Additive manufacturing (AM) zirconia shows excellent prospects for use in clinical applications. In this work, AM zirconia samples were fabricated in horizontal (H) and upright (U) fashion using a ...stereolithography appearance (SLA) system. The dimensional accuracy, density, translucency, surface quality, flexural strength and fracture toughness (KIc) of the samples were then assessed. AM zirconia fabricated in a H fashion shows excellent dimensional accuracy. Samples fabricated in a U fashion exhibit a higher density (relative density 95.4%) and translucency (4.393), but H group samples exhibit a higher KIc value (12.635 ± 1.372 MPa m1/2). The flexural strengths of the samples were measured and the values were compared according to their different build orientations, surface quality and fracture modes. Manual defects that arose in the samples as a result of their separation from the build platform in which they were made were found to lead to samples with irregular surface morphologies and increased surface roughness. However, this type of defect does not affect the flexural strength of samples fabricated in a H fashion. Polished-H samples that fracture from the stress concentration area exhibit the highest flexural strength (1151.08 ± 166.41 MPa) amongst all the samples prepared in this work. However, the flexural strength of the samples prepared in a U fashion is obviously low, even after polishing (225.44 ± 46.10 MPa). The Weibull characteristic strengths and Weibull moduli of the as-sintered samples are 920.22 MPa and 6.50 for H and 219.59 MPa and 7.99 for U, respectively. Overall, it was found that the dimensional accuracy, density, translucency, surface quality and mechanical properties of materials vary according to their different build orientations.
In this letter, a novel maximum distance separable coding enabled proxy‐based Internet censorship circumvention system is proposed to handle severe security threats. By introducing redundancy ...encoding and multi‐proxy transmission, its anti‐censorship capability is significantly enhanced in terms of transmission reliability and data security. A generalized characterization method is constructed for the proposed system utilizing a six‐parameter tuple. Defining successful transmission probability and secure transmission probability as the evaluation metrics of system performances, their mathematical formulations are further derived theoretically. Extensive simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed system.
In this letter, we propose a novel maximum distance separable coding enabled proxy‐based Internet censorship circumvention system to handle severe security threats. By introducing redundancy encoding and multi‐proxy transmission, its anti‐censorship capability is significantly enhanced in terms of transmission reliability and data security.
Many existing data center network (DCN) flow scheduling schemes, that minimize flow completion times (FCT) assume prior knowledge of flows and custom switch functions, making them superior in ...performance but hard to implement in practice. By contrast, we seek to minimize FCT with no prior knowledge and existing commodity switch hardware. To this end, we present PIAS, a DCN flow scheduling mechanism that aims to minimize FCT by mimicking shortest job first (SJF) on the premise that flow size is not known a priori. At its heart, PIAS leverages multiple priority queues available in existing commodity switches to implement a multiple level feedback queue, in which a PIAS flow is gradually demoted from higher-priority queues to lower-priority queues based on the number of bytes it has sent. As a result, short flows are likely to be finished in the first few high-priority queues and thus be prioritized over long flows in general, which enables PIAS to emulate SJF without knowing flow sizes beforehand. We have implemented a PIAS prototype and evaluated PIAS through both testbed experiments and ns-2 simulations. We show that PIAS is readily deployable with commodity switches and backward compatible with legacy TCP/IP stacks. Our evaluation results show that PIAS significantly outperforms existing information-agnostic schemes, for example, it reduces FCT by up to 50% compared to DCTCP and L2DCT; and it only has a 1.1% performance gap to an ideal information-aware scheme, pFabric, for short flows under a production DCN workload.
A parsimonious model is always preferred in engineering applications not only because it has a better prediction ability but also because it suffers less from the curse of dimensionality in ...data-based modeling. One way to achieve a parsimonious model is to identify contributing variables from the candidate variables and then to eliminate noncontributing or redundant variables. However, identifying which variables contribute and which variables do not contribute is not an easy task for a nonparametric nonlinear system. This paper considers variable-selection problems for a nonlinear nonparametric system. Two approaches, inverse and contour variable-selection algorithms, are proposed along with their theoretical analysis and numerical algorithms. Neither approach suffers from the curse of dimensionality, which is usually a problem for traditional variable-selection methods for a nonparametric nonlinear system. Furthermore, no elliptic symmetry nor independent input variables are assumed, so both algorithms enjoy wide applications. Numerical algorithms for both approaches are fairly straightforward and simple.
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•GFP showed hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in diabetic mice.•GFP modulated gut microbiota profile of diabetic mice.•Glycolipid metabolism related genes were significantly ...regulated by GFP.
