Aim To describe a case of an eight-year-old boy with chronic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) hepatitis with incipient cirrhosis, rarely found in practice. Methods The diagnosis was based on findings of ...specific IgG serum antibodies and EBV positive liver biopsy. Other etiologies of hepatitis were excluded: autoimmune hepatitis, viral hepatitis A, B, or C, cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), adenovirus infection, toxoplasma infection. Results A mild form of infectious mononucleosis with acute hepatitis without icterus was found in the boy first time at the age of three. He got sick again in april 2018 with fever, minor loss of appetite and weakness, skin and sclera were anicteric, no enlarged neck lymph nodes. Ultrasonography of the spleen revealed a spleen diameter of 10.7 cm, while the liver was 11.8 cm. Laboratory findings, sedimentation, blood count, C reactive protein (CRP) were all normal. Ten days and a month later an increase of aminotransferase was noticed. The liver biopsy and PCR EBV DNA were performed six months of disease onset. The disease had lasted for about one more year with loss of strength and an increase of aminotransferase with maximum value of 3-4 times higher than normal one. The therapy was supportive. Conclusion Chronic EBV hepatitis is very rare. In differential diagnosis of hepatitis and unclear febrile conditions, EBV infection should not be forgotten.
Uvod: Zdravstveni djelatnici su rizična skupina za HIV-infekciju i imaju ključnu ulogu u prevenciji HIV-a. Cilj: Procijeniti znanje i stavove i korelaciju znanja i stavova zdravstvenih djelatnika o ...HIV-infekciji. Ispitanici i metode. Ispitanici su zdravstveni djelatnici zaposleni u Domovima zdravlja: Bugojno, Donji i Gornji Vakuf. Upitnik je samostalno izrađen. Stavovi su ispitivani na osnovi modificirane Likertove ljestvice. Procjena znanja i stavova napravljena je tako da više od 50% točnih odgovora ukazuje na dobro znanje i pozitivan stav. Za testiranje statističke značajnosti korišten je χ² test (p <0.05). Za određivanje korelacije varijabli znanje i stavovi korišteni su Pearsonov i Spearmanov koeficijent korelacije. Rezultati: U istraživanju je sudjelovao 81 zdravstveni djelatnik – 57 (70%) žena i 24 (30%) muškarca. Najveći broj ispitanika bile su medicinske sestre (57%), prosječne dobi 36 godina života i 13 godina radnoga staža. Većina ispitanika pokazali su relativno dobro znanje o HIV-infekciji (73%) i pozitivne stavove prema HIV-pozitivnim osobama (80%). Koeficijent korelacije za zbirne vrijednosti znanja i stavova iznosio je 0,336, sa statističkim značajem 0,002. Zaključak: Da bi se poboljšala praksa, smanjila stigma i diskriminacija HIV-pozitivnih osoba u zdravstvenim ustanovama, potrebno je provoditi kontinuiranu edukaciju svih zaposlenika.
Aim To investigate the relationship between recovered hepatitis B infection with appearance of toxic propylthiouracil (PTU) hepatitis and point out the growing importance of the use of drugs in the ...development of hepatitis.
The ideal goal of antiviral therapy or cure of chronic hepatitis B is HBsAg clearance and HBsAg seroconversion. According to modern guidelines of all Associations for liver diseases pegylated ...interferon alfa-2a and nucleos(t)ide analogues (entecavir, tenofovir) are first choice in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. The aim of the study was to evaluate the success of the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B who received pegylated interferon. At the end of ten year period, HBV DNA <50 IU/ml and HBsAg seroconversion achieved 4 (4/55, 7.00%) patients. All were HBeAg negative. Additionally, is presented the case of patients, who, after the treatment, had the shortest period of healing. Patient is a man, aged 47 years, with the newly discovered HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B and pronounced activity of serum aminotransferases. He was treated with pegylated interferon alfa-2a, 180 µg once a week, for 48 weeks. After antiviral therapy, the patient is HBV DNA negative, HBsAg negative and neat aminotransferases, and 12 months after completion of antiviral therapy comes to HBsAg seroconversion. The degree of cure of chronic hepatitis B, unfortunately, has not been entirely satisfactory, with the exception of the few individual cases.
