Abstract 3182
Left ventricular thrombus is a potentially devastating complication of anti-phospholipid syndrome (APLS). To date there have been no systematic reviews of this topic.
We systematically ...searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, ISI, and CINAHL for cases of left ventricular thrombi in APLS. We also included a case seen at our institution. Both English and non-English language citations were included. Keywords included “intracardiac” AND “antiphospholipid”, or “antiphospholipid syndrome” AND “cardiac thrombus”, or in MEDLINE with MeSH operator “antiphospholipid syndrome” AND “thrombus.” A total of 669 citations were found. Twenty-six met our criteria.
There are a total of 28 cases of left ventricular thrombus in APLS (Table 1). The median age was 38 (±15.1 yrs). Fifteen (54%) were women, 12 (43%) were men and 1 was of unknown sex. Five (18%) died, 21 (75%) survived to discharge and 2 (7.1%) had unknown vital status. Nineteen (68%) had a positive cardiolipin antibody, 7 were unknown (25%) and 2 were negative (7.1%). Fourteen (50%) had a positive lupus anticoagulant, and 14 (50%) were unknown. Eight were treated with anticoagulation alone (29%). Of those, 7 recovered (25%) and one was unknown (3.6%). Three (10.7%) were treated with anticoagulation and corticosteroids, and all 3 recovered. In eight (29%), surgical thrombectomy and anticoagulation were utilized. Of the 8 who had surgery, 6 recovered (21%) and 2 died (7.1%).
In this systematic review we have shown that death may be less common than previously reported (33% Lim, et. al, Intern Med J. 2004 Mar;34(3):135-7 vs. 18% in our study). A high index of suspicion is warranted.
No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
The need for high speed communications networks has led the research communities and industry to develop reliable, scalable transatlantic and transpacific fiber-optic communication links. In this ...paper the optimum Golomb ruler based 2D OCDMA codes has been demonstrated. An OCDMA system based on the discussed 2D codes is designed and simulated on Optisystem. The encoder and decoder structure of OCDMA system have been designed using filter and time delays. Further the performance is analysed for various parameter such as bit rate, number of users, BER (Bit Error Rate), quality factor, eye diagram and signal diagram. The system is analyzed for up to 18 users at 1 Gbps and 1.25 Gbps bit rate.
Sensing of pathogen infection by plants elicits early signals that are transduced to affect defense mechanisms, such as effective blockage of pathogen entry by regulation of stomatal closure, ...cuticle, or callose deposition, change in water potential, and resource acquisition among many others. Pathogens, on the other hand, interfere with plant physiology and protein functioning to counteract plant defense responses. In plants, hormonal homeostasis and signaling are tightly regulated; thus, the phytohormones are qualified as a major group of signaling molecules controlling the most widely tinkered regulatory networks of defense and counter-defense strategies. Notably, the phytohormone jasmonic acid mediates plant defense responses to a wide array of pathogens. In this review, we present the synopsis on the jasmonic acid metabolism and signaling, and the regulatory roles of this hormone in plant defense against the hemibiotrophic bacterial pathogen
We also elaborate on how this pathogen releases virulence factors and effectors to gain control over plant jasmonic acid signaling to effectively cause disease. The findings discussed in this review may lead to ideas for the development of crop cultivars with enhanced disease resistance by genetic manipulation.
Crop varieties with a high yield are most desirable in the present context of the ever-growing human population. Mostly, the yield traits are governed by a complex of numerous molecular and genetic ...facets modulated by various quantitative trait loci (QTLs). With the identification and molecular characterizations of yield-associated QTLs over recent years, the central role of phytohormones in regulating plant yield is becoming more apparent. Most often, different groups of phytohormones work in close association to orchestrate yield attributes. Understanding this cross talk would thus provide new venues for phytohormone pyramiding by editing a single gene or QTL(s) for yield improvement. Here, we review a few important findings to integrate the knowledge on the roles of auxin, brassinosteroid and cytokinin and how a single gene or a QTL could govern cross talk among multiple phytohormones to determine the yield traits.