This study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of polysaccharides from Grifola frondosa (GFP) in diabetic mice induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ). Results showed that oral administration of GFP markedly reduced the serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance (OGT), cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and significantly decreased the hepatic levels of TC, TG and free fatty acids (FFA). Meanwhile, high-dose of GFP supplementation (900 mg/kg day) also showed powerful effects on moderating the composition of intestinal microflora in diabetic mice, especially altering the functionally relevant intestinal microbial phylotypes. Spearman’s correlation network analysis revealed that key microbial phylotypes responding to GFP intervention were strongly correlated with the glucose and lipid metabolic disorders associated parameters. Moreover, GFP treatment regulated mRNA expression levels of the genes responsible for hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. It is noteworthy that GFP treatment markedly increased mRNA expression of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and bile salt export pump (BSEP), suggesting an enhancement of bile acids (BAs) synthesis and excretion in liver. These findings demonstrated that GFP could prevent hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in diabetic mice by altering gut microbiota and regulating hepatic glycolipid metabolism related genes, and therefore could be used as potential functional food ingredients for the prevention or treatment of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.
• The prevalence of suicidal ideation in the past 12 months was 9.2% (576/6284).• Senior grade levels, dissatisfaction with motherly love, poor family relationship and parental marital status, having ...few friends and going to public entertainment venues were associated with suicidal ideation.• Smoking, sleep quality and depressive symptoms were associated with suicidal ideation.• Family factors had the most influence on suicidal ideation.• Depression symptoms were a crucial mediating factor between family factors, social interactions or daily habits and suicidal ideation.
The prevention of suicidal ideation plays a key role in reducing suicide rates. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation among college students in Jilin Province, China, and to analyse the risk factors associated with suicidal ideation.
A total of 6284 valid data collection sheets were collected using the stratified cluster sampling method. The data collected were divided into four sections, namely, socio-demographic information, family and social interactions, daily habits, and mental health self-rating scales.
The prevalence of suicidal ideation in the past 12 months was 9.2%. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being a senior (OR = 1.769, 95%CI:1.225–2.555), general family relationships (OR = 1.641, 95%CI:1.172–2.298), frequent parental quarrels (OR = 1.398, 95%CI:1.027–1.902)/parental separation (OR = 2.497, 95%CI:1.414–4.408), the level of satisfaction with motherly love (OR = 2.261, 95%CI:1.454–3.515), having only one or two friend(s) (OR = 1.530, 95%CI:1.038–2.254), frequent excursions to bars/ karaoke halls/ song and dance halls (OR = 1.673, 95%CI:1.257–2.229) or billiard halls with friends (OR = 1.865, 95%CI:1.270–2.740), smoking (OR = 2.175, 95%CI:1.603–2.951), moderate sleep quality (OR = 1.636, 95%CI:1.115–2.402), and depressive symptoms (OR = 2.078, 95%CI: 1.710–2.525) were risk factors for suicidal ideation. Family factors had the most influence on suicidal ideation, whereas depression symptoms were identified to be a mediating factor between family, social interactions, or daily habits and suicidal ideation, and it only exerted direct effects.
This cross-sectional study cannot provide causal interpretations.
Our findings showed the prevalence of suicidal ideation among college students in Jilin province. Among all the risk factors associated with suicidal ideation, family factors should be the main concern in the prevention of suicidal ideation, and interventions that target depression symptoms are key to reducing suicidal ideation.
Background
The repair and reconstruction of medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs) is an important issue in the field of orthopedic sports medicine. This study reports the first application of ...arthroscopic linear chain fixation for the treatment of MMPRTs.
Case presentation
A 78‐year‐old female patient presented with a 1.5‐month history of right knee pain accompanied by a locked facet joint. The patient underwent surgery with the new linear chain fixation method. In this method, the suture and the loop part of the buckle‐strap titanium plate were combined into a linear chain mechanical complex, and the tension of the posterior root stump was gradually increased by pulling on the two attachment lines at the external mouth of the tibial tunnel. The postoperative Lysholm score was 89, and the visual analogue scale score was 0.9, indicating a significant improvement in knee joint function. At the 7‐month and 1‐year post‐surgery follow‐up, physical and MRI examinations confirmed satisfactory healing of the MMPRTs.
Conclusion
This surgical approach offers several benefits, including a simplified instrumentation setup, preservation of natural anatomical structures, and reliable residual stump fixation. It has the potential for clinical implementation.
