Socijalne inovacije se smatraju dvostruko inovativnima: u svojim sredstvima i u svojim ciljevima. Mogu se razviti kao nov odnos ili suradnja, novi poslovni model, kao unaprijeđeni način djelovanja ...ili poboljšani proces unutar organizacije ili, konačno, kao nova socijalna usluga ili proizvod. Kvalitativno istraživanje provedeno za potrebe ovoga rada za cilj je imalo povezati koncept socijalnih inovacija s djelovanjem ustanove Caritasa. Istraživanje je pokazalo da postoje primjeri već upotrebljenih socijalnih inovacija u djelovanju Caritasa, ali i stanoviti manjak poznavanja koncepta. Istraživanje je također pokazalo želju kod svih dionika Caritasa za inovativnim djelovanjem u budućnosti. Trenutne najveće prepreke na tom putu su nedostatak stabilnog financiranja, koordinacijske podrške u educiranju kadrova i radu volontera. Ujedno se u tom segmentu nalazi i najveći potencijal za napredak.
Social innovations are doubly innovative: in their means and in their goals. They can develop as new relationships or collaborations, a business model, an developed way of working or improve a process within an organization. Qualitative research, made for the purposes of this paper, has proven the connection of the concept of social innovation and the Caritas institution. It turned out that there are several examples of already applied social innovations in their work. It also showed that concept is partly unknown to the stakeholders, in the core of it’s terminology. The research showed the desire, among all stakeholders, to implement social innovation concept in the future. Currently, the biggest obstacles on this path are present lack of stable funding, coordination support in education and volunteers. It is also the greatest potential for the progress, on which needs to be worked on in the future.
CHALLENGES IN POVERTY ALLEVIATION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MINIMUM INCOME SYSTEMS IN CROATIA AND SLOVENIA ABSTRACT Minimum income systems in the countries of the European Union are an important ...instrument in the policy of fighting poverty. Although in several strategic documents of various EU institutions, member states are invited to improve their minimum income systems and the recommendations how to do it are included, in a large number of EU countries, including Croatia, the aforementioned recommendations are still awaiting implementation. Therefore, the main goal of this work is to achieve a deeper insight into the potentials and challenges of the minimum income system in their focus on poverty alleviation and better social integration of their users in Croatia and Slovenia through a comparative analysis of the minimum income systems in Croatia and Slovenia. For the comparison and evaluation of the minimum income systems, numerous indicators will be analysed, such as the rate of adequacy of the minimum income and the rate of coverage of the poor by the minimum income for the period from 2018 to 2020. Elements of the availability of the minimum income system to citizens will be analysed, such as the complexity of the application process and the complexity of the method of checking income and assets, the so-called means test. At the end, after the analysis, certain recommendations for improving the minimum income system in the Republic of Croatia will be presented. Key words: minimum income; poverty; social exclusion; social integration
Sustavi minimalnog dohotka u zemljama Europske unije važan su instrument u politici borbe protiv siromaštva. Iako se u većem broju strateških dokumenata različitih EU institucija poziva i preporuča ...zemljama članicama da unaprijede svoje sustave minimalnog dohotka, u većem broju EU zemalja među kojima je i Hrvatska implementacija navedenih preporuka još je uvijek na čekanju. Stoga je temeljni cilj ovog rada komparativnom analizom sustava minimalnog dohotka Hrvatske i Slovenije ostvariti dublji uvid u potencijale, ali i izazove sustava minimalnog dohotka u njihovoj usmjerenosti na ublažavanje siromaštva i bolje socijalne integracije njihovih korisnika. Za usporedbu i ocjenu sustava minimalnog dohotka analizirat će se brojni indikatori poput stope adekvatnosti minimalnog dohotka, stope pokrivenosti siromašnih minimalnim dohotkom za period od 2018. do 2020. godine. Analizirat će se elementi dostupnosti sustava minimalnog dohotka građanima poput zahtjevnosti procedure prijave i zahtjevnosti metode provjere dohotka i imovine tzv. means testa. Na kraju se nakon provedene analize i ostvarenih uvida iznose određene preporuke za unapređenja sustava minimalnog dohotka u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Minimum income systems in the countries of the European Union are an important instrument in the policy of fighting poverty. Although in several strategic documents of various EU institutions, member states are invited to improve their minimum income systems and the recommendations how to do it are included, in a large number of EU countries, including Croatia, the aforementioned recommendations are still awaiting implementation. Therefore, the main goal of this work is to achieve a deeper insight into the potentials and challenges of the minimum income system in their focus on poverty alleviation and better social integration of their users in Croatia and Slovenia through a comparative analysis of the minimum income systems in Croatia and Slovenia. For the comparison and evaluation of the minimum income systems, numerous indicators will be analysed, such as the rate of adequacy of the minimum income and the rate of coverage of the poor by the minimum income for the period from 2018 to 2020. Elements of the availability of the minimum income system to citizens will be analysed, such as the complexity of the application process and the complexity of the method of checking income and assets, the so-called means test. At the end, after the analysis, certain recommendations for improving the minimum income system in the Republic of Croatia will be presented.
