that recur after radiation.
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