This graphical showed the treatment and observation for the repair surgery of medial meniscus posterior root injuries. And this case report of arthroscopic linear cyclic fixation proposed good feasibility and clinical efficacy. And It has the potential for being applied clinically.
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•Deeply divergent chloroplast lineages restricted to different geographic regions.•Populations survived the last glaciation in situ by ecological niche model.•Less number of ...clustering with nuclear microsatellites than cpDNA.•J. cathayensis populations have remained interconnected via pollen.
Plant phylogeographic studies in East Asia have provided support for the biogeographic hypothesis that the complex landforms and climate of this region have provided substantial opportunities for allopatric speciation. However, most of these studies have been based on maternally inherited chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) markers and were therefore unable to reveal the role of pollen-mediated gene flow in preventing population divergence. Here, we investigate the phylogeography of the Chinese walnut Juglans cathayensis, a temperate deciduous tree widely distributed across disjunct montane sites in subtropical China. We genotyped 19 populations using seven cpDNA fragments and ten nuclear microsatellite loci and modeled the ecological niche of J. cathayensis. CpDNA analysis identified a total of nine haplotypes, and each of the 19 sampled populations was fixed for a single haplotype, displaying a prominent phylogeographic structure. The results of ecological niche modeling indicated that J. cathayensis populations survived the last glaciation in situ, although they were probably more fragmented than today. In contrast, we detected a much weaker, but nonetheless clear, genetic structure based on nuclear microsatellite data. Our study demonstrates how extensive pollen flow can erase the genetic imprint of long-term refugial isolation in maternal lineages, effectively preventing population differentiation in temperate, particularly wind-pollinated, forest trees in subtropical China.
The objective of this study was to explore the core functional microbiota for the production of volatile flavour during the traditional brewing of Wuyi Hong Qu glutinous rice wine, one of the most ...typical representatives of rice wine in China. Microbiological analysis based on high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology demonstrated that bacteria of Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Leuconostoc, Lactococcus, Raoultella, Staphylococcus, Pediococcus, and Weissella, and fungi of Saccharomyces, Saccharomycopsis, Rhizopus, Monascus, Pichia, Wickerhamomyces, Candida, and Aspergillus were the predominant genera during the traditional fermentation process. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on the relative abundance showed that both of bacterial and fungal communities varied significantly in different fermentation phases. Some predominant microbial species or genera (including bacteria of Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Weissella spp., and P. acidilactici, and fungi of M. purpureus, R. oryzae, R. arrhizus var. arrhizus, and A. niger) were detected at the initial brewing stage, and their populations decreased as the fermentation progressed, while those of Lactobacillus, Gluconacetobacter, Leuconostoc, Pichia, Wickerhamomyces, and Saccharomyces increased to become the predominant genera at the final stage. A total of 79 volatile compounds were identified in traditional fermentation starters and during the traditional brewing process, mainly including esters, alcohols, acids, aldehydes, ketones, and phenols. Heatmaps and PCA also revealed the significant variances in the composition of volatile compounds among different samples. Furthermore, the potential correlations between microbiota succession and volatile flavour dynamics were explored through bidirectional orthogonal partial least squares (O2PLS) based correlation analysis. Three bacterial genera, namely, Gluconacetobacter, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and three fungal genera of Pichia, Wickerhamomyces, and Saccharomyces, were determined as the core functional microbiota for production of main volatile compounds in Wuyi Hong Qu glutinous rice wine. To conclude, information provided by this study is valuable to the development of effective strategies for the selection of beneficial bacterial and fungal strains to improve the quality of Wuyi Hong Qu glutinous rice wine.
•Wuyi Hong Qu glutinous rice wine is brewed with two traditional fermentation starters.•Microbiota during traditional brewing were investigated by high-throughput sequencing.•Correlations of volatile compounds and microbiota were preliminarily explored.•Six genera were determined as core functional microbiota for production of volatile flavour.
This paper explores a highly accurate identification modeling approach for the ship maneuvering motion with fullscale trial. A multi-innovation gradient iterative (MIGI) approach is proposed to ...optimize the distance metric of locally weighted learning (LWL), and a novel non-parametric modeling technique is developed for a nonlinear ship maneuvering system. This proposed method's advantages are as follows: first, it can avoid the unmodeled dynamics and multicollinearity inherent to the conventional parametric model; second, it eliminates the over-learning or underlearning and obtains the optimal distance metric; and third, the MIGI is not sensitive to the initial parameter value and requires less time during the training phase. These advantages result in a highly accurate mathematical modeling technique that can be conveniently implemented in applications. To verify the characteristics of this mathematical model, two examples are used as the model platforms to study the ship maneuvering.
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