Otrovanja kolhicinom teška su i veoma opasna stanja koja nastaju kao posljedica otrovanja hranom s biljkama koje sadržavaju ovaj alkaloid ili predoziranja lijekom koji sadržava kolhicin. Lišće ...jestivoga medvjeđeg luka (srijemuša) zbog svoje se sličnosti često zamijeni s vrlo otrovnim listovima mrazovca (lat. Colchicum autumnale) koji uzrokuju otrovanja. Opisana su dva slučaja otrovanja hranom s mrazovcem, koji su imali slične simptome u početnoj fazi, ali različit klinički tijek i ishod. Znakovi otrovanja zahtijevaju rano prepoznavanje i intenzivnu potpornu terapiju, što povećava izglede za preživljavanje.
Colchicine poisonings are serious and highly fatal conditions that occur as a result of food poisoning from plants that contain this alkaloid or overdose with drug containing colchicine. The leaves ...of edible wild garlic because of their similarity are often replaced with highly poisonous leaves of autumn crocus, causing poisoning. Described are two cases of food poisoning with Colchicum autumnale, who had similar symptoms in the initial stage, but different clinical course and outcome. Signs of poisoning require early identification and intensive supportive therapy, which increases the chances of survival.
Aim To investigate the relationship between recovered hepatitis B infection with appearance of toxic propylthiouracil (PTU) hepatitis and point out the growing importance of the use of drugs in the ...development of hepatitis. Methods A case of a 45-year-old female patient with suspicion of acute viral hepatitis who had polypragmasy of drugs in the last ten years, due to the polymorphism of symptoms/illnesses (diabetes mellitus, depression, hypertension, hypothyroidism) was presented. Results A female patient had hyperthyroidism after resolved viral hepatitis B with HBsAg seroconversion (HBsAg negative, antiHBs positive). PTU had the greatest potential for hepatotoxicity of all administered drugs. After corticosteroid therapy there was a significant improvement in liver function tests. In the course of the disease there was no change of hepatitis markers and exacerbations of hepatitis B. Conclusion Clinical practice should comprehensively monitor the effects of the intricate and tight connection between drugs, liver and endocrine system in order to better resolve all manifestations, complications and worsening of one or another organic system.
Ciljevi istraživanja bili su: ukazati na značaj zoonoza u ljudi te istražiti koje se zoonoze u ljudi najčešće javljaju u Zeničko-dobojskoj županiji (ZDŽ) i Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine (FBiH), ...tijekom desetogodišnjeg razdoblja (2010. – 2019. godine). Materijal i metode. U svrhu istraživanja korišteni su podatci o osam najučestalih zoonoza (salmoneloze, bruceloza, leptospiroza, Q-groznica, hemoragijska groznica s renalnim sindromom, borelioza, ehinokokoza, listerioza), temeljem prijava Instituta za zdravlje i sigurnost hrane Zenica i Federalnog zavoda za javno zdravstvo. Dijagnoze su postavljene klinički, mikrobiološki i/ili epidemiološki. Rezultati. Tijekom desetogodišnjeg razdoblja u ZDŽ prijavljena je 871 zoonoza. Najviše (191/871; 21,9%) prijavljenih bilo je 2019. godine. Najučestalija zoonoza bila je salmoneloza (343/871; 39,4%; 95,3/100.000 stanovnika), a zatim slijedi bruceloza (323/871; 37,1%; 87,7/100.000). Najčešća zoonoza u FBiH je salmoneloza (2.764/5.219; 53%; 125,6/100.000). Na drugom mjestu je bruceloza (1.505/5.219; 28,8%; 68,4/100.000). Leptospiroza (386/5.219; 7,4%; 17,5/100.000), Q-groznica (203/5.219; 3,9%; 9,2/100.000) i hemoragijska groznica s renalnim sindromom (164/5.219; 3,1%; 7,5/100.000) javljaju se povremeno, u vidu manjih ili većih epidemija. Ostale zoonoze javljaju se sporadično. Zaključak. Zoonoze su od posebnoga javnozdravstvenog značaja i zahtijevaju blisku interdisciplinarnu suradnju različitih profila stručnjaka (iz područja medicine, veterine, šumarstva, biologije, zoologije, ekologije), poduzimanje učinkovitih mjera u nadzoru i suzbijanju te proučavanju i znanstvenom istraživanju tih bolesti.
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