Visoke i rastuće regionalne ekonomske nejednakosti u Hrvatskoj uz »parcijalnu decentralizaciju« sustava socijalne skrbi rezultirale su porastom socijalnih nejednakosti među hrvatskim građanima. ...Spomenuti procesi rezultirali su situacijom da se jedno od temeljnih načela socijalne države i socijalne politike kao što je načelo jednakosti sve više narušava. Navedeno ima za posljedicu da razina ostvarenja socijalnih prava građana u Hrvatskoj u sve većoj mjeri ovise o mjestu stanovanja i socioekonomskom statusu. Navedena tvrdnja je središnja hipoteza rada koja je eksplicirana analizom dostupnosti institucionalne skrbi za starije osobe po županijama u Hrvatskoj i lokalnih socijalnih programa izabrane četiri jedinice lokalne samouprave. Provedena analiza pokazala je značajnu razinu međužupanijskih nejednakosti u dostupnosti institucionalne skrbi za starije te isto tako analizom izdvajanja i strukture lokalnih socijalnih programa demonstrirala da je stupanj ostvarenja socijalnih prava građana Hrvatske u značajnoj mjeri neujednačen i ovisan o mjestu stanovanja i socioekonomskom statusu. Uzroci za navedenu situaciju nalaze se u neuspješnim politikama ujednačavanja regionalnog razvoja i parcijalno provedenoj decentralizaciji sustava socijalne skrbi. Zaključno poglavlje donosi određene preporuke za nositelje ekonomske i socijalne politike kojima bi se demonstrirane i rastuće socijalne nejednakosti hrvatskih građana potencijalno ublažile.
Focusing on human capital, social investments provide an answer to the social challenges facing social development in recent decades. In the context of human capital, investing in health has multiple ...channels of influence especially if it is present from an early age: a person will stay active longer, be more productive and contribute to the economy and society. The paper aims to gain an insight into the extent to which Croatia’s health policy is in line with the concept of social investment presented through the European Commission’s document Investing in Health, which builds on the basic document on social investment: Towards Social Investment for Growth and Cohesion. For this purpose, the analysis of strategic health policy documents and the comparative analysis of data on investments in the health system from both the Eurostat database and domestic data sources are used. There is also a detailed comparative analysis of (in) equality of access to health services in Croatia in the EU context, and of the importance of individual components of health care from the perspective of social investment. It is noticed that the Croatian health policy follows the idea of social investment described in the document Investing in Health with certain shortcomings, but there is a shift towards overcoming some shortcomings such as, for example, a serious lack of evaluation in the implementation of certain measures and programs adopted. Key words: health investment, social investments, human capital, health policy
The social economy sector in Croatia has been neglected for a long time and has not been recognized as a space for sustainable jobs and the development of a more inclusive and cohesive society, as is ...the case in many Eastern and Central European countries. On the other hand, social entrepreneurship is a relatively new phenomenon established in this century. The aim of this paper is to assess the trends and challenges of social economy development in Croatia as the newest, last EU member state. On the basis of a secondary data analysis, the paper scrutinizes trends in social economy development. Social entrepreneurship is analysed as a part of the social economy that is strengthening, as well as the economic activity of associations that tends to turn into a social economy or a solidarity economy. The paper will also give an overview of the instances of the institutional context of the development of cooperatives and social enterprises, such as the recent legislative and policy changes, as well as the institutional framework with some insights into recommendations how to promote the development of the social economy sector in Croatia. Keywords: social economy; cooperative sector; social enterprises; Croatia.