Potatoes are an important source of food for millions of people worldwide. Biotic stresses, notably late blight and potato cyst nematodes (PCN) pose a major threat to potato production worldwide, and ...knowledge of genes controlling these traits is limited. A genome-wide association mapping study was conducted to identify the genomic regulators controlling these biotic stresses, and the genomic prediction accuracy was worked out using the GBLUP model of genomic selection (GS) in a panel of 222 diverse potato accessions. The phenotype data on resistance to late blight and two PCN species (
Globodera pallida
and
G
.
rostochiensis
) were recorded for three and two consecutive years, respectively. The potato panel was genotyped using genotyping by sequencing (GBS), and 1,20,622 SNP markers were identified. A total of 7 SNP associations for late blight resistance, 9 and 11 for
G. pallida
and
G
.
rostochiensis
, respectively, were detected by additive and simplex dominance models of GWAS. The associated SNPs were distributed across the chromosomes, but most of the associations were found on chromosomes 5, 10 and 11, which have been earlier reported as the hotspots of disease-resistance genes. The GS prediction accuracy estimates were low to moderate for resistance to
G
.
pallida
(0.04-0.14) and
G
.
rostochiensis
(0.14-0.21), while late blight resistance showed a high prediction accuracy of 0.42-0.51. This study provides information on the complex genetic nature of these biotic stress traits in potatoes and putative SNP markers for resistance breeding.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory infection in children worldwide. Understanding its prevalence, variations, and characteristics is vital, particularly ...in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aimed to investigate the RSV positivity rate, subtype prevalence, age and gender distribution, symptomatology, and co-infection rates during pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. We analyzed data from 15,381 patients tested for RSV between 2017 and 2023. Our analysis revealed a 7.2% average RSV positivity rate in the pre-pandemic period, with significant fluctuations during the pandemic (1.5% in 2020 to 32.0% in 2021). We observed variations in RSVA and RSVB detection rates. The 0-4 years' age group was consistently the most affected, with a slight male predominance. Fever and cough were common symptoms. Therapeutic interventions, particularly antiviral usage and ventilation requirements, decreased during the pandemic. We also identified variations in co-infection rates with other respiratory viruses. Our study offers critical insights into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on RSV prevalence, subtype distribution, patient characteristics, and clinical management. These findings underscore the need for ongoing surveillance and adaptive public health responses.
Proteasomes are known to degrade proteins involved in various processes like metabolism, signal transduction, cell-cycle regulation, inflammation, and apoptosis. Evidence showed that protein ...degradation has a strong influence on developing neurons as well as synaptic plasticity. Here, we have shown that sulforaphane (SFN) could prevent the deleterious effects of postnatal proteasomal inhibition on spatial reference and working memory of adult mice. One day old Balb/c mice received intracerebroventricular injections of MG132 and SFN. Sham received an equal volume of aCSF. We observed that SFN pre-administration could attenuate MG132 mediated decrease in proteasome and calpain activities. In vitro findings revealed that SFN could induce proteasomal activity by enhancing the expression of catalytic subunit-β5. SFN pre-administration prevented the hippocampus based spatial memory impairments during adulthood, mediated by postnatal MG132 exposure. Histological examination showed deleterious effects of MG132 on pyramidal neurons and granule cell neurons in DG and CA3 sub-regions respectively. Furthermore, SFN pre-administration has shown to attenuate the effect of MG132 on proteasome subunit-β5 expression and also induce the Nrf2 nuclear translocation. In addition, SFN pre-administered mice have also shown to induce expression of pCaMKII, pCreb, and mature/pro-Bdnf, molecules which play a crucial role in spatial learning and memory consolidation. Our findings have shown that proteasomes play an important role in hippocampal synaptic plasticity during the early postnatal period and SFN pre-administration could enhance the proteasomal activity as well as improve spatial learning and memory consolidation.
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