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•A new kinds of low cost proton-type ionic liquids additives (PILs) were synthesized.•PILs as additives for water have good solubility and anticorrosion property.•PILs additives ...significantly enhance lubricity and antiwear performances of water.•Interface assembly behavior and tribochemistry work together to enhance lubricity.•Torque test indicate that PILs have great potential as water-based additives.
With the increasingly serious environmental pollution and energy issues, water-based lubricating materials will gradually replace oil-based lubricating materials in some specific applications, which has become a trend. As a water-soluble lubricating additive, the synthesized proton-type ionic liquids (PILs) have the advantages of simple synthesis, good solubility stability, and excellent corrosion resistance properties, providing a method to better solve the problems of traditional water-based additives. The physical-chemical properties and lubrication functions of additives were characterized by foam corrosion test and tribological trials, with the detailed exploration of their lubricating mechanism obtained from QCM, TEM, TOF-SIMS, XPS and MD analysis. The results show that PILs display excellent friction-reducing and anti-wear performances, and improve the carrying capacity for water, which is mainly attributed to the formed tribofilm on the friction surface. The tribofilm is probably triggered by ions pair adsorption on the substrate surfaces, equipping with a typical bilayer structure self-assembly between two convexs. When it worked on the interface, a double layer structure is formed by the way of self-assembly, resulting in the formation of a continuous boundary protective film induced by tribochemical reaction, which can effectively reduce the shear damping during friction. Torque testing system results show that PILs have the smaller torque values, indicating their better lubricating performance in the small-scale platform test, which can make it to be used as a potential additive with excellent properties in water-based cutting fluids.
Objective
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AS. TNF polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with AS susceptibility, but the results of these ...previous studies have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to explore whether TNF polymorphism is associated with AS susceptibility in HLA-27-positive population.
Methods
Our search was done in the Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases (up to March 2020). The pooled and individual odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the minor allele of each locus were presented to assess the associations between TNF polymorphisms and AS in HLA-B27-positive population.
Results
Ten studies from 8 articles were included in this meta-analysis. In the population of HLA-B27-positive patients and random healthy controls, there were statistical significance in the evaluation of association between the minor allele of TNF-238, -308, -857, -1031 and -863 and AS susceptibility, respectively. In the population of HLA-B27-positive patients and HLA-B27-positive healthy controls, there were no statistical differences in the comparison of minor allele of with their respective major allele in the fixed model.
Conclusions
There was no association of the TNF polymorphisms with AS in the HLA-B27-positive AS group and HLA-B27-positive control group. Polymorphisms of TNF-238, -308, -857, -1031, -863 were associated with AS susceptibility in the HLA-B27-positive AS patients and random control population. Other gene SNPs except TNF may play an important role in AS susceptibility in HLA-B27-positive population.
Abstract
Systemic inflammation as manifested in sepsis is an excessive, life-threatening inflammatory response to severe bacterial or viral infection or extensive injury. It is also a ...thrombo-inflammatory condition associated with vascular leakage/hemorrhage and thrombosis that is not effectively treated by current anti-inflammatory or anti-thrombotic drugs. Here, we show that MB2mP6 peptide nanoparticles, targeting the Gα
13
-mediated integrin “outside-in” signaling in leukocytes and platelets, inhibited both inflammation and thrombosis without causing hemorrhage/vascular leakage. MB2mP6 improved mouse survival when infused immediately or hours after onset of severe sepsis. Furthermore, platelet Gα
13
knockout inhibited septic thrombosis whereas leukocyte Gα
13
knockout diminished septic inflammation, each moderately improving survival. Dual platelet/leukocyte Gα
13
knockout inhibited septic thrombosis and inflammation, further improving survival similar to MB2mP6. These results demonstrate that inflammation and thrombosis independently contribute to poor outcomes and exacerbate each other in systemic inflammation, and reveal a concept of dual anti-inflammatory/anti-thrombotic therapy without exacerbating vascular leakage.
Selecting training samples is crucial in remote sensing image classification. In this paper, we selected three images—Sentinel-2, GF-1, and Landsat 8—and employed three methods for selecting training ...samples: grouping selection, entropy-based selection, and direct selection. We then used the selected training samples to train three supervised classification models—random forest (RF), support-vector machine (SVM), and k-nearest neighbor (KNN)—and evaluated the classification results of the three images. According to the experimental results, the three classification models performed similarly. Compared with the entropy-based method, the grouping selection method achieved higher classification accuracy using fewer samples. In addition, the grouping selection method outperformed the direct selection method with the same number of samples. Therefore, the grouping selection method performed the best. When using the grouping selection method, the image classification accuracy increased with the increase in the number of samples within a certain sample size range.