The social economy sector in Croatia has been neglected for a long time and has not been recognized as a space for sustainable jobs and the development of a more inclusive and cohesive society, as is ...the case in many Eastern and Central European countries. On the other hand, social entrepreneurship is a relatively new phenomenon established in this century. The aim of this paper is to assess the trends and challenges of social economy development in Croatia as the newest, last EU member state. On the basis of a secondary data analysis, the paper scrutinizes trends in social economy development. Social entrepreneurship is analysed as a part of the social economy that is strengthening, as well as the economic activity of associations that tends to turn into a social economy or a solidarity economy. The paper will also give an overview of the instances of the institutional context of the development of cooperatives and social enterprises, such as the recent legislative and policy changes, as well as the institutional framework with some insights into recommendations how to promote the development of the social economy sector in Croatia.
Programi socijalnog poduzetništva od svojih su početaka u većini europskih zemalja usmjereni na integraciju marginaliziranih i teško zapošljivih skupina na tržište rada. Rehabilitirani ovisnici ...predstavljaju jednu od marginaliziranih skupina u društvu, za koje su tradicionalni načini za pristup tržištu rada zatvoreni. Određena istraživanja ukazuju na gotovo dvostruko veću nezaposlenost rehabilitiranih ovisnika u odnosu na opću populaciju. Zemlje Zapadne Europe u značajnoj mjeri koriste potencijal socijalnog poduzetništva kao instrument zapošljavanja skupina isključenih iz društva. Napori koji se ulažu u ovo područje u zemljama Srednje i Istočne Europe znatno su manji, a to pokazuje i primjer Republike Hrvatske. Ovaj se rad bavi komparativnom analizom programa socijalnog poduzetništva, čiji je fokus zapošljavanje rehabilitiranih ovisnika, u zemljama Europske Unije i Hrvatskoj. Rad na temelju provedene analize donosi preporuke za unaprjeđenje praktičnih aktivnosti i socijalnopoduzetničkih projekata namijenjenih kvalitetnijoj integraciji rehabilitiranih ovisnika na tržište rada.
From their beginnings, social entrepreneurship programmes have focused on integration of marginalised and difficult-to-employ groups on the labour market. Rehabilitated addicts represent one of the marginalised groups of our society, to whom traditional routes of access to the labour market are closed. Some studies indicate nearly twice as much unemployment among rehabilitated addicts than among the general population. Western European countries have managed to leverage the potential of social entrepreneurship to employ marginalised groups, while Central and Eastern European countries, including Croatia, have invested much less effort. This paper deals with comparative analysis of social enterpreneurship programmes, in Croatia and certain other EU countries, that are focused on employment of rehabilitated addicts. The analysis provides recommendations for the improvement of practical activities and social entrepreneurial projects aimed at the better integration of rehabilitated addicts into the labour market.
From their beginnings, social entrepreneurship programmes have focused on integration of marginalised and difficult-to-employ groups on the labour market. Rehabilitated addicts represent one of the ...marginalised groups of our society, to whom traditional routes of access to the labour market are closed. Some studies indicate nearly twice as much unemployment among rehabilitated addicts than among the general population. Western European countries have managed to leverage the potential of social entrepreneurship to employ marginalised groups, while Central and Eastern European countries, including Croatia, have invested much less effort. This paper deals with comparative analysis of social enterpreneurship programmes, in Croatia and certain other EU countries, that are focused on employment of rehabilitated addicts. The analysis provides recommendations for the improvement of practical activities and social entrepreneurial projects aimed at the better integration of rehabilitated addicts into the labour market.
U radu se prikazuje uloga mjera aktivne politike tržišta rada u europskom kontekstu s prikazom recentne literature o razvoju, tendencijama i učincima aktivne politike. Na temelju dostupnih izvora ...prvenstveno Hrvatskog zavoda za zapošljavanje o mjerama, sudionicima i izdacima za aktivnu politiku tržišta rada prikazuju se tendencije i rezultati programa aktivne politike zapošljavanja u Republici Hrvatskoj. Komparativnom analizom recentnih tendencija i smjernica iz europskog okruženja u području APTRa i prakse u Hrvatskoj iznose se zaključci o (ne)usklađenosti hrvatske prakse u području APTRa s europskim tendencijama, te se donose preporuke za razvoj programa APTRa u budućnosti. Temeljni zaključak provedene analize odnosi se na ocjenu da su programi aktivne politike zapošljavanja marginalni instrument politike tržišta rada Hrvatske u protekla dva desetljeća, te da postoji potreba snažnije prilagodbe programa APTRa europskom kontekstu. U skladu s nalazima iz teksta usklađivanje s europskim tendencijama APTRa Hrvatske značilo bi osiguranje veće razine financiranja programa i participacije korisnika, bolji dizajn programa uz uvažavanje regionalnih specifičnosti te integraciju evaluacije kao sastavnicu aktivne politike zapošljavanja.
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