Stomatal conductance (gs) is an indicator that allows for direct evaluation of plant water status, but it is challenging to achieve rapid monitoring in large-scale fields due to limitations in ...observation methods. Here this study was conducted to identify the thresholds of gs with different target yields and develop a gs-based water stress diagnostic model for buffalograss (Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.) using UAV thermal infrared imagery for buffalograss in 2022 and 2023. The results of the field experiment demonstrated that the gs rapidly response to changes in the water stress status of buffalograss. The thresholds of gs were 403 and 385 mmol m−2 s−1 for the vegetative and reproductive growth stages, respectively, with the target seed yield of 1224 kg ha−1. The gs values were classified into three levels for the vegetative growth and four levels for the in reproductive growth stage of buffalograss, respectively. The canopy temperature depression response to water stress is consistent with the gs. Based on this relationship, this study developed a gs-based diagnostic model with a random forest algorithm for buffalograss. Furthermore, a spital map of gs was created using UAV thermal infrared imagery. The modification test results indicated that the model made a good estimation of gs were good with normalized root mean square errors of 15% in the vegetative stage and 11% in the reproductive stage, respectively. Therefore, it is feasible to use thermal infrared imagery for monitoring gs and evaluating the water stress of plants in buffalograss fields.
A series of new halogen-free dicationic ionic liquids (ILs) with different alkyl chain lengths were prepared, and the relationship between the alkyl chain length, physicochemical and tribological ...properties of ILs, and their role as neat lubricant for steel-steel friction pairs, was investigated. Evaluation of stability during hydrolysis and copper strip corrosion test results show that synthetic ILs are stable and not corrosive to metal contacts, due to the halogen-free anions. The friction and wear test results indicate that ILs with long alkyl chains have excellent friction-reducing and anti-wear properties, especially at high temperatures. Based on the surface three-dimensional (3D) profiles, electrical contact resistance, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and the X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) analysis of the worn surfaces of steel discs, we can conclude that the efficiency of ILs is due to the formation of high quality tribofilms that consist of both tribochemical reaction and ordered absorption films.
Abstract
The integrins and G protein-coupled receptors are both fundamental in cell biology. The cross talk between these two, however, is unclear. Here we show that β
3
integrins negatively regulate ...G protein-coupled signaling by directly inhibiting the Gα
13
-p115RhoGEF interaction. Furthermore, whereas β
3
deficiency or integrin antagonists inhibit integrin-dependent platelet aggregation and exocytosis (granule secretion), they enhance G protein-coupled RhoA activation and integrin-independent secretion. In contrast, a β
3
-derived Gα
13
-binding peptide or Gα
13
knockout inhibits G protein-coupled RhoA activation and both integrin-independent and dependent platelet secretion without affecting primary platelet aggregation. In a mouse model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo, the β
3
-derived Gα
13
-binding peptide inhibits platelet secretion of granule constituents, which exacerbates inflammation and ischemia/reperfusion injury. These data establish crucial integrin-G protein crosstalk, providing a rationale for therapeutic approaches that inhibit exocytosis in platelets and possibly other cells without adverse effects associated with loss of cell adhesion.
•We present a facile thermal bonding method for fabricating flexible heating fabrics.•Coppers in flexible heating fabrics can simultaneously heat and measure temperature.•Flexible heating fabrics ...have good thermal performance and mechanical properties.
This paper presented a novel and facile method for fabricating flexible heating fabrics with temperature perception (FHF-TP), a temperature-sensitive fine copper was integrated into two pieces of flexible fusible interlining fabrics (FFIFs) by a simple thermal bonding method. FHF-TPs were characterized by performing a series of experiments, such as the research on the principle of temperature perception, infrared thermal performance testing, power consumption testing and mechanical properties testing and so on. The results showed the temperature of the FHF-TP was linear correlative strongly with resistance, loaded voltage and power consumption of that. By extracting and analyzing the infrared temperature images on the surface of the FHF-TPs, it was found that reducing the spacing of copper wires and the loaded voltage, improving the thermal conductivity of the bonding fabric can not only increase the heating temperature and heating rate, but also diminish the temperature difference so that the FHF-TPs were kept at a fairly even temperature. And the preset equilibrium temperature of the FHF-TPs is a significant linear correlative with the power consumption of those in the cold environment by simulating the heating in the garments. After performing 240 h ageing at 80 and 100 °C and washing for 30 times, the mechanical properties of all FHF-TP samples have no obvious change. FHF-TPs with stable electrical properties, thermal performance and mechanical properties will have wide application prospects in active warming garments field.
The aim of our study is to disclose the role and underlying molecular mechanisms of circular RNA ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component
-recognin 4 (circ-UBR4) in atherosclerosis (AS). Our data showed ...that circ-UBR4 expression was upregulated in AS patients and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) compared with healthy volunteer and untreated VSMCs. In addition, ox-LDL stimulated proliferation, migration, and inflammation but decreased apoptosis in VSMCs, which were overturned by the inhibition of circ-UBR4. miR-515-5p was sponged by circ-UBR4, and its inhibitor reversed the inhibitory effect of circ-UBR4 knockdown on proliferation, migration, and inflammation in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs. Insulin-like growth factor2 (IGF2) was a functional target of miR-515-5p, and overexpression of IGF2 reversed the suppressive effect of miR-515-5p on ox-LDL-stimulated VSMCs proliferation, migration, and inflammation. Collectively, circ-UBR4 knockdown decreased proliferation, migration, and inflammation but stimulated apoptosis in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs by targeting the miR-515-5p/IGF2 axis.
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